全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8099篇 |
免费 | 821篇 |
国内免费 | 918篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 2149篇 |
大气科学 | 751篇 |
地球物理 | 1878篇 |
地质学 | 1853篇 |
海洋学 | 906篇 |
天文学 | 111篇 |
综合类 | 769篇 |
自然地理 | 1421篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 56篇 |
2023年 | 160篇 |
2022年 | 392篇 |
2021年 | 456篇 |
2020年 | 413篇 |
2019年 | 434篇 |
2018年 | 247篇 |
2017年 | 317篇 |
2016年 | 317篇 |
2015年 | 328篇 |
2014年 | 387篇 |
2013年 | 514篇 |
2012年 | 456篇 |
2011年 | 429篇 |
2010年 | 348篇 |
2009年 | 408篇 |
2008年 | 435篇 |
2007年 | 532篇 |
2006年 | 474篇 |
2005年 | 382篇 |
2004年 | 356篇 |
2003年 | 312篇 |
2002年 | 270篇 |
2001年 | 253篇 |
2000年 | 193篇 |
1999年 | 178篇 |
1998年 | 177篇 |
1997年 | 123篇 |
1996年 | 88篇 |
1995年 | 86篇 |
1994年 | 90篇 |
1993年 | 66篇 |
1992年 | 36篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 29篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有9838条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Pattern recognition in road networks can be used for different applications, including spatiotemporal data mining, automated map generalization, data matching of different levels of detail, and other important research topics. Grid patterns are a common pattern type. This paper proposes and implements a method for grid pattern recognition based on the idea of mesh classification through a supervised learning process. To train the classifier, training datasets are selected from worldwide city samples with different cultural, historical, and geographical environments. Meshes are subsequently labeled as composing or noncomposing grids by participants in an experiment, and the mesh measures are defined while accounting for the mesh’s individual characteristics and spatial context. The classifier is generated using the C4.5 algorithm. The accuracy of the classifier is evaluated using Kappa statistics and the overall rate of correctness. The average Kappa value is approximately 0.74, which corresponds to a total accuracy of 87.5%. Additionally, the rationality of the classifier is evaluated in an interpretation step. Two other existing grid pattern recognition methods were also tested on the datasets, and comparison results indicate that our approach is effective in identifying grid patterns in road networks. 相似文献
32.
Erik H. Schmidt Budhendra L. Bhaduri Nicholas Nagle Bruce A. Ralston 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(6):860-879
For many researchers, government agencies, and emergency responders, access to the geospatial data of US electric power infrastructure is invaluable for analysis, planning, and disaster recovery. Historically, however, access to high quality geospatial energy data has been limited to few agencies because of commercial licenses restrictions, and those resources which are widely accessible have been of poor quality, particularly with respect to reliability. Recent efforts to develop a highly reliable and publicly accessible alternative to the existing datasets were met with numerous challenges – not the least of which was filling the gaps in power transmission line voltage ratings. To address the line voltage rating problem, we developed and tested a basic methodology that fuses knowledge and techniques from power systems, geography, and machine learning domains. Specifically, we identified predictors of nominal voltage that could be extracted from aerial imagery and developed a tree-based classifier to classify nominal line voltage ratings. Overall, we found that line support height, support span, and conductor spacing are the best predictors of voltage ratings, and that the classifier built with these predictors had a reliable predictive accuracy (that is, within one voltage class for four out of the five classes sampled). We applied our approach to a study area in Minnesota. 相似文献
33.
The identification and analysis of natural channel networks from digital elevation models are discussed from the point of view of their environmental applications. An interactive, graphical software package that implements some of the most widely used techniques for the automatic recognition of channel networks and for the computation of some useful geomorphologic indices and functions is presented. 相似文献
34.
