北淮阳东段西汤池岩体地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb定年及成因

西汤池岩体位于安徽北淮阳地区舒城县西汤池一带。西汤池似斑状二长花岗岩具高硅、富碱质特征,为铝饱和碱性系列岩石。稀土元素含量中等,(La/Yb)_N与HREE/LREE值较高,重稀土相对轻稀土亏损明显,Eu呈弱负异常,属轻稀土富集型。大离子亲石元素(Rb、K、La、Nd等)明显富集,而高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti等)亏损。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得西汤池二长花岗岩~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为(125.5±1.6)Ma,为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。基于前人关于北淮阳地区区域地质背景方面的研究成果和本次地球化学构造环境判别方面的研究,认为西汤池二长花岗岩属A_1型花岗岩,形成于后碰撞的伸展构造环境。     

青海南山吾口侵入岩体锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

本文对青海南山吾口正长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学及年代学研究。首次测得吾口侵入岩体正长花岗岩的锆石206Pb/238U年龄为253. 8±3. 3Ma(MSWD=0. 96),形成时代为晚二叠世。岩石中Al_2O_3为(14. 13～16. 51)×10~(-2),K_2O为(1. 66～3. 59)×10~(-2),A/NK=1. 15～2. 35,A/CNK=0. 75～1. 03,TFe O/(TFe O+MgO)=0. 53～0. 81,岩石具偏铝质中-高钾钙碱性花岗岩特征;吾口岩体表现为富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K等,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ba等;轻重稀土分异较明显,具右倾特征,中等负Eu异常(δEu=0. 44～0. 68),具壳幔岩浆混合特征。吾口岩体代表了阿尼玛卿洋盆向北削减俯冲运动在青海南山构造带与西秦岭造山带和南祁连造山带的构造转换衔接部位的构造演化的地质记录。该侵入岩体形成时代及构造环境的确定,为研究印支早期青海南山构造演化及动力学机制提供重要依据。     

辽东岫岩地区古元古代花岗伟晶岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义

辽东岫岩地区位于胶—辽—吉古元古代造山/活动带内,区域内广泛存在花岗质伟晶岩脉或岩体,对其进行研究具有重要的构造意义。研究区出露大量古元古代花岗伟晶岩,前人将其统一划归到花岗质混杂岩和辽河岩群内。本文通过详细的野外地质调查和室内综合研究,将该套花岗伟晶岩脉解体为出来,重新厘定为新的填图单元。本文对研究区2件花岗伟晶岩样品进行岩石学、岩石地球化学、锆石LA-ICP-MS稀土微量元素和U-Pb定年的综合研究,获得花岗伟晶岩的原岩年龄,并对其岩石地球化学、成因和构造环境进行了探讨。花岗伟晶岩主要矿物组合为钾长石+斜长石+石英±白云母±电气石,花岗伟晶结构,块状构造。岩石地球化学分析结果显示其均匀具有一致的地球化学特征。它们均显示高的SiO2(72.1%~75.3%)、Al2O3(13.5%~16.4%),低CaO(1.42%~2.03%)、MgO(0.15%~0.76%)、P2O5(0.01%~0.02%%)、TiO2(0.06%~0.17%)等含量;稀土元素总量偏低,稀土富集、重稀土亏损,稀土配分曲线右倾型,明显的正δEu异常;微量元素富集大离子亲石元素(Cs、Rb、Ba、U),相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti)等特征。样品(DST-TW1和WJG-TW1)锆石CL图像强度均较弱,前者大部分锆石不能反映矿物内部结构,后者大部分锆石能显示弱振荡环带,这一特征与锆石U含量均较高(1253.1×10-6~12861.5×10-6、874.5×10-6~5319.1×10-6)相吻合。锆石虽具有岩浆锆石的自形特征,但其Th/U值(0.01~0.26和0.01~0.62)较低,稀土配分模式显示热液锆石特征,在(Sm/La)N—La和Ce/Ce*—(Sm/La)N图解上偏热液锆石区域,此花岗伟晶岩脉可能是母岩浆高度结晶分异后的残余岩浆热液结晶而成,偏热液性质。本文研究的2件样品(DST-TW1和WJG-TW1)年龄分别为1864±20 Ma(MSWD=0.19)和1903.6±4.7 Ma(MSWD=0.041),其侵位时间介于1.9~1.86 Ga之间。从岩石地球化学、形成时代推测其物源与研究区周围~1.87 Ga的S型花岗岩具有亲缘关系。从构造环境来看,研究区内古元古代花岗伟晶岩形成于胶—辽—吉造山带弧陆碰撞结束后伸展的构造体制下,在主期花岗质岩浆上涌之后,地壳在不断伸展和松弛垮塌,大量残余岩浆或岩浆热液上涌形成伟晶岩的岩脉、岩墙或岩体,侵位时代从~1.9 Ga到~1.74 Ga。从而推测胶—辽—吉造山带在碰撞后的构造折返过程中一直处于伸展的构造机制,后造山阶段至少持续了160 Ma。     

