巴林左旗-阿鲁科尔沁旗5.9级地震前兆异常特征分析

2003年8月16日内蒙古巴林左旗-阿鲁科尔沁旗间发生5．9级地震。根据年度危险区的确定、前兆异常跟踪及其主要依据，分析了这次5．9级地震前大甸子井、库伦井地下水位、开鲁井水氡等前兆异常。在此基础上，对内蒙古附近区域的前兆异常也进行了分析和探讨，发现该次地震前在内蒙古及附近区域出现了一组中期、短期前兆异常及宏观异常。文中还研究了该区域前兆异常的演化过程。     

Long baroclinic Rossby waves with periods of about 500d near 20°N in the northwest Pacific Ocean

1IntroductionThe oceanic Rossby waves play an importantrole in the large-scale oceanic circulations.In the o-ceans baroclinic Rossby waves have surface manifes-tations of just a fewcentimeters,and wavelengths atmid-latitudes of hundreds to thousands of ki…     

Geophysical evidence for gas geohazards off Iskenderun Bay, SE Turkey

High-resolution seafloor and sub-surface data were acquired as part of a site survey in Iskenderun Bay, SE Turkey to characterize the geohazards at the location of the proposed drilling site. A 3 km×3 km geophysical study reveals a pockmark field which trends NE and NNE, similar to the trend of major fault systems in the area. The pockmarks, with an average diameter of 35 m, reach their highest density in the northern part of the detailed survey area, with 13 features/km². Acoustic anomalies in the seismic records (acoustic turbidity, blanking, enhanced reflectors) below the proposed drilling site indicated potential shallow gas beneath it. The local seismic anomalies (amplitude and frequency) parallel to stratigraphy were assigned a low gas risk. As a result of the active neotectonics in the area, the pockmark field presented a potential hazard for drilling at the original location. The geohazard study resulted in moving the proposed drilling site eastward to an area of fewer pockmarks, less sub-surface seismic anomalies, and thus a location interpreted as a lower geohazard environment.     

On the mechanisms behind salinity anomaly signals of the northern North Atlantic

Hydrographic time series from the northern North Atlantic throughout the 20th century show oscillations in temperature and salinity at more or less regular intervals. The Great Salinity Anomalies described during the 1970s [Dickson, R.R., Meincke, J., Malmberg, S.-A., Lee, A.J., 1988. The “Great Salinity Anomaly” in the North Atlantic, 1968-1982. Progress in Oceanography 20, 103-151.], during the 1980s [Belkin, I.M., Levitus, S., Antonov, J., Malmberg, S.-A., 1998. “Great Salinity Anomalies” in the North Atlantic. Progress in Oceanography 41, 1-68.], and during the 1990s [Belkin, I.M., 2004. Propagation of the “Great Salinity Anomaly” of the 1990s around the northern North Atlantic. Geophysical Research Letters 31(8), L08306, doi:10.1029/2003GL019334.] have distinct amplitudes, and all three of them were interpreted as low salinity anomalies propagating downstream through the anti-clockwise circulation system of the northern North Atlantic Ocean. Further inspection of time series from the Northeast Atlantic and the Northwest Atlantic over the past century shows, however, several other distinct negative anomalies of lesser amplitudes. Additionally, a number of high salinity anomalies can be identified. The present paper analyses further the propagation of the negative and positive anomalies and links them together. It is shown that they have varying speeds of propagation, and that the varying speeds are correlated across the North Atlantic. We propose that varying volume fluxes in and out of the Arctic Basin is the causal mechanism behind the anomaly signals, and that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) partly has influence on the flux variations described. Periods of large decadal-scale amplitudes of the NAO coincide with periods of large decadal-scale oscillation in the marine climate.     

冲绳海槽中段磁异常特征

磁异常显示在东海陆架坳陷带以降低负磁异常为主 ,而陆架边缘隆褶带异常区则以跳跃升高的正磁异常为主 ,冲绳海槽异常区表现出 2种磁异常面貌 :在西部陆坡表现为较平缓的负磁异常 ,而冲绳海槽底部则表现为高频跳跃变化升高异常。琉球岛弧异常区则表现为降低平缓负磁异常 ,只有在靠近冲绳海槽一带表现为高频升高正磁异常。磁力异常在这几个构造带显示出明显的条带状分布特征。在测区的中南部 (2 7°4 0′ N ,12 7°0 0′ E附近 ) ,磁异常呈现出明显的磁条带特征 ,与海底地形吻合很好 ,说明海槽中段已经进入了扩张阶段     

台西盆地某坳陷油气地球化学异常特征与评价

采用沉积物、海水等不同介质，应用７种方法在台西盆地某坳陷开展了油气地球化学综合调查。根据指标间的相关性、共生与伴生组合等进行指标分类和统计分析，在地球化学场和场源分析的基础上，结合地质－地球物理资料，圈定了３个Ⅰ级异常区、２个Ⅱ级异常区和２个Ⅲ级异常区，为该坳陷油气远景评价提供了可信的地球化学依据。同时，也证实了化探方法和指标在海洋油气资源勘探中的有效性。     

