河南省灵宝市枪马金矿床地质特征及深部成矿潜力分析

枪马金矿位于河南省灵宝市,矿床产出受太华群变质岩、岩浆岩和构造等多种因素的控制。金矿体以石英脉型为主,次为蚀变岩型,矿体在倾向上和走向上均具有尖灭再现的特点,并具有向SE侧伏的规律。枪马金矿区的深部具有较好的成矿前景和找矿潜力。     

中国硅化木的地质特征及其开发利用

硅化木分布于我国新疆、浙江等20余省,规模、数量巨大,颜色绚丽。矿物成分以石英及其变种为主,含10多种微量元素和多种氨基酸,主要形成于侏罗纪、白垩纪。其成因是在有大量树木资源,适宜古气候及丰富的高浓度可溶性S iO2等环境中快速缺氧埋藏综合作用的结果。具有重要的科学、经济价值。     

小秦岭北缘马家洼石英脉型金钼矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其意义

马家洼金钼矿床位于小秦岭北缘,矿体发育在由近东西向脆韧性断裂构造带控制的石英脉中。对该矿床辉钼矿样品进行的Re-Os同位素年代学研究表明:模式年龄范围是232.5～268.4 Ma,等时线年龄为(232±11)Ma,即钼成矿作用时代为早、中三叠世。辉钼矿样品的Re含量范围是(0.474～0.791)×10~(-6),初始~(187)Os/~(188)Os比值为2.4±6.4,Re-Os同位素组成特征指示了成矿物质主要来源于地壳。马家洼石英脉型金钼矿床是区域伸展体制下构造-流体成矿事件的产物。在华北板块南缘太古宙基底岩系中的脆韧性断裂构造带中寻找印支期和燕山期石英脉型金钼矿床和钼矿床是一个新的找矿方向。     

重液法分离密度差值很小的单矿物的技术及其应用

介绍了密度差值很小的单矿物的分离技术方法,并利用重液折光率千分位和万分位的细微区别分离单矿物石英和绢云母。该方法由石英与长英质混合物的分离技术,推广到绢云母与绢云母长英质混合物的分离技术,改进后的重液分离技术具有快速、高效、经济的特点。当重液的折光率为1.577～1.580时,石英的分离纯度能达到95﹪～99﹪;当重液的折光率为1.5895～1.5840时,绢云母的分离纯度能达到90﹪～99﹪。     

Estimating quartz fabrics from piezoelectric measurements

An aggregate of piezoelectric minerals may itself be piezoelectric if the minerals are suitably aligned. Thus quartz-bearing rocks may be piezoelectric, since quartz is one such mineral. It has been shown that some rocks do possess this effect, termed a piezoelectric fabric (Bishop, 1981). The type of piezoelectric fabric may be determined by matching experimental data to theoretical models of piezoelectric fabrics. These theoretical models of pure quartz aggregates are derived by considering the symmetry of the preferred crystallographic directions of the aggregate grains. From the symmetry, the piezoelectric matrix of the model may be determined. The best-fitting model and the orientation of its fabric is obtained by equating the experimental data to each model in turn. For each model, the best fitting fabric orientation is determined by using an inversion routine. If the experimental data are due to a piezoelectric fabric and not to some random or nonpolar distribution of grains, the fabric type (c-axis point maximum or large-circle girdle) and its orientation with respect to the specimen may be determined. The positions and polarities of the quartz a-axes are also specified. A statistical examination of results from a quartz-mylonite shows that the problem of piezoelectric model fitting is well posed, in that the Eulerian angles that specify the fabric orientation are fairly independent important parameters and a sufficiently close fit of the model to the data can be obtained to determine the fabric.     

Caractérisation par résonance paramagnétique électronique (RPE) de quartz naturels issus de différentes sources

Natural quartz crystals coming from Madagascar, Angola, Brazil, and Spain were studied by EPR after β irradiation in order to characterise the paramagnetic centres due to impurities, and examine in which way their relative proportion could constitute a useful criterion for origin researches. In all our samples, EPR experiments revealed germanium centres [GeO₄/M⁺]° with M = Li or Na, aluminium ones [AlO₄/h]° and two titanium centres ([TiO₄/H⁺]° and [TiO₄/M⁺]°) also appeared, except for samples coming from Spain. The comparison of the relative concentrations of paramagnetic species led us on to draw diagrams that allowed distinguishing the origins of the studied samples using only EPR spectra. To cite this article: M. Duttine et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 949–955.     

褶皱过程中含金石英脉形成的构造机制——以广西龙水金矿石英脉的成因研究为例

本文以广西龙水水政顶倾竖褶皱构造变形分析为基础,根据含金石英脉与非含金石英脉的变形差异,认为作用于岩层上的主剪切应力(σ_s)与主压缩应力(σ_p)随时间(t)的变化是导致岩层褶皱过程中石英脉多样性变形的主因;阐述了上述模型的动态应力场及其动力学过程;提出了构造变形的分解作用、水力压裂作用与裂开-愈合作用是石英脉形成的新构造机制。     

粉石英在微孔硅酸钙保温材料中的应用研究

本文介绍了一种新的优质硅质原料－－粉石英，着重探讨了它的矿物组成、粒度分布、物化性质及其合成硅酸钙的试验。试验结果表明，粉石英与石在高温、高压和搅拌的条件下，可以合成硅硅钙石型优质微孔硅酸钙制品。为微孔硅酸钙行业开发了一种新的质优、价廉的硅质原料。     

北亚热带江淮地区白浆化土壤的发生学特性

通过孢子花粉、石英砂颗粒和土壤微形态学分析,研究北亚热带江淮地区白浆化土壤的发生学特性。白浆化土壤下部土体经历了暖温带森林草原景观和亚热带草原景观,为高能化学环境。在母质沉积后,经历了褐土化过程或其他物质堆积,经过一定时期的沉积间断后,堆积新物质,随着气候的变化,成土环境演变为现代气候类型,属亚热带森林草原环境。淀积层也源于黄土状物质,风化程度更强,白浆层则为后期堆积物,不具备高能化学环境。淀积层在高能环境下,存在次生粘化和淀积粘化作用。     

Raman spectroscopy of natural silica in Chicxulub impactite,MexicoSpectroscopie Raman de silices naturelles dans l'impactite de Chicxulub,Mexique

A series of natural silica impactite samples from Chicxulub (Mexico) was investigated by Raman microprobe (RMP) analysis. The data yield evidence for high-pressure shock metamorphism in the rock. The impactite contains three polymorphs of silica: the original α-quartz, and two high-pressure varieties – coesite and disordered quartz representing various degrees of crystallinity. We found systematic changes in frequencies and half-widths of the Raman bands, caused by increasing irregularities of bond-lengths and bond-angles and a general breaking-up of the structure as a result of impact events. Therefore, RMP is an adequate tool for measuring the crystallinity of disordered quartz. The half-width Γ and the frequency ω of the symmetric SiOSi stretching vibrational band (A₁ mode) of the SiO₄ tetrahedra are the most amenable parameters for estimating the degree of crystallinity. In well-crystallized quartz, Γ=5 cm^?1 and ω=464 cm^?1, while in highly disordered quartz this line shifts up to ω=455 cm^?1 and broadens up to Γ=30 cm^?1. The Raman lineshapes appear to depend strongly on the degree of lattice disorder subsequent to impact events. To cite this article: M. Ostroumov et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 21–26