论中国国家公园地质考察与评价——以浙江丽水百山祖国家公园为例

鉴于保护地调查评价历史与目标,国家公园地质考察评价基准是地质学关于地球的“时间、空间、演化”知识的发现路径,既识别国家公园候选地的国家符合性地质事件,又识别国家公园自然性、独特性、优美性、多样性、整体性的地质机制,提供国家公园最重要的自然生态系统与自然景观保育管理的地质学支撑。浙江丽水百山祖国家公园符合性的地质事件是公园发现的4.0~4.2 Ga冥古宙陆核物质的锆石晶体、中生代岛弧陆盆火山酸性火山岩系列和从流纹岩山岭到花岗岩—变质岩谷底的“峰—岭—丘—谷（盆）”的亚热带滨海山地地貌结构,地貌结构发育演化是百山祖公园最重要的自然生态系统、区域性流域水源地、独特山水景观的形成基础。保护百祖山公园地貌结构和过程的完整性与真实性是确保其重要自然生态系统自然演化和生态服务产品持续供给的基础。     

晚中生代沂沭断裂带左旋韧性剪切与岩浆迁移规律

沂沭断裂带内部的岩浆侵入与断裂活动关系密切,开展沂沭断裂带内部岩浆年代学研究,对于沂沭断裂带构造背景研究具有积极的参考意义。选取沂沭断裂带内部的莒县浮来山正长岩体、边部的莒南官坊石英正长岩体及侵入该岩体的闪长玢岩脉,开展岩石学及年代学研究。首次发现晚中生代沂沭断裂带左旋韧性剪切,获得浮来山岩体的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(125.1±1.7) Ma,官坊岩体年龄为(125.6±2.0) Ma, 发生韧性变形的闪长玢岩脉年龄为(122.8±2.1) Ma。获得的125 Ma岩浆活动年龄与沂沭断裂带东侧的五莲变质核杂岩快速剥露(122~128 Ma)、诸城断陷盆地快速沉降的时间相吻合,该时期沂沭断裂带处于岩石圈减薄与破坏强烈的时期;闪长玢岩脉的122.8 Ma结晶年龄,与五莲变质核杂岩后构造岩体(石场、坊子岩体等)结晶年龄一致,该时期沂沭断裂带处于弱伸展状态,同时也说明胶东半岛岩石圈减薄具有时间上的一致性。晚中生代时期,沂沭断裂带两侧岩浆活动具有逆时针迁移的规律,这一规律可能与伊佐奈岐板块向欧亚板块俯冲的方向、角度、速度的变换有关。     