Rifting of oceanic crust at Endeavor Deep on the Juan Fernandez microplate

The development of an anomalously deep rift appears to be a common characteristic of the evolution of microplates along the East Pacific Rise, including the Galapagos, Easter, and Juan Fernandez microplates. We investigate crustal rifting at Endeavor Deep on the Juan Fernandez microplate using bathymetry, gravity and side scan sonar data. An initial phase of lithospheric extension accompanied by extensive subsidence results in the formation of a very deep rift valley (up to 4 km of relief, 70 km long and 20 km wide). Morphological observations and gravity data derived from GEOSAT satellite altimetry show the subsequent initiation of crustal accretion and development of a mature spreading center. Recent models of the kinematics of microplate rotation allow the amount of opening across Endeavor Deep over the past 1 m.y. to be quantified. We develop a simple mechanical model of rifting involving block faulting and flexural response to explain the gravity signature over the rift valley. The Bouguer gravity anomaly is asymmetric with respect to the surface topography and requires that a shallow-dipping fault on the western wall of the valley dominate the extension at Endeavor Deep. Consideration of three similar microplate rift valleys leads us to suggest that asymmetric rifting is the characteristic process forming microplate deeps.     

Upper-ocean thermal structure and heat content off the US West Coast during the 1997-1998 El Niño event based on AXBT and satellite altimetry data

During the 1997/1998 El Niño event, extensive oceanic temperature profiles were taken off the coast of California in January and February 1998 using Airborne Expendable Bathythermographs (AXBTs). These AXBT measurements are compared with altimetry-based upper-ocean temperature estimates using TOPEX and ERS satellite altimetry data. The altimetry-based temperature estimates are well correlated with the AXBT data, in particular when combining the two satellite data sets together to form a blended altimeter temperature estimate. Both the AXBT and altimetry data show that the nearshore coastal El Niño signal differed from that further offshore. The AXBT data show that near shore, the warm anomalies extended to much greater depths and had greater amplitude. A time series of the satellite-derived layer-averaged temperatures, averaged separately over the nearshore and offshore halves of the AXBT analysis domain, also shows a larger El Niño signal in the nearshore half. The role of local atmospheric forcing of the coastal oceanic temperature anomalies is analyzed using NCEP reanalysis and coastal upwelling data sets. The forcing terms include Ekman pumping, radiation, surface heat fluxes, precipitation, and alongshore wind stresses that drive coastal upwelling (expressed as a coastal downwelling index, CDI). The temperature forcing from all of the terms except the CDI anomalies are small. The CDI anomalies can explain most of the slowly varying temperature changes that occur near the coast during a two-year period spanning the El Niño event, as well as some of the larger amplitude, rapid (monthly) warming episodes that appear to be part of the El Niño signal. Several distinct rapid warming episodes, however, are not correlated with the CDI anomalies, and therefore we conclude that the nearshore El Niño signal originates from a combination of both a remote oceanic pathway and local atmospheric forcing.     

Precipitation climatically features over the Huai River Basin,China

The temporal and spatial characteristics of precipitation in the HRB (Huai River Basin) were studied using the observation data of monthly precipitation provided by the National Climate Center from 1961–2016 and the NCEP/NCAR global monthly reanalysis data. The results showed that: (1) The precipitation was mainly concentrated in summer, accounting for 52% of the total annual precipitation; there was more precipitation in the south, less in the north, and more in the coastal areas, less in the inland in summer; (2) The precipitation showed obvious decadal variations, especially in summer; the range of variation of most regions is above 140 mm; and significant decadal abrupt changes of precipitation from “abnormally less” to “abnormally more” appeared around 1979.     

Post-subdution evolution of the Northern Lhasa Terrane,Tibet: Constraints from geochemical anomalies,chronology and petrogeochemistry

Bangong-Nujiang collisional zone(BNCZ)is an older one in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and resulted in the famous Bangong-Nujiang metallogenic belt,which plays an important role in evaluating the formation and uplift mechanism of plateau.The northern and central Lhasa Terrane composed the southern part of the BNCZ.Since ore deposits can be used as markers of geodynamic evolution,the authors carried 1∶50000 stream sedimental geochemical exploration in the Xiongmei area in the Northern Lhasa Terrane to manifest the mineralization,and based on this mineralization with geochemical and chronological characteristics of related magmatic rocks to constrain their geodynamics and connection with the evolution of the Lhasa Terrane.The authors find Early Cretaceous magma mainly resulted in Cu,Mo mineralization,Late Cretaceous magma mainly resulted in Cu,Mo,and W mineralization in the studying area.The results suggest a southward subduction,slab rolling back and break-off,and thickened lithosphere delamination successively occurred within the Northern Lhasa Terrane.