往复海流作用下桩基局部冲刷及海底沉积物粒度变化

根据胶州湾海湾大桥现场试桩结果,对海流作用下桩基局部冲刷进行了研究。通过对桩柱附近实测海流以及试桩前后桩柱周边海底沉积物粒度变化联合分析,发现桩柱竖立后,桩柱根部优势流迎流面发生局部冲刷,侧面和背流面发生局部淤积。桩柱附近海底沉积物粗化,且根部优势流迎流面海底沉积物粗化最为明显。说明桩柱竖立后,细颗粒物质迁移,使桩柱附近海底发生冲淤变化。     

新型码头结构在我国港口工程中的应用

对我国近年出现的几种新型码头结构的研究进行了综述和分析。其中,遮帘式板桩码头结构减小了作用于前板桩上的土压力,使板桩码头在大水深情况下得以应用;双排大管桩码头结构使大管桩较高的轴向承载力和抗弯强度得到充分发挥;架空直立式码头解决了内河大水位差情况下建造码头的难题;椭圆型沉箱的应用避免了采用2个圆沉箱产生前后不均匀沉降的技术难题。最后,对上述新型结构的应用进行了总结。     

基桩动力检测的问题及改进方向

有关桩质量及承载能力的动力检测方法很多,各有特色,很多文献有详细介绍,一些方法还列入有关规程或规范中。实际上,桩基是隐蔽工程,桩质量受施工技术的影响可能出现多样性的缺陷;桩承载能力的动力分析又必须依据规范规定的静载试验结果来校核、修正。因此,动力试验方法的准确性受多种因素的影响。本文依据实践工作中的体会和认识,明确指出现有的主要动力检测方法在判别桩可能存在的缺陷性质、位置、程度方面各自存在的局限性,以及在判断桩承载力的试测方式和分析方法上存在的问题,并就噪声干扰及桩动静试验可比性等问题提出一些改进的思路及设想。     

提高钻孔灌注桩承载力的工艺途径与方法

依据钻孔灌注桩承载力的构成要素,从理论上对提高承载力的途径进行探讨,并结合工程实践提出提高承载力的工艺方法。     

堆载下被动桩与土体相互作用的FLAC三维分析

被动桩问题是近年来岩土工程领域的一个研究热点,但是对于堆载下桩、土之间复杂的相互作用一直缺乏系统的三维分析。本文采用FLAC3D建立了有限差分模型,对单排桩三维工作性状进行分析,重点研究堆载条件、桩身刚度及土层分布对桩身位移和桩侧土压力的影响情况,并籍此对软土地基的桩、土共同作用机理加以阐述,得出一些有益结论。分析表明,软土地基中桩侧土压力的分布可简化为线性模式,本文对此进行了线性拟合。     

桩靴贯入黏土层时邻近群桩相互作用分析

为研究钻井船插桩对邻近平台群桩相互作用的影响,采用耦合欧拉拉格朗日(CEL)方法对桩靴贯入黏土层时邻近群桩中各桩荷载分担比、桩头附加位移及两桩相互作用系数进行了分析。首先通过对缩尺模型试验的数值分析,验证了CEL方法的可行性;然后进一步分析了桩靴贯入黏土层时对邻近群桩相互作用的影响;最后探讨了净间距、桩间距对群桩相互作用的影响。结果表明,在桩靴贯入中,前桩的荷载分担比大于后桩,且桩靴贯入至一定深度后,当净间距越小或桩间距越大时,前桩的荷载分担比越大、后桩的荷载分担比越小,但各桩的荷载分担比随桩靴贯入深度增加时的变化规律不变;净间距越大,桩头附加位移及相互作用系数越小;在桩靴贯入时,由于受群桩遮拦效应的影响,桩头附加位移及相互作用系数随桩间距的变化规律同插桩前有所不同,当桩间距大于3倍桩径时,随桩间距的增加而减小,当桩间距小于3倍桩径时,随桩间距的增加而增大。     

Research on Horizontal Vibration of Heavy-Weight Drill Pipes in Directional Drilling

The mode of load and deformation of directional drilling string and the expression of trigonometric series of deflection equation are established by means of elastic deformation energy and of the vertical and horizontal bending. A calculation formula for natural frequency of horizontal resonance and rotational speed is derived based on the calculation method by Ritz, with which analysis is made for the cause and affecting factors of the excessive abrasion of heavy-weight drill pipe in high-angle holes so as to provide reference and basis for rational selection of drilling parameters and drilling tools in the future high-angle directional drilling.     

New Types of Wharf Structures in Chiwan Port

- A bold innovation was carried out for the structural type of wharves in line with local conditions in Chiwan Port, in which a group of wharves with novel structures have been built in this port during the past ten years.     

Model experimental research on uplift single pile in calcareous sand of South China Sea

Vertical uplift static loading tests of single model pile were conducted in the in-lab calcareous sand and quartz sand by emulating practical condition of full-size piles in site. The settlement, lateral deflection, axial force, and friction distribution of the pile are analyzed for each physical test. The pile behaviors in calcareous sand and quartz sand are compared. From the test results, it can be found that the pile top displacement of uplift pile in calcareous sand can be divided into two stages: the pile–sand synchronous stage and pile–sand asynchronous (relative displacement) stage. Data from uplift tests show that the heave of calcareous sand around pile top is very small, which is resulted from the mutually restraint of surface particle. The mutual restriction of surface particle leads to “bottleneck effect” and strengthens ultimate side friction of upper pile segment. In addition, the shear dilatancy and particle breakage of calcareous sand lead to the upper harden and the lower soften of side friction, respectively. Cases of calcareous sand and quartz sand show different responses to pile forming methods, which due to the sands’ different characteristics of particle breakage when compressed as well as plastic deformation under loading–unloading conditions.     

人工挖孔桩桩端土承载力的确定

城市建设中高层建筑越来越多．基础大多采用单桩承栽能力很高的人工挖孔灌注桩。既保证桩基工程的安全．又能节省工程造价．桩端土承栽力参数的确定在基础工程设计中是十分重要的。本文提出了应用深层平板栽荷试验方法能够较准确的提供桩端土承栽力参数．并在不同地质条件下进行了试验．积累了本地区的一些经验;同时认为在桩端土为中粗砂、泥岩时,应用效果很好;桩端土为粘性土时,应用效果较差。