青藏高原东北缘祁连山三叠系砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb定年及其物源分析

三叠系沉积物广泛覆盖青藏高原东北缘,其中松潘—甘孜地区三叠系的沉积物得到了较系统的研究,但是青藏高原北缘的祁连山三叠系盆地的研究却较为缺乏。为了丰富相关研究和揭示区域构造演化的特点,通过古水流方向统计、砂岩中碎屑矿物统计和碎屑锆石U-Pb测年等方法对祁连山三叠纪盆地物源进行系统研究。结果表明,祁连山三叠系盆地的古流向主要有南东向、正南向、南西向,物源来自岩浆弧和大规模褶皱造山作用的混合区。祁连山三叠系砂岩中的碎屑锆石的年龄谱主要峰值集中在250~290 Ma、360~460 Ma、1 600~2 000 Ma和2 200~2 600 Ma这4个年龄段。通过对比分析华北板块、华南板块中和秦祁昆中央造山带中岩浆锆石年龄谱特征可知:1 600~2 000 Ma和2 200~2 600 Ma年龄段的锆石来自华北板块,360~460 Ma年龄段的锆石来自北祁连造山带,250~290 Ma年龄段的锆石来自东昆仑的火山岛弧。此外,600~1 000 Ma年龄段锆石很少,这些锆石来自扬子板块,表明在三叠纪扬子克拉通和华北克拉通发生碰撞形成了秦岭造山带,阻断了来自扬子克拉通的物源。     

新特提斯洋晚白垩世演化特点:来自泽当共国日二长花岗岩年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素证据

为加深对西藏泽当地区新特提斯洋演化的认识,对西藏泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩进行了岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素及年代学等研究,研究显示:共国日二长花岗岩岩体规模小、岩性稳定,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(90.40±0.68)Ma,属晚白垩世;岩石地球化学具高硅、富铝、富钾、低钛和准铝质钙碱性花岗岩特征;轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,具明显的负Eu异常,微量元素表现为相对富集Rb、K、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,显著亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i=0.705 708~0.706 284,(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.512 689~0.512 716,ε_Nd(t)=2.00~2.51。以上特征表明,位于泽当蛇绿混杂岩带内的共国日二长花岗岩属于I型花岗岩,由正常岛弧岩浆形成,应为晚白垩世新特提斯洋向北俯冲形成的岛弧环境下俯冲带上部地壳部分熔融的产物,其不属于泽当蛇绿岩的组成部分,表明在90 Ma前泽当洋内弧已经消失。     

U-Pb Zircon and Re-Os Molybdenite Geochronology of theW-Mo Mineralized Region of South Qinling,China, andtheir Tectonic Implications

A W-Mo mineralized region is located along the northern margin of the South Qinling tectonic belt of China. WMo mineralization occurs mainly in Cambrian–Ordovician clastic and carbonate rocks, and the ore bodies are structurally controlled by NW–SE-and NNE–SSW-striking faults. Evidence for magmatism in the area is widespread and is dominated by intermediate–felsic intrusives or apophyses, such as the Dongjiangkou, Yanzhiba, Lanbandeng, and Sihaiping granitic bodies. Quartz-vein-type mineralization and fault-controlled skarn-type mineralization dominate the ore systems, with additional enrichment in residual deposits. At present, there are few or insufficient studies on(1) the age of mineralization,(2) the relationship between intermediate–felsic granite and W-Mo mineralization,(3) the source of ore-forming materials,and(4) the metallogenic and tectonic setting of the mineralized area. In this paper, we present geochronology results for numerous intrusive granitic bodies in the South Qinling tectonic belt. U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Lanbandeng monzogranite and Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite yields ages of 222.7 ± 2.3 and 201.9 ± 1.8 Ma, respectively. In contrast to the Late Triassic age of the Lanbandeng monzogranite, the age of the newly discovered Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite places it at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary. Re-Os molybdenite geochronology on the Qipangou W-Mo deposit yielded a model age of 199.7 ± 3.9 Ma, indicating the deposit formed in the early Yanshanian period of the Early Jurassic. Granitoid intrusions in the mineralized area are characterized by composite granite bodies that crystallized at ca.240–190 Ma. While there were multiple stages of intrusion, most occurred at 210–220 Ma, with waning magmatic activity at 200–190 Ma. The Re-Os age of molybdenite in the region is ca. 200–190 Ma, which may represent a newly discovered period of W-Mo metallogenesis that occurred during the final stages of magmatism. The heat associated with this magmatism drove ore formation and might have provided additional ore-forming components for metallogenesis(represented by the Wangjiaping biotite monzogranite). Ore materials in the mineralized area were derived from mixed crustal and mantle sources. Enrichment of the region occurred during intracontinental orogenesis in the late Indosinian–Yanshanian, subsequent to the main Indosinian collision. At this time, the tectonic environment was dominated by extension and strike-slip motion.     

