泡沫轻质材料试验研究的均匀设计方法及配方优化

泡沫轻质材料是一种用于岩土工程的新型材料。采用均匀试验设计方法进行材料的配方试验,运用多元非线性回归方法进行方差分析,分析了试验因素的主效应和因素间的交互效应,并建立有约束的非线性规划问题,采用最优化方法进行寻优计算,得出满足工程要求的最优配比。     

基于灰色预测和神经网络的城市建设用地量预测

采用灰色预测和NARMA(p，q)递归网络模型预测相结合的方法，对城市建设用地量预测值进行神经网络组合预测，在杭州市的实际应用中得到了较好的结果。     

为社会进步服务的测绘高新技术

当今正值国民经济快速发展,科技创新不断涌现。测绘地理信息技术在人类生活中发挥了越来越大的作用,渐渐地形成了跨界发展,越来越多的行业与测绘地理信息技术建立联系。现如今,社会各行各业的发展已经离不开测绘地理信息行业的服务保障,与此同时,随着互联网时代的深度变革,云计算、大数据、人工智能、虚实融合等智能化技术的发展在测绘行业不断渗透,并与测绘地理信息技术相互融合,取得了很多创新性成果。     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定黄铁矿和黄铜矿中的铁铜硫

样品用王水水浴和HCl-HNO3-HF-HClO4敞开酸溶两种溶矿方式分解,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定黄铜矿和黄铁矿中铁、铜、硫。应用称重法配制标准溶液,明显地降低了在标准溶液在逐级稀释过程中由于体积读数等原因产生的误差。样品用王水水浴分解,消解时间短,试剂加入量少,分析步骤简单;由于硫化矿石中Fe的一部分可能与Si结合,王水无法将其全部溶解,对于Fe的测定采用混合酸敞开酸溶。王水水浴溶矿方式选择浓王水作为溶剂,在混合酸敞开溶矿方式的溶解盐类阶段选择浓HCl作为溶剂。确定了ICP-AES法测定高含量(x%～xx%)的铁、铜、硫适用的光谱谱线,稀释倍数为1000。两种样品处理方法操作简便,准确度好,精密度高。经国家一级标准物质GBW 07267(黄铁矿)、GBW 07268(黄铜矿)验证,经混合酸敞开酸溶处理后硫的测定结果偏低,准确度分别为-9.48%和-18%,铁和铜的精密度(RSD,n=5)均小于2%。GBW 07268(黄铁矿)、GBW 07267(黄铜矿)用王水水浴法处理,连续测定10次的短期稳定性,精密度(RSD)小于2%。     

含反射裂纹沥青路面的动力响应分析

考虑了沥青的黏弹性,结合动力学理论,以动态应力强度因子 (dynamic stress intensity factor, DSIF)为表征参量,主要探讨含裂缝沥青路面结构在垂直载荷作用下的动力学特性,其中包括车辆行驶速度、阻尼比、基层回弹模量等因素对 的影响;同时考虑车辆对路面的水平载荷和垂直载荷共同作用下对 的影响。结果表明：车辆高速运行对道路影响要比低速运行影响小;随着阻尼比的增加, 值降低; 的大小对基层模量很敏感,基层模量越大, 值也越大;当有水平载荷与垂直载荷共同作用时, 的峰值有较大提高,而且对道路体系剪应力和拉应力影响显著。     

PATRONAGE RATES OF SUPERMARKET SHOPPING CENTERS,SAN ANTONIO,TEXAS*

The neighborhood supermarket shopping center is an increasingly important element of the suburban retail landscape. An analysis of patronage differentials for such centers in San Antonio, TX, reveals that both competitive share and retail mix factors are important. Correlation analysis of a patronage density index with locational and management variables indicates that center and store visibility, distance from a regional mall, retail mix (offering of goods appropriate to a small center), and size of center (smaller is better) were the most important explanatory factors in center viability.     

Social mix revisited: within- and across-neighborhood ties between ethnic minorities of differing socioeconomic backgrounds

Creating social mix in neighborhoods has been an important urban policy during the past years. The aim is the development of category-crossing ties between the middle and lower classes. However, studies found little evidence of such ties. This paper identifies two reasons why this might be the case. First, studies usually analyze the resource flow from native middle classes to disadvantaged residents. Second, the resource flow is analyzed within one neighborhood only. Based on interviews and network analysis with second generation, upwardly mobile Turkish-Germans in Berlin, I show that they act as cultural and language brokers, benefiting lower class co-ethnics. They provide exactly the information and resources to people with a lower class background that are envisioned by social mixing programs. Moreover, the resource flow occurs within but also across neighborhoods, whereby ‘second neighborhoods’ such as the previous neighborhood or the neighborhood where the workplace is located are particularly important.     

吐拉盆地侏罗系油砂和沥青的地球化学特征

吐拉盆地是中国西北地区的一个侏罗系沉积盆地 ,中生代时 ,与柴达木盆地连为一体。吐拉盆地J3油砂和沥青在有机地球化学特征上与J1-2 泥岩极为相近 ,表明这些沥青和油气是由J1-2 泥岩中干酪根热降解而成。这一研究结果对于指导柴达木西北缘侏罗系油气勘探具有重要的意义。     

温度对沥青混凝土力学特性的影响

沥青混凝土是现代水利工程中作为防水心墙的主要材料。通过室内高压温控三轴仪对两种沥青含量的沥青混凝土在不同温度下分别进行力学特性试验,研究温度对其力学性质的影响。试验结果表明：试件的应力-应变特性与温度有密切关系,试验温度为0℃时沥青混凝土出现应力软化现象,但随着温度的升高,应力软化现象消失,应力硬化现象呈现;同一沥青含量下,温度越高,最大偏应力越小;试件的抗剪强度随温度的升高逐渐降低;试件的蠕变随温度的升高而增大。     

Metal Retention Experiments for the Design of Soil‐Mix Technology Permeable Reactive Barriers

Soil‐mix technology is effective for the construction of permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) for in situ groundwater treatment. The objective of this study was to perform initial experiments for the design of soil‐mix technology PRBs according to (i) sorption isotherm, (ii) reaction kinetics and (iii) mass balance of the contaminants. The four tested reactive systems were: (i) a granular zeolite (clinoptilolite–GZ), (ii) a granular organoclay (GO), (iii) a 1:1‐mixture GZ and model sandy clayey soil and (iv) a 1:1:1‐mixture of GZ, GO and model soil. The laboratory experiments consisted of batch tests (volume 900 mL and sorbent mass 18 g) with a multimetal solution of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni. For the adsorption experiment, the initial concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 0.5 mM (2.5 to 30 mg/L). The maximum metal retention was measured in a batch test (300 mg/L for each metal, volume 900 mL, sorbent mass 90–4.5 g). The reactive material efficiency order was found to be GZ > GZ‐soil mix > GZ‐soil‐GO mix > GO. Langmuir isotherms modelled the adsorption, even in presence of a mixed cations solution. Adsorption was energetically favourable and spontaneous in all cases. Metals were removed according to the second order reaction kinetics; GZ and the 1:1‐mix were very similar. The maximum retention capacity was 0.1–0.2 mmol/g for Pb in the presence of clinoptilolite; for Cu, Zn, Cd and Ni, it was below 0.05 mmol/g for the four reactive systems. Mixing granular zeolite, organoclay and model soil increased the chemisorption. Providing that GZ is reactive enough for the specific conditions, GZ can be mixed to obtain the required sorption. Granular clinoptilolite addition to soil is recommended for PRBs for metal contaminated groundwater.