东秦岭泥盆纪成矿海盆中一种（准）同生热水蚀变岩研究

赋存层控铅锌矿床的东秦岭泥盆系内发育一类特殊岩石——方柱黑云岩。野外和室内的研究表明,它是与火山及热泉活动有关的异常地热海盆中的一种特殊沉积相。矿物学、岩石学及地球化学特征也为其原凝灰质沉积岩经过热卤水“浸泡效应”(soaking effect)形成方柱黑云岩类的成因提供了可靠信息。据此推测秦岭泥盆纪层控矿床成矿海盆的异常地热背景和热水沉积环境。     

湘东南印支期花岗岩成因及构造背景

湘东南地区以印支期主俯冲断裂——茶陵-郴州大断裂为界,分为东部炎陵-汝城隆起区和西部衡阳-桂阳坳陷区。区内印支期花岗岩总体属高钾钙碱性过铝质花岗岩,并可根据岩石特征分为2组。第1组产于衡阳-桂阳坳陷区NW向深断裂中,由角闪石黑云母花岗闪长岩、角闪石黑云母二长花岗岩和黑(二)云母二长花岗岩等组成,SiO2平均含量总体较低,为69.68%;大多为弱过铝,ASI值0.96~1.29,平均为1.08;具有相对较低的ISr值(0.7080~0.7168)和t2DM值(1.48~1.72Ga)以及相对较高的εNd(t)值(-8.90~-5.83)。第2组位于炎陵-汝城隆起区及衡阳-桂阳坳陷区将军庙次级隆起带中,由黑云母二长花岗岩和二云母二长花岗岩组成,SiO2平均含量相对较高,为72.23%;总体为ASI值大于1.1的强过铝花岗岩,ASI值1.01~2.60,平均达1.30;具有相对较高的ISr值(0.7159~0.7345)和t2DM值(1.81~1.97Ga)以及相对较低的εNd(t)值(-12.0~-9.85)。根据上述特征,结合岩石圈结构和A/MF-C/MF图解分析,第2组花岗岩源岩主要为中地壳结晶片岩、片麻岩等,第1组花岗岩源岩除中地壳岩石外,可能还有少量下地壳基性麻粒岩成分以及幔源组分的加入,说明存在幔源岩浆的底侵作用。根据多种氧化物与微量元素构造环境判别图解,结合地质特征、构造演化背景等,认为印支期花岗岩形成于同造山阶段的后碰撞构造环境,地壳加厚及其后的减压导致中地壳重熔是岩浆形成的主导因素,幔源岩浆底侵使坳陷区与深大断裂带内的岩体中混入下地壳成分及少量地幔物质。已有研究表明湘东南燕山早期花岗岩形成于后造山构造环境,因此印支期与燕山早期两阶段花岗岩的构造环境彼此之间提供了制约。     

满洲里地区印支期花岗岩Rb—Sr等时线年代学证据

满洲里－西旗地区为一重要的燕山期斑岩－次火山岩脉型浅成低温矿化区,较早期的花岗岩往往作为矿化围岩。关于本区是否存在印支期花岗岩,一直存在疑问。本文就区内四大矿区的早期花岗岩体（原推断为海西晚期或燕山早期）进行了系统的岩矿和Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ同位素年代学研究,得到两条线性关系甚好的等时线,年龄分别为２１１±２１Ｍａ和２２５．４±７．９Ｍａ,证明该区存在印支期花岗岩。原划分的海西晚期、燕山早期花岗岩相当一部分要解体划为印支期花岗岩。     

华南富氟花岗岩高磷和低磷亚类型对比

根据全岩Ｐ２Ｏ５含量的多寡可将华南富氧花岗岩分为高磷亚类和低磷亚类,它们之间具较大的地球化学差异。高磷亚类以低硅、强过铝和低的ＲＥＥ总量为特征,而低磷亚类则相反。在长石、云母等矿物化学成分上这两亚类花岗岩也有所差异。高磷亚类花岗岩中磷以长石中结构磷和磷铝锂石形式存在,而低磷亚类花夺中的磷则主要存在于磷灰石等磷酸盐矿物中。     

走滑断裂带的两类花岗岩

大型走滑断裂带,由于在水平方向的运动,导致两个区域发生扩张;另两个区域发生压缩。前者控制了拉分火山沉积盆地,形成了与火山作用同源的走滑—拉分张裂型侵入岩;后者控制了菱形地垒,形成了走滑—挤压隆起型花岗岩。这两类花岗岩同时产于同一走滑断裂带的不同部位,因其构造环境不相一致,在宏观上以被动就位和强力就位而有明显区分;在微观上以岩石化学等物质组分或趋近典型的张裂性花岗岩套,或趋近典型的挤压性花岗岩套,而泾渭分明。首次发现的这两类花岗岩并存的实例,为产于辽吉黑东部鸭绿江断裂带中的东宁老黑山—珲春农坪的走滑—拉分张裂型花岗岩套和浑江荒沟山走滑—挤压隆起型花岗岩套。它们形成的时代均属晚三叠世。     