The U-Pb Geochronology and Lu-Hf Isotope Compositions of Detrital Zircons from the Nanhua Group of the Longsheng Region, South China and their Implications for Pan-African Events

It is unclear whether the South China blocks have an affinity with continental Gondwana due to a lack of direct Pan-African magmatic and metamorphic features. In this study, we conducted U-Pb geochronological and Lu-Hf isotopic analyses for detrital zircons from a sandstone of the Chang’an Formation of the Nanhua Group in the Longsheng region of northern Guangxi, with the aim of constraining the timing of sedimentation and information as to its source, as well as seeking evidence for Pan-African events in the South China blocks. The results show that the ages of detrital zircons peaked at 654.7 ± 6.2 Ma, 773.2 ± 4.1 Ma and 821.9 ± 6.5 Ma, with some at 920–870 Ma; the youngest age indicates the existence of the Pan-African thermal event. The εHf(t) and TDM2 values demonstrate that the study area has experienced three stages of crustal growth at 3.0–2.4 Ga, 2.1–1.5 Ga and 1.3–0.9 Ga. With intensively distributed Neoproterozoic mafic-ultramafic and granitic plutons emplaced at 830–810 Ma along the southwestern section of the Jiangnan Orogenic Belt and positive εHf(t) values from a large group of zircon grains, it is proposed that the sediments of the Chang’an Formation (of Nanhua Group) were largely sourced from the southeastern margin of the Yangtze block. Comparison with the zircon age spectra of the Cathaysian block shows that about 79% of the Pan-African aged detrital zircon grains that have TDM2 = 1352–1031 Ma and εHf(t) = 3.68–8.79, were sourced from the recycled Grenvillian crust of the Cathaysian block, suggesting that the Cathaysian block had a close connection with Gondwana.     

扬子陆块西缘江浪穹窿超基性岩的成因:锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素

江浪穹窿位于扬子陆块西缘,本文作者在穹窿南部新发现一套侵入于二叠系及志留系的超基性岩,岩石主要由蛇纹石(约60%)、橄榄石(约30%)和少量磁铁矿(约5%)、角闪石(约5%)组成。为探讨超基性岩的成因,本文进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素研究。定年结果表明,超基性岩中发育大量2427~430 Ma的捕获锆石,最年轻一组岩浆锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄为222.3±4.4 Ma(MSWD=1.9,n=6)。主微量元素分析显示岩石：(1)具有低的SiO₂含量(46.76%~39.07%)、高的Mg#值(82.3~74.0)与Cr、Co、Ni丰度;(2)稀土元素含量(ΣREE平均31.8 μg/g)与(La/Yb)_N值(5.26~1.38)偏低,稀土配分型式较为平坦,具有较弱的Ce负异常(Ce/Ce^*=0.80~0.67);(3)富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba和U,亏损高场强元素Zr和Hf;(4)(Th/Yb)_PM值(29.8~1.56)、(Th/Ta)_PM值(0.22~0.03)、(La/Nb)_PM值(1.91~0.39)及La/Sm值(5.88~1.11)较低。Sr-Nd同位素分析显示,超基性岩具有较低的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i值(0.706872~0.702598)和高的ε_Nd(t)值(8.02~5.64),成分接近于亏损地幔和岛弧玄武岩,计算表明地壳物质的混染程度低于5%。结合前人研究成果,本文认为超基性岩结晶年龄为222.3 Ma,可能形成于古特提斯洋闭合阶段的岛弧背景;原始岩浆来自高度部分熔融的地幔源区,上升侵位过程中可能经历了铬铁矿与橄榄石的分离结晶作用。此外,捕获锆石的年龄谱反映江浪穹窿很可能存在太古宙—古元古代变质基底,并且具有Rodinia超大陆会聚—裂解以及泛非事件的地质年龄记录。