中国地质灾害类型、分布及防治建议

本文提出了中国地质灾害的空间分类和成因分类系统,并根据13类常见的地质灾害组合类型进行了区划,基本上反映了我国高原、山地、内陆盆地、平原及滨海地区地质灾害的地带性和地区性分布规律,以小比例尺图显示了中国地质灾害的类型与分布。该图共划分为11个地质灾害区。在此基础上初步论述了1949—1990年间我国崩塌、滑坡、泥石流灾害的主要受灾地区和受灾损失。最后,根据当前形势,提出了减灾、防灾的对策意见和建议。     

论地方地震科研工作的制约因素及改革对策

本文列据说明地方地震科技队伍是一支重要力量，但与专业地震科学队伍相比较，因制约因素多，存在很大差距，要发挥地方地震科学队伍的作用，必须走改革之路，在认识上、组织上、步调上应该协调统一，以达到专群，上下真正结合。     

宝鸡市地质灾害特征及形成主要因素分析

介绍了宝鸡市地质灾害的类型、规模及特征,并着重分析了宝鸡市地质灾害形成的主要因素。认为虽然造成区内地质灾害发生的因素甚多,但近年来大多与人为因素诱发有关。因此,在国土开发和国民经济建设中,应重视对地质环境的保护,避免因人类不适宜的活动而诱发地质灾害。     

能源基地晋陕蒙接壤地区地质环境质量定量研究

本文基于地质环境是由诸多因素有机组合而成,其质量也是各因素质量的复杂组合,是一种模糊现象,难以精确评价,但又存在明显差异的认识,采用模糊数学理论,即以环境地质亚区为单元,考虑多因素的综合影响。采用数量化的动态聚类法,对晋陕蒙接壤地区地质环境质量进行了评价:包括自然条件下地质环境质量评价和煤炭、水资源开发后地质环境质量的相对变化评价。     

凉山州富铁矿资源的分布及开发

凉山州境内的富铁矿按成因可分为火山型、热液型、沉积变质型、沉积型等类型,本文逐一对其分布、地质特征及规模等方面进行了叙述和总结;对主要富铁矿产地和储量作了统计,并介绍了主要矿区开发现状及经济效益。提出了今后矿山开发、资源保扩及寻找富铁矿的建议。     

Tensile strength of rock by the double-punch method

Summary This paper presents an experimental study of the newly developed double-punch test method for determination of the tensile strength of rocks. The method for preparation of test specimens and test procedure is reported and discussed. Comparisons of tensile strength determined from double-punch and split-cylinder tests are also presented.With 5 Figures     

NON-LINEAR CRITICAL LAYER IN EL NINO AND LA NINA YEARS AND FORMATION, MAINTENTENANCE AND OSCILLATION OF THE SUBTROPICAL HIGH

Monthly mean zonal wind data from the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting(ECMWF)for December 1982, April 1983, October 1984 and ApriI 1985 are used in numerical integration as thebasic flow in a non-linear critical-layer model. The subtropical high is extensive and limited in number if simulated with the basic now in December 1982 and April 1983. It consists of 2 to 3 cells that move westward at alloscillatory periods of 1～2 months. The subtropical high, simulated with the basic flow in October 1984 and April1 985. is weak and small in coverage, or distributed in strips that contain up to 4 cells. The high. merged or spillover a short time. is moving westward. The years 1982 ～1983 are a process of EI Niño while the years 1984-1985one of La Niña. lt is known from the chart of energy flux that it oscillates by a much larger amplitude and longerperiod in the EI Niño year than in the La Niña year. All the results above have indicated that the basic flow in the EI Niño year is enhancing the subtropical high lagging by about 4 months and that in the La Niña year is decay'ing it. It is consiStent with the well-known observational fact that the SSTA in the equatorial eastern Pacitlc ispositively correlated with the extent and intensity of the subtropical high in west Pacific lagging by 1～2 seasons.The result is also important for further study of the formation, maintenance and oscillation of the subtropicalhigh.     

陕西勉略宁地区致矿地质异常场结构及找矿预测

陕西勉略宁“三角区”构造块体呈楔状夹持在秦岭微板块,扬子陆块和松潘甘孜褶皱带之间,目前已探讨明多种矿产,成矿作用 了自新太古代以来不同构造体抽下的多次构造,岩浆热事件和变质变形的复杂的地质作用,使致矿地质异常场结构复杂化。     

嵩县雷门沟金矿地质特征及次生富集作用

本文从三条典型含金蚀变破碎带入手 ,通过对其次生富集带的分析、对比、归纳 ,揭示出次生富集带的深度、厚度和品位变化规律 ,并进一步从理论上阐明次生富集带的形成机理。     

既找矿又开矿搞活地勘单位：赴疆考察的认识和体会

“六五”和“七五”期间,新疆地矿局强化了地质找矿的科学管理,充分发挥了地质科技在找矿中的先导作用,争取到了一个好的外部环境,取得了地质找矿的重大突破。他们既找矿又开矿,以找矿促开发,走找矿与开矿结合的道路,实行探、采、工、贸一体化,创造了搞活地勘单位,振兴地方经济的成功经验。