一种GPS周跳探测与修复的组合算法

周跳是影响GPS定位精度的一个重要因素,对周跳的探测与修复一直是个重要问题.首先研究了电离层残差法、宽巷相位减窄巷伪距法两种经典方法的优缺点,提出了一种探测周跳的组合算法.根据周跳的整数特性,利用搜索整数解的思想确定周跳的大小进而修复周跳.经实测数据检验,该算法有效可行,有很强的实用性.     

Representation of agricultural conservation practices with SWAT

Results of modelling studies for the evaluation of water quality impacts of agricultural conservation practices depend heavily on the numerical procedure used to represent the practices. Herein, a method for the representation of several agricultural conservation practices with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is developed and evaluated. The representation procedure entails identifying hydrologic and water quality processes that are affected by practice implementation, selecting SWAT parameters that represent the affected processes, performing a sensitivity analysis to ascertain the sensitivity of model outputs to selected parameters, adjusting the selected parameters based on the function of conservation practices, and verifying the reasonableness of the SWAT results. This representation procedure is demonstrated for a case study of a small agricultural watershed in Indiana in the Midwestern USA. The methods developed in the present work can be applied with other watershed models that employ similar underlying equations to represent hydrologic and water quality processes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

主反射面变形引起的天线指向误差修正方法

射电天线指向精度通常要求小于主波束宽度的1/10, 对于短厘米波段或毫米波段的大口径反射面天线, 指向精度要求高达几个角秒, 对于天线性能目标的实现是个巨大的挑战, 因此对于大口径高频段的反射面天线来说指向问题成为天线性能实现的重要关注焦点. 在众多影响天线指向精度的结构子系统因素中, 对主反射面变形因素的研究很少. 文章结合天线的结构特点建立了反射面空间坐标系统, 并基于变形后主面点的空间坐标值, 提出了3自由度下的非线性最小二乘吻合的方法去精准预测天线指向. 最后利用空间几何关系严格推导出了服务于天线指向误差修正的俯仰和方位的精确调整量, 从而构建了主面变形同指向误差之间的间接关系, 这对大型射电天线指向精度的提升具有一定的指导意义.     

人工边坡治理设计最优坡角确定方法浅析

人工边坡治理包含削坡开挖、坡体加固、土地征用、工程环境等内容，各子项工程成本均与设计开挖坡角有密切关系。作者阐述了设计最优坡角的工程意义，并通过工程技术与成本诸要素分析，提出了最优坡角的确定方法。     

Hydraulic evolution and total suspended solids capture of an infiltration trench

Stormwater best management practice (BMP) design must incorporate the expected long‐term performance from both a water quantity and water quality perspective to sustainably mitigate hydrologic and water quality impacts of development. Infiltration trench structures are one of many infiltration BMPs that reduce runoff volume and capture pollutants. Research on the longevity of these structures is sparse, leading to concerns about their long‐term value and impeding implementation. In the present study, an infiltration trench was monitored from its inception to determine its hydrologic performance over time and total suspended solids (TSS) capture efficiency. The infiltration trench was intentionally undersized to accelerate longevity‐related processes. The infiltration trench provided a 36% TSS removal rate and displayed a distinct decrease in its ability to infiltrate stormwater runoff over the first three years of operation. Results indicate that infiltration through the bottom of the BMP became negligible, while infiltration through the sides of the BMP remained active over the 3‐year study period. The results lead to recommendations for BMP design. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

带时间窗的货物配送方案模型及其软件实现

首先根据原始资料构造货物配送方案的数学模型，其中考虑了行车距离和成本，同时对有时间窗的情况进行了分类处理，然后利用编程进行软件的实现，最后得到了一个可用于教学和科研的货物配送方案管理系统。     

Storm runoff and sediment losses from forest clearcutting and stand re‐establishment with best management practices in East Texas,USA

Nine small (2·5 ha) and four large (70–135 ha) watersheds were instrumented in 1999 to evaluate the effects of intensive silvicultural practices with best management practices (BMPs) on runoff and stream water quality in the Western Gulf Coastal Plain of East Texas, USA. Two treatments were implemented in 2002: a conventional treatment with clearcutting and herbicide site preparation, and an intensive treatment that added subsoiling, fertilization and a release herbicide application. Watershed effects were compared with results from a previously conducted study on the same watersheds in 1981, in which two combinations of harvesting and mechanical site preparation without BMPs were evaluated. Due to the reduction in evapotranspirational demand, total storm runoff increased on all six treated small watersheds following harvest by 0·94 to 13·73 cm in 2003. Runoff increases were not statistically significant on the treated large watersheds. Total first‐year sediment loss was significantly greater on two of the conventional and one of the intensive small watersheds. The greatest first‐year increase was 540·1 kg ha^?1, only one‐fifth of that observed on these watersheds from shearing and windrowing without BMPs in 1981. First‐year sediment loss was significantly greater on the intensive large watershed following harvest, but not on the conventional large watershed. These data suggest that BMPs are very effective in reducing potential water quality impacts from intensive silvicultural practices. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种公共交通的最优路径算法

在总结公交网络特点的基础上,提出了运用“燃烧”算法来计算公共交通系统的最优路径算法.并用一个简化的例子来说明这种算法的流程,最后结合北京公交网络的一些数据,对这种算法以及经典的Dijkstra算法做了几点比较,无论在空间还是时间复杂度上这种算法都大大优于Dijkstra算法.     

关于奇异线性模型最好线性无偏估计的计算

讨论了奇异线性模型最好线性无偏估计(BLUE)的计算问题。利用分块求逆的技术，给出BLUE的一种新的表达式，其计算量比直接利用C．R．Rao所给公式的小。对新表达式的计算，给出半正定矩阵广义逆的分块求逆算法及消去变换算法。     

基于蚁群算法在实际动态路网中搜索最佳路径的应用

最佳路径是实际动态路网中备受关注的话题之一,为了提高出行的效率、缓解交通拥堵的状况,本文对动态路网进行分析研究。通过分析实际动态路网的可通行性及影响因素,针对在理论研究中未结合实际路网中的影响因素而得出的最佳路线不符实际路线中的最优情况,在蚁群算法的基础上,结合实际路况,笔者对其进行改进,该算法可实现计算出一条从起始点到终点的最佳路径,并在Visual Studio 2010中用C#语言设计并验证了该算法,证明了它的正确性和有效性。