资源三号测绘卫星影像在基础地理要素快速更新生产中的技术研究

随着我国自主研发的资源三号测绘卫星发射升空,我省基础地理要素更新生产的影像来源问题得到了解决,可以进行常态性更新生产,这使得传统的人工修测更新方法显得力不从心。本文在现有的软硬件的基础上,引入半自动技术,改进当前的生产工艺流程,提高了基础地理要素的更新生产效率。     

四川宣汉天台滑坡的基本特征

天台滑坡是在平缓岩层区由持续暴雨诱发的特大型滑坡,本文论述了滑坡形成的地质条件、滑坡的边界特征、形态特征,以及滑坡的滑体、滑带及滑床特征。     

应对干旱的黄河干流梯级水库群协同调度

科学控制梯级水库蓄泄过程是减少旱灾损失的重要手段。以减少干旱年份流域缺水量和优化缺水时空分布为目标,构建应对干旱的梯级水库群多时空尺度协同优化调度模型。采用交互式与改进粒子群优化方法,外层寻求多年调节水库旱限水位最优控制,内层优化梯级水库群年内蓄泄过程,实现流域水资源年际调控、年内优化、库群协同、空间协调。以2014年的黄河流域重旱为例,通过模型优化提出2012—2014年龙羊峡水库旱限水位及梯级水库群年内蓄泄过程,结果表明:通过龙羊峡水库旱限水位控制实现跨年度补水,控制各年度缺水率在4.9%~5.7%之间,通过水库群出库过程优化控制不同区域各时段缺水均匀分布,将农业缺水率控制在7.0%~11.0%之间,显著减轻了旱灾损失。     

泥岩地层抗浮锚杆试验研究

为探讨泥岩地层全黏结抗浮锚杆荷载传递机理和承载性能,基于陕西安康地区泥岩地层抗浮锚杆现场进行了基本试验和锚杆杆体的轴力测试,试验结果表明:锚杆杆体的轴力分布是不均匀的,从锚杆顶面向深部逐渐减小,且超过一定的长度后不再受力;同时表明锚杆受力时,沿锚固端全长的黏结应力分布也是不均匀的,其有效发挥黏结应力的分布长度有一定限度;确定了该地区泥岩地层中直径为150 mm抗浮锚杆的有效锚固长度、极限黏结强度标准值及8 m长锚固段对黏结强度的影响系数等,为类似泥岩地层抗浮锚杆的设计提供依据。     

试论我国硫铁矿山企业存在的问题及对策

我国硫铁矿山企业存在着制约发展的国际市场竞争剧烈、债务负担不合理、缺乏公平竞争环境与条件等不利的外部因素,且存在历史遗留的一些内部问题。今后企业发展需在提高经营者素质的同时,还应在争取国家政策扶持、积极推进企业改革、实行“债转股”、分离企业办社会的职能,进行产品结构和产业结构调整等方面制定切实的具体措施加以解决。     

Steady-State Configuration and Tension Calculations of Marine Cables Under Complex Currents via Separated Particle Swarm Optimization

Under complex currents, the motion governing equations of marine cables are complex and nonlinear, and the calculations of cable configuration and tension become difficult compared with those under the uniform or simple currents. To obtain the numerical results, the usual Newton?Raphson iteration is often adopted, but its stability depends on the initial guessed solution to the governing equations. To improve the stability of numerical calculation, this paper proposed separated the particle swarm optimization, in which the variables are separated into several groups, and the dimension of search space is reduced to facilitate the particle swarm optimization. Via the separated particle swarm optimization, these governing nonlinear equations can be solved successfully with any initial solution, and the process of numerical calculation is very stable. For the calculations of cable configuration and tension of marine cables under complex currents, the proposed separated swarm particle optimization is more effective than the other particle swarm optimizations.     

我国数字地理空间框架建设的形势与任务

数字地理空间框架建设是构建数字中国的重要基础性工作,是测绘部门面临的紧迫任务。本文总结了"十一五"以来数字地理空间框架建设取得的主要进展,分析了存在的主要问题和面临的机遇挑战,研究提出了下一步数字地理空间框架建设的基本思路、主要任务和对策措施。     

加强测绘监管,维护国家基础地理信息安全

基础地理信息已成为信息化战争的基础,加强测绘监管是维护国家安全的现实需要。本文介绍了基础地理信息在信息化战争的作用,分析了基础地理信息安全现状,并提出了加强测绘监管的具体建议。     

基于AutoCAD的海底浅地层剖面成图方法

研究了基于AutoCAD二次开发进行海底浅地层剖面计算机成图的方法,设计了包含数据输入、坐标提取、投影计算及自动加载等功能的VBA程序,实现了海底浅地层剖面的计算机自动成图。     

Seismic comprehensive forecast based on modified project pursuit regression

In the research of projection pursuit for seismic comprehensive forecast, the algorithm of projection pursuit regression (PPR) is one of most applicable methods. But generally, the algorithm structure of the PPR is very complicated. By partial smooth regressions for many times, it has a large amount of calculation and complicated extrapolation, so it is easily trapped in partial solution. On the basis of the algorithm features of the PPR method, some solutions are given as below to aim at some shortcomings in the PPR calculation: to optimize project direction by using particle swarm optimization instead of Gauss-Newton algorithm, to simplify the optimal process with fitting ridge function by using Hermitian polynomial instead of piecewise linear regression. The overall optimal ridge function can be obtained without grouping the parameter optimization. The modeling capability and calculating accuracy of projection pursuit method are tested by means of numerical emulation technique on the basis of particle swarm optimization and Hermitian polynomial, and then applied to the seismic comprehensive forecasting models of poly-dimensional seismic time series and general disorder seismic samples. The calculation and analysis show that the projection pursuit model in this paper is characterized by simplicity, celerity and effectiveness. And this model is approved to have satisfactory effects in the real seismic comprehensive forecasting, which can be regarded as a comprehensive analysis method in seismic comprehensive forecast.