中国城市信息网络结构演变特征及驱动因素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
信息流能够客观反映城市社会经济联系,对城市网络研究具有重要价值。基于2011、2014和2017年中国城市间信息关注度数据,利用社会网络分析法,从网络密度、中心度、城市联系等方面分析中国城市网络结构的演变特征及其驱动因素,研究表明:1)城市信息网络结构明显拓展但网络总体联系强度仍较低;省域内部信息联系强度高于跨区域联系,信息联系仍受行政区划的影响较大。2)网络节点中心度显著提高,热点区主要集中在东部沿海三大城市群;中西部部分区域核心城市如重庆、成都、郑州等成长为全国性核心城市,但中西部地区城市信息发展仍与东部地区差距较大。3)信息联系层级分布特征明显,并呈现局部区域联系紧密、区域一体化特征;核心网络由以北京、上海为核心的“轴-辐”结构演变为以“北京-上海-广深-成渝”为核心的“菱形”结构。4)信息化水平、经济发展基础、城市职能等互补性因素,网络营销、大事件效应等介入性因素及信息技术变革、城市群建设等高效性因素相互作用,共同促进信息网络结构优化重组。 相似文献
35.
36.
空中三角测量数据主要是为摄影测量提供定向框架数据,其质量决定最终产品的质量。笔者结合生产实践中遇到的实际问题,对提高空中三角测量数据成果质量的3个关键环节——航外控制测量,航内控制点量测,外业控制点的残差分析、空中三角测量成果检查及评定的重要性进行了阐述。 相似文献
37.
ESCOBAR Luis E. ROMERO-ALVAREZ Daniel LARKIN Daniel J. PHELPS Nicholas B. D. 《海洋湖沼学报(英文)》2019,(3):1037-1041
Often facilitated by human-mediated pathways,aquatic invasive species are a threat to the health and biodiversity of global ecosystems.We present a novel approach incorporating survey data of watercraft movement in a social network analysis to reconstruct potential pathways of aquatic invasive species spread between lakes.As an example,we use the green alga Nitellopsis obtusa,also known as starry stonewort,an aquatic invasive species affecting the Great Lakes region in the United States and Canada.The movement of algal fragments via human-mediated pathways(i.e.,watercraft)has been hypothesized as the primary driver of starry stonewort invasion.We used survey data collected at boat ramps during the 2013 and 2014 openwater seasons to describe the flow of watercraft from Lake Koronis,where N.obtusa was first detected in Minnesota,to other lakes in the state.Our results suggest that the risk of N.obtusa expansion is not highly constrained by geographic proximity and management efforts should consider highly connected lakes.Estimating human movement via network analysis may help to explain past and future routes of aquatic invasive species infestation between lakes and can improve evidence-based prevention and control efforts. 相似文献
38.
ESCOBAR Luis E. ROMERO-ALVAREZ Daniel LARKIN Daniel J. PHELPS Nicholas B. D. 《海洋湖沼学报(英文)》2019,(3):1037-1041
Often facilitated by human-mediated pathways,aquatic invasive species are a threat to the health and biodiversity of global ecosystems.We present a novel approach incorporating survey data of watercraft movement in a social network analysis to reconstruct potential pathways of aquatic invasive species spread between lakes.As an example,we use the green alga Nitellopsis obtusa,also known as starry stonewort,an aquatic invasive species affecting the Great Lakes region in the United States and Canada.The movement of algal fragments via human-mediated pathways(i.e.,watercraft)has been hypothesized as the primary driver of starry stonewort invasion.We used survey data collected at boat ramps during the 2013 and 2014 openwater seasons to describe the flow of watercraft from Lake Koronis,where N.obtusa was first detected in Minnesota,to other lakes in the state.Our results suggest that the risk of N.obtusa expansion is not highly constrained by geographic proximity and management efforts should consider highly connected lakes.Estimating human movement via network analysis may help to explain past and future routes of aquatic invasive species infestation between lakes and can improve evidence-based prevention and control efforts. 相似文献
39.
40.
Location choices of Chinese enterprises in Southeast Asia: The role of overseas Chinese networks 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Journal of Geographical Sciences - With the implementation of the “Going out” strategy and the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s investments have become increasingly influential... 相似文献