会泽铅锌矿床成矿流体研究

云南会泽铅锌矿床位于扬子板块西缘川黔滇铅锌银多金属成矿域的中南部,严格受断裂带的控制.流体包裹体、铅同位素和锶同位素的证据表明,成矿流体为不同性质流体的混合物,具有多源性.大部分矿物流体包裹体均一温度变化于150～250℃之间,部分包裹体大于300℃;盐度变化范围5%～21%,w(NaC1)平均为13.24%;密度0.546～1.129 g/cm3;均一瞬间压力145×105～754×105Pa;成矿深度2 200～2 450 m.流体混合后,由于大幅度的降压作用,使得成矿流体发生沸腾,流体产生过饱和,并最终导致金属矿物的析出.因此,这明显有别于MVT矿床,是一个新型的铅锌矿床.     

2014年云南鲁甸6.5级、永善5.0级地震前岩石圈磁场局部异常特征分析

利用2012 ～2014年南北地震带3期流动地磁矢量测量的准确可靠资料,计算得到了2012 ～2013年和2013～ 2014年相邻期岩石圈磁场的分布.分析结果表明,2014年8月3日鲁甸6.5级地震、8月17日永善5.0级地震前,川滇交界东部均存在岩石圈磁场的异常变化.同时,异常持续时间、空间范围与震级大小有一定关系,鲁甸地震前岩石圈磁场异常持续时间长、空间范围广,而永善地震则反之.     

山东日照市2种干旱指标的应用对比

对山东省日照市年和各季节的旱涝情况使用降水距平百分率指标和Z指数旱涝指标2种方法进行了应用对比分析。结果表明:Z指数旱涝指标能较客观地反映旱涝程度,降水距平百分率指标反映旱涝程度较轻。在此基础上,用Z指数指标对日照市1955年以来的旱涝进行了逐年分析,发现日照市年和各季节旱涝变化都具有鲜明的阶段性及群发性特征,总体上旱情重于洪涝。     

1961～2005年西双版纳浅层地温对气候变化的响应

利用1961~2005年云南景洪0~20 cm各层逐月平均地温,采用气候倾向率、累积距平、信噪比等气候统计方法,研究了近45年西双版纳浅层平均地温的变化趋势、气候突变和异常年份等。结果表明:各年、季浅层平均地温均呈现极显著的升高趋势,升温率为0.14~0.40℃/10a,春季最小,冬季最大,年和春、冬两季表层升温率最大。各浅层平均地温在1980年秋季均发生了突变,冬季突变出现在1978年,以突变点划分,前为冷期,后为暖期,0 cm、15 cm和20 cm年平均地温,突变前只有20 cm年平均地温增温趋势不显著,突变后则相反,只有20 cm年平均地温呈显著的增温趋势,这表明20世纪80年代以来,20 cm地温对气候变暖的响应更强。年平均地温除10 cm外均在1971年异常偏低,各浅层年平均地温2003年均异常偏高。气温升高是影响地温上升的主要原因。     

The influence of quark anomalous magnetic moment in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with different regularizations

The Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model is known for its simplicity and capacity to reproduce some of the basic characteristics of the quantum chromodynamics phase diagram. However, since it is a nonrenormalizable model, there are regularization issues that should be treated conveniently. This is the case when considering the quark anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) when external constant magnetic fields are present. Regularization procedures based on entangled functions between the magnetic field and the cutoff of the model can predict first-order phase transitions for chiral symmetry restoration at finite values of magnetic fields and inverse magnetic catalysis. The strengths of magnetic fields explored in NJL model and lattice QCD do not show first-order phase transition. In the present work, we show that some of the previous results are regularization-dependent effects and how to handle the divergences using the vacuum magnetic regularization scheme.     

