Geochemical characterization of Archaean amphibolites from the eastern part of Anshan–Benxi iron producing area,northeastern China: implication for tectonic setting of BIFs

The Anshan–Benxi iron producing area, which is located at the northeastern margin of the North China Craton, is the main distribution area of Archaean BIFs in China. In their eastern part, including the Gongchangling and Waitoushan deposits, BIFs mainly are hosted in the Archaean middle Anshan Group. Amphibolites are widely distributed in the iron‐bearing rock series, reflecting the tectonic setting of BIFs. Amphibolites not only have MORB‐like compositional characteristics, but also have island arc‐like ones, and they are consistent with back‐arc basin basalts (BABB). In the study area, the protolith of amphibolites belongs to Okinawa‐type BABB; it indicates that tectonic setting of BIFs is the intra‐continental back‐arc basin. In the study area, the formation of sedimentary basins for BIFs had been associated with oceanic plate subduction. Amphibolites from Gongchangling deposit are characterized by relative enrichments in LILE and LREE, and depletions in HFSE. This indicates that they had a relatively large influence of subduction in their formation. Amphibolites from Waitoushan deposit are characterized by relative enrichments in LILE without conspicuous depletions in HFSE, indicating relatively low subduction rates. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

青海省大柴旦红灯沟金矿区成矿条件与成矿模式研究

通过对南祁连岛弧带红灯沟矿床的形成背景、构造演化,以及金矿化研究分析认为,红灯沟矿区位于汇聚板块边缘最重要的金矿成矿带上,矿床赋存于一右行走滑韧性剪切带中。矿体主要发生在韧性剪切带中,构造变形越强,矿化越好。成矿物质为深部来源,可能与隐伏酸性岩体的成矿作用有关。后期的张性填充石英脉是重要的成矿构造。根据矿床的成因,建立了矿区成矿模式图,指出了有利的找矿部位。     

松潘—甘孜褶皱带较场弧形构造特征及其大地构造意义

根据详细野外露头特征及显微构造特征将较场弧形带由南向北分为三个变形带:弧顶部、弧核部和弧翼部,不同分带具有明显不同的变形特征。由南向北变形特征由以塑性变形为主过渡为脆性变形为主,变质流体活动喜马拉雅构造期活动强烈,且向北逐渐增强;弧核部以叠瓦状逆冲构造特征分隔弧顶和弧翼部;弧翼部东西两翼变形及变质流体活动特征具有一定差异性。较场弧形带总体体现出多期次南北向挤压—张性应力变形构造特征,叠加北西—北北西向同构造期挤压变质运动,其宏观和微观变形特征与典型"走滑成因"模式弧形构造特征相异,为其大地构造成因机制的解释提出了新的限制条件。     

关于南天山碰撞造山时代的讨论

南天山是天山山脉的一支,是中亚型造山带的典型代表,它经历了复杂的增生—碰撞过程。关于古南天山洋最终闭合—碰撞造山(碰撞事件)发生的时间一直存在不同的认识,争论由来已久。综合分析南天山造山带的构造、地层、古生物、岩石、地球化学和同位素年代学等方面的资料,特别是对放射虫、蛇绿岩、蓝片岩、火山弧及前陆盆地沉积等地质事实的研究,我们认为,南天山碰撞造山作用起始于二叠纪末—三叠纪初。     

新疆谢米斯台中段火山岩岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

谢米斯台中段地区发育的火山岩主要为安山岩、英安岩和流纹岩。岩石地球化学研究表明,岩石的K2O、Na2O含量高(K2O=3.42%～9.85%;Na2O=0.48%～5.30%),大离子亲石元素(LILE)相对富集,高场强元素(HFSE)相对亏损,其中Nb、P、Ti强烈亏损,轻稀土元素(LREE)和重稀土元素(HREE)分馏较强;Pb同位素比值为206Pb/204Pb=18.435～19.409、207Pb/204Pb=15.535～15.602、208Pb/204Pb=38.36～39.213;火山岩具有高的初始εNd(t)值(+4.43～+6.65)和低的初始87Sr/86Sr值(0.700953～0.704435)。该地区流纹岩SIMS锆石U-Pb测年结果为422.5±1.9Ma。综合研究认为,谢米斯台中段地区火山岩是晚志留世准噶尔洋壳俯冲,在地幔楔形区,经过洋壳与富集地幔的局部熔融,经历了一定程度的分离结晶作用形成的中酸性岩浆喷发而成,在岩浆上升过程中有少量地壳物质的混染。     

双翼弧平式长螺旋锚杆成孔钻具工艺技术研究

通过对以往黏性土层锚杆钻具成孔出现的问题分析,查明了常规取芯钻具与短螺旋钻具在水平方向小角度成孔过程中,土体失去了原始均衡应力造成钻孔缩径,使扰土不能及时输出孔外,是产生堵孔塌孔的直接原因.为此研制了长螺旋锚杆成孔钻具,解决了成孔时扰土输出问题,创新的旋板解决了钻孔内壁土颗粒结构松弛问题,并且彻底解决了在黏性土层中锚杆成孔塌堵现象,保证锚杆成孔设计角度,形成一套较为标准的长螺旋锚杆钻具成孔操作规则.     

