铁路既有线复测平面曲线分区新方法

在对既有铁路复测数据进行分区、拟合和优化处理过程中,线路曲线的准确分区是其他工作的基础.考虑到现有的基于正矢分区方法精度不高,基于超高分区方法精度较高,但由于不容易准确获取超高和对应里程,导致其使用的局限性.为了实现轨道平面曲线的准确分区,提出一种基于平面曲线定长弦斜率变化和平面曲线线形特征的分区新方法.实例计算表明,方法分区精度高、效率高,能广泛应用于既有铁路复测平面曲线分区处理.     

黄河口附近护岸工程的风险分析

护岸工程在建造和运营中 ,经常会遇到各种风险。为了保护胜利油田陆上的油气开发设施 ,应用风险分析技术对黄河口附近护岸 (海堤 )工程的风险进行了探讨 ,并提出了该海区护岸工程防范风险的对策     

Semi-automated bathymetric spectral decomposition delineates the impact of mass wasting on the morphological evolution of the continental slope,offshore Israel

Understanding continental-slope morphological evolution is essential for predicting basin deposition. However, separating the imprints and chronology of different seafloor shaping processes is difficult. This study explores the utility of bathymetric spectral decomposition for separating and characterizing the variety of interleaved seafloor imprints of mass wasting, and clarifying their role in the morphological evolution of the southeastern Mediterranean Sea passive-margin slope. Bathymetric spectral decomposition, integrated with interpretation of seismic profiles, highlights the long-term shape of the slope and separates the observed mass transport elements into several genetic groups: (1) a series of ~25 km wide, now-buried slide scars and lobes; (2) slope-parallel bathymetric scarps representing shallow faults; (3) slope-perpendicular, open slope slide scars; (4) bathymetric roughness representing debris lobes; (5) slope-confined gullies. Our results provide a multi-scale view of the interplay between sediment transport, mass transport and shallow faulting in the evolution of the slope morphology. The base of the slope and focused disturbances are controlled by ~1 km deep salt retreat, and mimic the Messinian base of slope. The top of the open-slope is delimited by faults, accommodating internal collapse of the margin. The now-buried slides were slope-confined and presumably cohesive, and mostly nucleated along the upper-slope faults. Sediment accumulations, infilling the now-buried scars, generated more recent open-slope slides. These latter slides transported ~10 km³ of sediments, depositing a significant fraction (~3 m in average) of the sediments along the base of the studied slope during the past < 50 ka. South to north decrease in the volume of the open-slope slides highlight their role in counterbalancing the northwards diminishing sediment supply and helping to maintain a long-term steady-state bathymetric profile. The latest phase slope-confined gullies were presumably created by channelling of bottom currents into slide-scar depressions, possibly establishing incipient canyon headword erosion.     

高速公路路基边坡环境综合治理

随着我国高速公路建设的全面展开,环境保护越来越引起业内人士的高度重视。通过对综合治理思路和方法的阐述和总结,以引起业内共鸣,从而推动我国高速公路建设早日走上“生态高速”的道路。     

营盘山采场下盘最终边坡境界的技术经济分析

通过对组成营盘山采区岩体的工程地质特性的分析及安全系数的计算，提出修改营盘山采区下盘边坡境界和提高边坡角的可能性，并进行了技术经济分析。     

坡面天文辐射日总量临界坡度的研究

就坡面天文辐射日总量而言,在一定纬度、坡向和时段范围内,可能存在坡面天文辐射日总量等于同纬度的水平面上天文辐射日总量的坡度,即临界坡度。临界坡度不仅存在于向阳坡,也存在于背阴坡。一般而言,中低纬度的坡面,临界坡度只有一个,在从地面到临界坡度的坡度范围内,天文辐射日总量大于水平面上的天文辐射日总量。特别地,在春秋分时,在纬度0~45°之间的南坡存在临界坡度,而且临界坡度等于坡面所在纬度的2倍。而极圈内的中高纬度,可能存在2个甚至3个临界坡度。     

A Lower Cretaceous clastic slope succession, Livingston Island, Antarctica: sand-body characteristics, depositional processes and implications for slope apron depositional models

