高层钢结构抗震pushover分析的侧向力分布模式及其影响

本文针对高层钢结构抗震Pushover分析的适用性和侧向力分布模式的选取等问题,首先,介绍和分析了Pushover分析常用的五种侧向力分布模式及其本质特征;然后,给出了判断侧向力分布模式合理性的准则;最后,通过对比一座15层的平面钢框架结构在Ⅳ类场地的典型地震动下的非线性时程分析和五种侧向力分布下的Pushover分析中的破坏形式和弹塑性反应,研究了高层钢结构抗震Pushover分析的适用性和各侧向力分布模式的合理性;在此基础上,本文给出了高层钢结构Pushover分析时侧向力分布模式的选取建议。     

Research on Characteristics of Density Current Under the Action of Waves

In this paper,the characteristics of density current under the action of waves are describedwith the help of flume experiment and theoretical analysis.The study shows that turbid water under the ac-tion of the waves can present three types of motion,i.e.significant stratification,fragile stratification andstrong mixing.The motion of turbid water presents significant stratification when(H/D)/△ρ/ρ~(1/2)≤4.5,generally this state is known as density current.The formulas of motionvelocity,thickness,and discharge of density current moving on horizontal bottom are derived by use of ba-sic equations such as momemtum equation,equation of energy conservation and continuity equation offluid.The time-average velocity and the thickness of density current under the action of waves have a rela-tionship with such parameters as relative density(△ρ/ρ),wave height(H),and water depth(D).Whenthese parameters are determined,the time-average thickness and motion velocity of density current are al-so determined.The relat     

植被区面积对局地气候影响的数值研究

用一个三维模式实施了５个数值试验，研究了植被覆盖与裸土之间的非均一性对局地气候的影响。结果指出：存在着一个最适宜的植被区面积Ｓ＿ｃ，当Ｓ＝Ｓ＿ｃ，这种非均一性激发的上升运动最强，上升气流区的空间范围最大。     

基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨左金丸治疗肝癌的作用机制

目的：运用网络药理学和分子对接方法探讨左金丸治疗肝癌的作用机制。方法：从TCMSP和BATMAN-TCM数据库获取左金丸的化合物及其相应靶点,检索GeneCards、OMIM和TTD 3个数据库获得肝癌的相关靶基因,取两者靶基因交集得到左金丸治疗肝癌的预测靶基因;运用Cytoscape 3.7.1软件构建左金丸-化合物-靶点-肝癌和PPI网络图;运用R软件对预测靶基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析;最后运用分子对接技术对关键化合物和靶点进行验证。结果：共获取左金丸35个化合物及173个相应靶点,左金丸与肝癌的共同靶点有103个。PPI结果表明AKT1、MAPK1、TP53、JUN和RELA可能为左金丸治疗肝癌的关键靶点。富集分析示左金丸可能通过乙型肝炎、卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒感染、人巨细胞病毒感染、丙型肝炎、MAPK信号通路、肝癌等信号通路抗肝癌。分子对接结果示槲皮素和黄连素均能与AKT1和MAPK1稳定结合。结论：本研究初步揭示了左金丸通过多成分、多靶点、多通路治疗肝癌的作用机制,为后续左金丸治疗肝癌提供理论参考。     

Baroclinically-driven flows and dynamo action in rotating spherical fluid shells

The dynamics of stably stratified stellar radiative zones is of considerable interest due to the availability of increasingly detailed observations of Solar and stellar interiors. This article reports the first non-axisymmetric and time-dependent simulations of flows of anelastic fluids driven by baroclinic torques in stably stratified rotating spherical shells – a system serving as an elemental model of a stellar radiative zone. With increasing baroclinicity a sequence of bifurcations from simpler to more complex flows is found in which some of the available symmetries of the problem are broken subsequently. The poloidal component of the flow grows relative to the dominant toroidal component with increasing baroclinicity. The possibility of magnetic field generation thus arises and this paper proceeds to provide some indications for self-sustained dynamo action in baroclinically-driven flows. We speculate that magnetic fields in stably stratified stellar interiors are thus not necessarily of fossil origin as it is often assumed.     

