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71.
S.A. Crosby G.E. Millward E.I. Butler D.R. Turner M. Whitfield 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1984,19(2):257-270
The rate of uptake of phosphate onto synthetic Fe(III)- and Fe(II)-derived oxyhydroxides has been studied using reaction conditions similar to those encountered in natural waters. Kinetic analyses were carried out on the adsorption profiles and both first-order and second-order conditional rate constants were obtained. The temperature dependence of some of the rate constants was investigated and corresponding apparent activation energies calculated. Similar experiments and analyses were undertaken using Fe from natural sources and in general the conditional rate constants obtained in seawater were in agreement with the synthetic ones. The results of this study are of value when comparing the time scales of adsorption processes in natural waters with the time scales of mixing and advection. 相似文献
72.
So MK Zhang X Giesy JP Fung CN Fong HW Zheng J Kramer MJ Yoo H Lam PK 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):677-687
Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine (OC) pesticides and dioxin-like compounds were measured in green-lipped mussels, Perna viridis, collected from seven mariculture zones in Hong Kong between September and October in 2002 in order to evaluate the status, spatial distribution and potential sources of pollution in these areas. Concentrations ranged from 300 to 4400 ng/g lipid weight for total OCs and 170–1000 ng/g lipid weight for total PCBs (based on 28 congeners). Relatively smaller DDT concentrations in mussels compared with previous studies suggest reduced discharges of DDTs from nearby regions into Hong Kong waters. Detection of a mixture of HCH isomers in the mussels indicated that Hong Kong waters were predominantly contaminated by technical HCHs rather than lindane. Mussel samples from all sampling locations elicited significant dioxin-like activity in the H4IIE-luc bioassay. The greatest magnitude of dioxin-like response (39 pg TEQ/g wet wt.) was detected in mussels from Ma Wan in the western waters of Hong Kong, which is strongly influenced by the Pearl River discharge. Human health risk assessment was undertaken to evaluate potential risks associated with the consumption of the green-lipped mussels. Risk quotient (RQ) for dioxin-like compounds was greater than unity suggesting that adverse health effects may be associated with high mussel consumption. 相似文献
73.
Amino acids were determined in estuarine colloidal and particulate material from near surface waters ranging from fresh to brackish water (12 g kg?1 salinity). The hydrolizable amino acids and associated ammonia account for an average of 80% of the nitrogen present in colloidal samples, and approximately 75% of the nitrogen from particulate fractions of the same samples. The relative proportions of these amino acids are similar to those of a cultured estuarine diatom. There are no significant amounts of D amino acids, or non-protein amino acids characteristic of bacteria in sediments and soil. A single deep-water sample (25 m) shows some evidence of bottom mud resuspension by the presence of a possible aspartic acid-hydroxyproline dimer. 相似文献
74.
Xinhui Bi Bernd R.T. Simoneit Guoying Sheng Shexia Ma Jiamo Fu 《Atmospheric Research》2008,88(3-4):256-265
Total suspended particles (TSP), collected during June 2002 to July 2003 in Guangzhou, a typical economically developed city in South China, were analyzed for the organic compound compositions using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Over 140 organic compounds were detected in the aerosols and grouped into different classes including n-alkanes, hopanoids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanols, fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids excluding oxalic acid, polyols/polyacids, lignin products, phytosterols, phthalates and water-soluble sugars. The total amounts of the identified organic compounds including unresolved complex mixture (UCM) ranged from 3112 ng/m3 in spring to 5116 ng/m3 in winter, comprising on seasonal average 2.8% of TSP. Primary organic compounds peaked in winter although there are no heating systems burning fuels in Guangzhou. The highest saccharide levels occurred in fall due to agricultural activities. This study demonstrated that utilization of fossil fuels, biomass burning, soil resuspension and plastic/refuse burning are the major contributors to the identified organic compounds in the urban atmosphere of South China. 相似文献
75.
东营凹陷北部陡坡带稠油成藏机理与油气运聚特征 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
东营凹陷北部陡坡带的王庄—宁海地区发现了大量稠油 ,但原油的成因及其成藏机理仍不甚了解 .在以往原油成因与油源调查基础上 ,利用非烃含氮化合物及包裹体均一化温度对该区进行油气运移方向与相对距离、成藏时间与期次的分析 .结果表明 ,东营凹陷北部带原油具有由南而北的运移分馏效应 ,反映北部陡坡带原油来自南部的利津洼陷 ;王庄—宁海地区原油总体具有由东而西的运移分馏效应 ,其东、西两侧各有一主要油气注气点 .王庄—宁海原油烃类与非烃组成与分布特征揭示该区油气具有混合聚集特征 .包裹体测试反映王庄—宁海地区油藏主要为晚期成藏 ,距今小于 5Ma ;而靠近生油中心地带包裹体具有早期成藏的记录 (± 36Ma) . 相似文献
76.
认识沉积环境有机碳留存状况是阐述油气形成过程中有机碳早期成岩的关键内容。以南海珠江口盆地及其邻近海域为背景,通过研究表层沉积物中脂类化合物的形态组成,认识脂类有机碳的来源和留存状态,阐述特征脂类分子的早期成岩特征。结果表明,研究区域表层沉积物有机碳含量为0.22%~0.66%,有机碳稳定同位素分布在-20.88‰~-22.93‰之间,表现为显著的海源特征。沉积物中共检测出21种脂肪酸、6种脂肪醇、8种甾醇和植醇;总脂肪酸、脂肪醇、甾醇和植醇含量分别为12.57~40.27μg/g、5.35~8.98μg/g、0.15~3.75μg/g和0.01~3.99μg/g干重,总体表现为靠近珠江口和台湾海峡略高。脂类化合物的存在形态以游离态(FR)和碱性水解态(BH)为主,酸性水解态(AH)贡献较低;其中植醇和甾醇呈现显著的BH优势,植醇中未检出AH组分的贡献。脂类化合物主要来自于海洋现场生产,海洋微藻和细菌的相对贡献率分别为21.18%~33.78%和11.02%~15.64%,陆源高等植物贡献低于5%。来源于硫酸盐还原菌的支链脂肪酸在靠近珠江口海域高达1.79~2.62μg/g,占总脂肪酸的5.14%~6.50%,并与硫酸盐还原过程相关的古菌分布相一致。 相似文献
77.
78.
79.
有机—无机相互作用是沉积盆地中普遍存在且不可改变的事实。采用加水热模拟实验方法,考察了含铀物质对泥岩样品热解生烃产物的影响。结果发现,含铀物质的加入,极大的提高了泥岩热解产物中气体产物的生成量。对气体组分的分析表明,产物中二氧化碳的含量增加,而甲烷的含量较少,一氧化碳的含量则呈现先增加后减少的趋势,对液态抽提物的分析发现,含铀物质促进了热解过程中产生的高碳数正构烷烃的降解,使得抽提物中饱和烃族组分的轻重比值有所增加,同时,含铀物质对泥岩热解产生的甾、萜烷类生物标志化合物也产生了一定的影响。 相似文献
80.
鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩沥青 A 和沥青 C 的生物标志物特征 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
摘 要 研究了鄂尔多斯奥陶系碳酸盐岩中沥青 A 和沥青 C 的生物标志物特征表明沥青 A
和沥青 C 之间在生物标志物组成上存在着明显的差异产生这些差异的原因主要是氧化还原
环境、成熟度及粘土矿物含量的不同。结合沉积相分析探讨了不同沉积环境中沥青 A 与沥
青 C 的分布规律。 相似文献