The early Cretaceous fill of the forearc/intra-arc Byers Basin includes a 600- to 900-m-thick interval of marine slope apron deposits, the President Beaches Formation. This is a predominantly argillaceous succession within which coarser-grained deposits are largely confined to lenticular packages of low width–thickness ratios. The entire formation was deposited in mid- to late-Berriasian times, coincident with a pulse of regional arc expansion, at minimum mean accumulation rates of 120–225 mm 1000 years^–1. The mudstones are finely laminated, with a restricted benthic macrofauna and minimal bioturbation, indicating relatively inhospitable sea-floor environments. Sand-rich packages occur as 7- to 30-m-thick channel-fill units composed chiefly of classical medium-grained turbidites, in some cases associated with complex high-concentration turbidity current deposits and minor mud-rich debrites. These sand-bodies are apparently elongate along (normal to) the NW-facing palaeoslope implied by slump-fold axes (and the strike of the volcanic arc). Similarly, palaeocurrent indices show a consistent arc-parallel, NE-directed trend, suggesting that transport processes were strongly influenced by the structural 'grain' of the irregular slope morphology. Slope instability is recorded by widespread slump and soft-sediment collapse features promoted by a combination of steep sea-floor gradients and relatively high rates of sedimentation. A lack of systematic vertical facies trends indicates that this was not a progradational or well-organized system, despite high rates of sediment supply. However, the strong systematic relationship between palaeocurrents and palaeoslope suggests a promising basis for evaluating organization in otherwise poorly ordered slope apron depositional systems.     

天津海河护岸工程斜拉锚施工

介绍了海河护岸加固工程斜拉锚的设计参数,施工投入的设备、施工工艺、工程质量保证以及相应技术措施     

塔里木盆地阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡走滑断裂构造特征及油气地质意义

塔里木盆地阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡发育大量走滑断裂。走滑断裂的几何学、运动学特征对油气的运移和富集起到了重要控制作用。本文以东南斜坡S118- AT22- YUKE2断裂、S113- AT13- YUKE3断裂、AT20断裂、AT18- YUKE5断裂为研究对象,依据中小尺度走滑断裂精细解析技术,对走滑断裂在不同层系的变形特征、平面分段性、断裂体系活动强度、后期活动性、通源性、演化模式和成因机制开展精细解析,结合生产动态资料研究其油气地质意义。阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡走滑断裂在垂向上呈深层线性断裂与浅层雁列式断裂组合的变形结构。中—下奥陶统发育的走滑断裂在平面上具有明显分段特征。阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡走滑断裂相对活动强度西强东弱,由北向南呈强—弱—次强的特征;晚海西期—燕山期断裂活动性近SN—NE向断裂体系强于NNE—NNW向断裂体系;断裂通源性受控于早期裂谷,主干断裂通源性优于次级断裂,NNE—NNW向断裂体系的主干断裂通源性优于近SN—NE向断裂体系,但次级断裂通源性较差。NNE—NNW向和近SN—NE向断裂体系都形成于中加里东期,NEE向断裂形成于晚加里东期—早海西期,东南斜坡走滑断裂经历了中加里东期、晚加里东期—早海西期、中晚海西期、印支期—燕山期多期构造活动垂向叠加,NNE向和近SN向主干断裂滑移方向相反是由于破裂方式的不同。阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡烃源岩排烃期为晚海西期—喜马拉雅期,断裂活动期与排烃期的耦合有利于油气充注;断裂活动强度控制了通源性和储集体规模,进而控制了油气富集程度。后期活动明显、断裂活动强、通源性好的走滑断裂是下一步勘探的有利目标。     

对渐进三角网点云数据滤波算法的改进

针对渐进三角网滤波算法(PTD)进行拓普康LiDAR点云数据处理过程中易将地物点误判为地面点的缺陷,本文提出两种改进方法。一种是采用局部坡度拟合法对PDT算法进行改进,将点云数据按高程值与拟合坡面法求解的拟合高程值的差由小到大进行排序,将为地面点可能性更大的点优先判定,从而获取更加精确的TIN;另一种是引入薄板样条曲线(TPS)插值法,对PTD算法进行改进,将PTD中候选点判断参数改为TPS法中的弯曲能量增长值,从而减少误判。结果表明,使用以上两种改进算法,综合考虑第1类误差和第2类误差影响,在大部分地形特征下比传统PTD算法表现更优,对低矮植被、桥、斜坡等特殊地物的滤波效果更佳。