陕西富平地区中奥陶统等深流沉积的特征及其地质意义

陕西富平赵老峪地区中奥陶统赵老峪组发育一套与深水碳酸盐岩重力流沉积、放射虫硅质岩、火山凝灰岩伴生的等深流沉积。根据岩性特征可以将该等深流沉积划分为砾屑等深积岩、砂屑等深积岩、粉屑等深积岩和灰泥等深积岩4种类型,识别出较完整的、由单一灰泥或粉屑或砂屑等深积岩叠置组成的4种等深积岩层序。等深流的流向从东北向西南方向,说明中奥陶世富平地区可能是秦岭北侧弧后盆地伸进浅水台地的一个北东向的深海前槽。富平赵老峪地区下奥陶统马家沟组和华北地块其他地区一样都发育浅水台地相碳酸盐岩,中奥陶统突变为深水斜坡-盆地边缘相的碳酸盐岩重力流及等深流沉积,而同期华北地块主体隆升为陆,反映了在扬子板块向华北板块俯冲的背景下,秦岭北侧早古生代弧后盆地北测的陷落下沉作用。     

The mafic–ultramafic complex of Aniyapuram,Cauvery Suture Zone,southern India: Petrological and geochemical constraints for Neoarchean suprasubduction zone tectonics

Several Precambrian mafic–ultramafic complexes occur along the Cauvery Suture Zone (CSZ) in Southern Granulite Terrain, India. Their origin, magmatic evolution and relationship with the associated high-grade rocks have not been resolved. The Aniyapuram Mafic–Ultramafic Complex (AMUC), the focus of the present study in southern part of the CSZ, is dominantly composed of peridotites, pyroxenites, gabbros, metagabbros/mafic granulites, hornblendites, amphibolites, plagiogranites, felsic granulites and ferruginous cherts. The rock types in the AMUC are structurally emplaced within hornblende gneiss (TTG) basement rocks and are highly deformed. The geochemical signature of the amphibolites indicates tholeiitic affinity for the protolith with magma generation in island arc-setting. N-MORB normalized pattern of the amphibolites show depletion in HFS-elements (P, Zr, Sm, Ti, and Y) and enrichment of LIL-elements (Rb, Ba, Th, Sr) with negative Nb anomalies suggesting involvement of subduction component in the depleted mantle source and formation in a supra-subduction zone tectonic setting. Our new results when correlated with the available age data suggest that the lithological association of AMUC represent the remnants of the Neoarchean oceanic lithosphere.     

How many sutures in the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt：Insights from East Xinjiang-West Gansu（NW China）？

How ophiolitic mèlanges can be defined as sutures is controversial with regard to accretionary orogenesis and continental growth.The Chinese Altay,East junggar,Tianshan,and Beishan belts of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB） in Northwest China,offer a special natural laboratory to resolve this puzzle.In the Chinese Altay,the Erqis unit consists of ophiolitic melanges and coherent assemblages,forming a Paleozoic accretionary complex.At least two ophiolitic melanges（Armantai,and Kelameili） in East Junggar,characterized by imbricated ophiolitic melanges,Nb-enriched basalts,adakitic rocks and volcanic rocks,belong to a Devonian-Carboniferous intra-oceanic island arc with some Paleozoic ophiolites,superimposed by Permian arc volcanism.In the Tianshan,ophiolitic melanges like Kanggurtag,North Tianshan,and South Tianshan occur as part of some Paleozoic accretionary complexes related to amalgamation of arc terranes.In the Beishan there are also several ophiolitic melanges,including the Hongshishan,Xingxingxia-Shibangjing,Hongliuhe-Xichangjing,and Liuyuan ophiolitic units.Most ophiolitic melanges in the study area are characterized by ultramafic,mafic and other components,which are juxtaposed,or even emplaced as lenses and knockers in a matrix of some coherent units.The tectonic settings of various components are different,and some adjacent units in the same melange show contrasting different tectonic settings.The formation ages of these various components are in a wide spectrum,varying from Neoproterozoic to Permian.Therefore we cannot assume that these ophiolitic melanges always form in linear sutures as a result of the closure of specific oceans.Often the ophiolitic components formed either as the substrate of intra-oceanic arcs,or were accreted as lenses or knockers in subduction-accretion complexes.Using published age and paleogeographic constraints,we propose the presence of （1） a major early Paleozoic tectonic boundary that separates the Chinese Altay-East Junggar multiple subduction system     

"三江"北段昌都陆块晚三叠世钾质-超钾质火山岩成因及地质意义

昌都微陆块内部发育一套晚三叠世粗安岩.本文基于系统的野外踏勘,对具有代表性的火山岩进行岩石学、地球化学等研究.结果显示该区火山岩的SiO₂含量为51.36%~58.04%,全碱含量(Na₂O+K₂O)为5.03%~7.84%,根据岩石K₂O,MgO及K₂O/Na₂O比值判断,属钾质-超钾质火山岩,具高K、高Al、低Ti的特征.本区岩石强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),Nb、Ta、Ti的负异常明显,整体特征类似于弧火山岩.其稀土总量较高(270×10^-6~960×10^-6),轻重稀土分馏明显,重稀土分布形态较平缓.岩石具有较高的初始锶同位素比值(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.7150~0.7176和较低的初始钕同位素比值(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.51180~0.51184,ε_Nd(t)=-10.9~-10.2,二段Nd模式年龄为t_2DM=1.82~1.88Ga.本区岩石的地球化学特征显示其源区是由俯冲板片所产生的流体/熔体交代的岩石圈地幔,源区矿物组成分析结果显示,其源区以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为主,含少量石榴石二辉橄榄岩及金云母.本区钾质-超钾质岩石虽然与西藏南部的钾质-超钾质岩石有相似的地球化学特征,但却产于碰撞后的构造背景之下.结合其所具有的弧火山岩特征及时代构造背景判断其为一种"滞后型"弧火山岩,其形成过程可以概括为三个阶段.