Transforming local natural resource conflicts to cooperation in a changing climate: Bangladesh and Nepal lessons

ABSTRACT

Since the 1990s, climate change impact discourse has highlighted potential for large scale violent conflicts. However, the role of climate stresses on local conflicts over natural resources, the role of policies and adaptation in these conflicts, and opportunities to enhance cooperation have been neglected. These gaps are addressed in this paper using evidence from participatory action research on 79 cases of local collective action over natural resources that experience conflicts in Bangladesh and Nepal. Climate trends and stresses contributed to just under half of these conflict cases. Nine factors that enable greater cooperation and transformation of conflict are identified. Participatory dialogue and negotiation processes, while not sufficient, changed understanding, attitudes and positions of actors. Many of the communities innovated physical measures to overcome natural resource constraints, underlying conflict, and/or institutional reforms. These changes were informed by improving understanding of resource limitations and indigenous knowledge. Learning networks among community organizations encouraged collective action by sharing successes and creating peer pressure. Incentives for cooperation were important. For example, when community organizations formally permitted excluded traditional resource users to access resources, those actors complied with rules and paid towards management costs. However, elites were able to use policy gaps to capture resources with changed characteristics due to climate change. In most of the cases where conflict persisted, power, policy and institutional barriers prevented community-based organizations from taking up potential adaptations and innovations. Policy frameworks recognizing collective action and supporting flexible innovation in governance and adaptation would enable wider transformation of natural resource conflicts into cooperation.

Key policy insights

• Climate stresses, policy gaps and interventions can all worsen local natural resource conflicts.

• Sectoral knowledge and technical approaches to adaptation are open to elite capture and can foster conflicts.

• Many local natural resource conflicts can be resolved but this requires an enabling environment for participatory dialogue, external facilitation, flexible responses to context, and recognition of disadvantaged stakeholder interests.

• Transforming conflict to greater cooperation mostly involves social and institutional changes, so adaptation policies should focus less on physical works and more on enabling factors such as negotiation, local institutions, knowledge, and incentives.

     

面向单脉冲信号分类的集成特征选择与评价

受大量射频干扰信号影响, 快速从海量观测数据中准确识别出单脉冲信号已成为天文数据处理的一项重要任务, 而设计和提取有效数据特征, 是利用机器学习进行单脉冲信号高效识别的决定因素. 针对如何选择最优特征, 进而提升单脉冲信号的分类精度这一关键问题, 设计了面向单脉冲信号分类的集成特征选择方法. 方法首先混合单脉冲信号的参数特征、统计特征和抽象特征, 然后分别利用5种单一特征选择方法选出各自的最优特征集, 最后利用贪心策略对5种单一方法获取的最优特征集进行集成筛选, 获取最优集成特征集. 实验表明, 最优特征集合既包含统计特征也包含抽象特征. 在相同特征数量下, 利用集成特征选择比单一特征选择能获得更高的模型精度, 可使F1值最高提升1.8%. 在海量数据背景下, 集成特征选择对减少特征数量、提升分类性能和加快数据处理速度具有重要作用.     

The effect of chlorine and chlorine dioxide on pathogenic free‐living amoebae (PFLA) in simulated natural conditions: The presence of bacteria and organic matter

Bacteria and bovine faecal matter were introduced into cultures of pathogenic free‐living amoebae, with chlorine or chlorine dioxide. The bacteria and faeces were to simulate natural conditions for a more exacting test of disinfectant demand when compared to axenic conditions. Both chlorine and chlorine dioxide were effective disinfectants under all conditions tested. Axenically and monoxenically cultured amoebae were used, the latter exerted a greater disinfectant demand.     

不同地形资料对西南涡降水过程的数值模拟研究

本文仅改变模式下垫面的地形资料,对西南地区降水过程进行模拟试验,通过模拟结果的分析对比,我们认为1)不同地形资料(或是对地形资料进行平滑处理),在地形突变处的差异最为显著。2)地形细微的变化最直接影响的是降水位置,其次是降水强度。3)地形变化之后,短波辐射受到的影响最为直接,感热通量和潜热通量是此消彼长。4)盆地有降水过程时,低层一般盛行东南风,且会在盆地内部产生气旋性弯曲,气流在迎风坡存在明显的辐合,而背风坡则存在明显的辐散。5)地形梯度同样影响对流的发生发展,在地形陡峭处更容易产生强烈的上升运动,地形梯度越缓,气流的爬升能力也越强。总之,地形的微小变化已经可以对降水的落区和强度产生显著的影响。     

岩石爆破的相对损伤与损伤累积计算

为了便于工程应用,利用损伤变量定义,确定既真实反映力学作用过程,又易于获取和进行客观度量损伤变量的一种方法。通过提出的相对损伤概念,用相对损伤变量表示含损伤材料在载荷作用下损伤扩展程度和不同部位的相对损伤程度,使衡量受力作用程度的损伤变量确定更易实现。同时,提出了一种基于裂纹扩展的损伤累积计算方法,并用实例计算说明了其合理可行。