Petrological and Experimental Constraints on the Pre-eruption Conditions of Holocene Dacite from Volcan San Pedro (36{degrees}S, Chilean Andes) and the Importance of Sulphur in Silicic Subduction-related Magmas

We present an experimental and petrological study aimed at estimatingthe pre-eruptive conditions of a Holocene dacitic lava fromVolcán San Pedro (36°S, Chilean Andes). Phase-equilibriumexperiments were performed at temperatures (T) from 800 to 950°C,and mainly at 200 MPa, but also at 55, 150, and 406 MPa. Oxygenfugacity (fO₂) ranged from the Ni–NiO buffer (NNO) to3·5 log units above (NNO + 3·5), and water contentsfrom     

黑云母与氯化物热水溶液相互作用的实验研究

本文在500℃和1×108Pa条件下，利用冷封口高温高压水热系统和焊封金管技术实验研究了黑云母和Na－Ca－氯化物溶液的相互作用，着重考察反应不同时间的黑云母表面和溶液化学的变化。黑云母中的K、Fe和Si不同程度地进入溶液相，而溶液中原有的Na和Ca含量降低；SEM／EDAX和EMAX研究表明，反应后的黑云母边缘部分明显失去K和Fe，应得到相当数量的H2O和一些Ca。黑云母中Fe活化的控制反应可能是H+交代作用。     

Orthogneisses in the Spessart Crystalline Complex,north-west Bavaria: Silurian granitoid magmatism at an active continental margin

The Spessart Crystalline Complex, north-west Bavaria contains two orthogneiss units of granitic to granodioritic composition, known as the Rotgneiss and Haibach gneiss, respectively, which are structurally conformable with associated metasediments. The igneous origin of the Rotgneiss is apparent from field and textural evidence, whereas strong deformation and recrystallization in the Haibach gneiss has obscured most primary textures. New geochemical data as well as zircon morphology prove the Haibach gneiss to be derived from a granitoid precursor, which was chemically similar to the Rotgneiss protolith, thus suggesting a genetic link between those two rock units. Both gneiss types have chemical compositions typical of anatectic two-mica leucogranites. They show characteristics of both I- and S-type granites. Rb-Sr whole rock data on the Haibach gneiss provide an isochron age of 407±14 Ma (IR = 0.7077±0.0007; MSWD 2.2), which is slightly younger than the published date for the Rotgneiss (439±15 Ma; IR=0.7048±0.0026; MSWD 4.9). Single zircon dating of six idiomorphic grains, using the evaporation method, yielded a mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 410±18 Ma for the Haibach gneiss and 418±18 Ma for the Rotgneiss. Both zircon ages are within analytical error of the Rb-Sr isochron dates and are interpreted to reflect the time of protolith emplacement in Silurian times. Three xenocrystic zircon grains from the Rotgneiss yielded ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ages of 2278±12, 2490±13 and 2734±10 Ma, respectively, suggesting that late Archaean to early Proterozoic crust was involved in the generation of the granite from which the Rotgneiss is derived. Although it is assumed that the granitic protoliths of the two gneisses were formed through anatexis of older continental crust, the relatively low ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr initial ratios of both gneisses may also indicate the admixture of a mantle component. The Rotgneiss and the Haibach gneiss thus document granitic magmatism at an active continental margin during late Silurian times.     

秦岭群变质深度的探讨

秦岭群由西经中到东区,变质程度、温度、压力趋于增加,变质深度分别对应于上、中和下地壳。秦岭群是由华北地台南缘盆地,从晚太古宙到早元古宙,自东往西逐步拉张发展形成的。     

据40Ar/39Ar快中子年龄新资料讨论震旦系底界年龄

作者对相当于晋宁运动岩浆活动产物的湖北峡东黄陵岩体和江西九岭岩体分别进行了⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar快中子定年。对采自宜昌莲沱地区的黑云母斜长花岗岩体和黄陵庙黑云母花岗闪长岩体的样品测得两条年龄谱,HH-01黑云母的高温坪年龄为893.7±6.7Ma,HH-05角闪石坪年龄为886.4±4.6Ma。对采自江西宜丰黄岗口的九岭岩体中黑云母测得的高温坪年龄为937.1±6.4Ma。从上述三个年龄值,并综合以前测定的晋宁期侵入体的年龄值以及不整合面上覆盖层和基底最上部沉积层的一些年龄值认为,以900Ma作为震旦系底界年龄是合适的。