浅层地震反射波资料处理在微型计算机上的实现

本文对浅层反射资料的常规处理在微机(Dual 68000。和IBM PC/XT)上的实现做一简单介绍.由于方法原理众所周知,因此只就处理模块的功能和特点以及实际应用作一讨论,并对目前我教研室浅层地震资料处理的软件开发工作和设想作一介绍.     

Frozen Hydrocarbon Particles as a Luminescent Dust Component of Nebular Matter

This paper is a continued examination of luminescence of cosmic dust, in particular the dust in reflecting nebulae. A model of frozen hydrocarbon particles in the form of a nucleus with a polycrystalline mantle is proposed. The basic properties of these particles, as well as the technique for obtaining spectra of the nebula CED 201 on the 2 meter TLS telescope with a Naismith focus spectrograph, are described. Part of the detected unknown emission in the spectrum of CED 201 is identified as photoluminescence of frozen hydrocarbon particles that form part of the dust component of the nebular matter.__________Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 445–453 (August 2005).     

等效偏移距偏移方法在声波反射成像测井中的应用研究(英文)

声波反射成像测井能够获得井眼周围构造的重要信息,然而,由于接收到的反射波信号远小于井眼模式波、信噪比较低,且每次发射只有8道接收,因此应用常规的偏移成像处理方法成像效果不好。本文应用一种基于散射理论的等效偏移距偏移方法,对声波反射成像测井模拟数据及现场数据进行偏移处珲。结果表明,与常规叠后深度偏移方法相比,等效偏移距方法可以有效提高覆盖次数,对于低信噪比的声波反射测井资料可以获得较好的井旁构造成像效果。     

Seismic velocity structure of a large mafic intrusion in the crust of central Denmark from project ESTRID

The origin of regional sedimentary basins is being investigated by the ESTRID project (Explosion Seismic Transects around a Rift In Denmark). This project investigates the mechanisms of the formation of wide, regional basins and their interrelation to previous rifting processes in the Danish–Norwegian Basin in the North Sea region. In May 2004 a 143 km long refraction seismic profile was acquired along the strike direction of a suspected major mafic intrusion in the crust in central Denmark. The data confirms the presence of a body with high seismic velocity (> 6.5 km/s) extending from a depth of  10–12 km depth into the lower crust. There is a remarkable Moho relief between 27 and 34 km depth along this new along-strike profile as based on ray-tracing modelling of PmP reflections. The lack of PmP reflections at a zone of very high velocity in the lowest crust (7.3–7.5 km/s) suggests a possible location of a feeder channel to the batholith. The presence of volcanic rocks of Carboniferous–Permian age above the intrusion (mafic batholith) suggests a similar age of the intrusion. An older obliquely crossing profile and two new fan profiles deployed perpendicular to the main ESTRID profile, show that the batholith is about 30–40 km wide. The existence of this large mafic batholith supports the hypothesis that the origin of the Danish–Norwegian Basin is related to cooling and contraction after intrusion of large amounts of mafic melts into the crust during the late Carboniferous and early Permian. The data and interpretations from project ESTRID will form the basis for subsidence modelling. Tentatively, we interpret the formation of the Danish–Norwegian Basin as a thermal subsidence basin, which developed after widespread rifting of the region.     

日本“311”海啸对江苏北部沿海影响分析

北京时间2011年3月11日13时46分日本东北部发生里氏9.0级强烈地震,江苏北部的灌河口潮位站正好记录下海啸期间的潮位资料。由于以往对海啸波动的过滤提取方法不统一,而且人为因素影响较大,误差积累影响了后续科研工作的进行。提出综合利用小波能谱、功率谱和滤波分析等方法结合海啸识别结果来提取海啸波的方法,并且成功提取出灌河口站海啸波的周期范围、影响时间和最大波峰。同时采用COMCOT海啸数学模型,讨论了江苏沿海海啸波传播方式,解释了灌河口潮位站海啸波最大波峰未出现在第一波的原因,是因为江苏北部山东半岛特殊的地形使得在黄海传播的海啸波发生反射,与之前的波动产生叠加效果导致的。分析结果表明:江苏沿海由于海啸直接引起的海啸波不高,但是海啸波叠加之后,最大波高却是之前的2倍,因此在海啸预报中应该全面考虑地理位置特点,分析海啸波运动的反射叠加等特征,从而提高预报质量。     

梳状防波堤上波浪反射

对梳状沉箱防波堤的波浪反射特征进行研究。在对梳状沉箱防波堤非线性消耗波能机理分析基础上,采用阻抗分析方法,导出一组所有参数都是事先知道的、完全封闭的波反射系数公式。     

Test of Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling across central Uplift of Qiangtang Terrane in Tibetan Plateau

A test of deep seismic reflection profiling across the central uplift or metamorphic belt of the Qiangtang (羌塘) terrane, Tibet plateau, provides a first image of the crustal structure. Complex reflection patterns in the upper crust are interpreted as a series of folds and thrusts, and hivergent reflections in the lower crust may represent a convergence between the Indian and the Eurasian plates.     

Hammer-Impact SH-Wave Seismic Reflection Methods in Neotectonic Investigations: General Observations and Case Histories from the Mississippi Embayment, U.S.A.

Shallow shear-wave seismic reflection imaging, using a sledgehammer and mass energy source and standard processing, has become increasingly common in mapping near-surface geologic features, especially in water-saturated, unconsolidated sediments. Tests of the method in the Mississippi Embayment region of the central United States show Interpretable reflection arrivals in the depth range of <10 m to >100 m with the potential for increased resolution when compared with compresslonal-wave data. Shear-wave reflection profiles were used to help interpret the significance of neotectonic surface deformation at five sites in the Mississippi Embayment. The interpreted profiles show a range of shallow structural styles that include reverse faulting, fault propagation folding, and reactivated normal faulting, and provide crucial subsurface evidence in support of paleuseismologic trenching and shallow drilling.