强震预警指标工作方法的实践与研究

通过近年来研制川南及邻区(25°40′~29°40′N,100°~104°E)可供今后参考的强震(三色)“预警指标”。最大收获是初步探索出了一套完整的研制和检测“预警指标”的工作方法,供大家参考。     

Volcanic rock alterations of the Kwanza Basin,offshore Angola - Insights from an integrated petrological,geochemical and numerical approach

The Lower Cretaceous presalt section of the Kwanza Basin (Angola) is in the spotlight following the discoveries of petroleum systems in this basin, and more generally in the South Atlantic. These systems are mostly composed of continental carbonates in close association with volcanic rocks. This work is focused on the study of an offshore Kwanza presalt volcanic sequence characterized as Valanginian trachytic subaerial lava flows. A detailed petrological analysis of the altered trachyte in association with fluid inclusion microthermometry was conducted in order to depict the initial mineralogy (albite, sanidine, titanomagnetite) and obtain a paragenetic sequence (quartz, siderite, kaolinite, calcite). Thermodynamic equilibrium modelling of the trachytes alteration by meteoric fluids, over a range of temperatures (25 °C–200 °C) and CO₂ partial pressure (pCO₂: 0.01 mbar to 100 bar), were performed with PHREEQC, and compared to the observed paragenetic sequence. Some numerical simulations reflect the observed paragenesis. As a result, the pCO₂ is constrained by the occurrence of siderite (from 0.1 bar at 50 °C to 30 bar at 125 °C) and kaolinite (from 0.2 bar at 50 °C to 1.2 bar at 125 °C). The simulations emphasize the need for a high pCO₂ in the hydrothermal system, to achieve the observed trachyte transformation. After reaching equilibrium with the trachytes, the simulated fluids highlight a mid-alkaline to near neutral pH with high Fe, HCO₃+CO₃, and alkali concentrations. The palaeofluids could have evolved from Ca- and Mg-rich to Ca- and Mg-poor with increasing temperature. Inversely, Si concentrations are positively correlated with increasing temperatures. This methodology, integrating a petrological approach and numerical simulations, proves to be a powerful tool leading to better understanding of the proxies (pCO₂, temperature, redox conditions) controlling paragenesis. To push further, these simulations are also a step toward improved understanding of palaeofluid evolutions in presalt systems and better prediction of reservoir quality.     

Safety and CO2 emissions: Implications of using organic fluids in a ship’s waste heat recovery system

This paper considers the practical application of exhaust gas waste heat recovery from the main engines of merchant ships. A water-based Rankine Cycle is used as a baseline and this is compared with five organic Rankine cycle systems using benzene, heptane, hexamethyldisiloxane, toluene and R245fa. The thermodynamic model of the waste heat recovery system is described. This is then applied in a case study utilising an Aframax tanker. The case study allows the comparison of the different waste heat recovery systems in more realistic scenarios. The efficiency of the different systems is compared as well as their potential to reduce CO₂ emissions, ship impact, and economic viability are also discussed. The paper closes with consideration of the safety and regulatory issues associated with the use of organic fluids in the marine environment.     

河北易县台形变异常映震能力分析

对河北易县台形变观测资料日均值和月均值在2次唐山地震前后的变化进行分析,发现该台多种观测手段在地震前记录到了显著异常,分析其共性和差异性,给出该台形变资料的异常特征和提取方法。     

Melanistic southern right‐whale dolphins (Lissodelphis peronii) off Kaikoura,New Zealand,with records of other anomalously all‐black cetaceans

Reports of anomalously pigmented cetaceans, including melanistic (all‐black) individuals are infrequent. We observed four melanistic southern right‐whale dolphins (Lissodelphis peronii) including a calf, off Kaikoura (42°34'S, 173°50'E), New Zealand. We also compiled records of melanistic individuals from five other species of cetaceans. The ecological context of melanistic pigmentation of cetaceans is not well understood; however, it may increase heat absorption, affect ability to capture prey, impair visual/social communication, and/or increase conspicuousness to predators.