矿井全方位钻孔测斜仪的数值计算与误差校正

本文论述了矿井全方位钻孔测斜仪的测量原理，数值计算方法和误差分析校正     

MGIS与军事地理理论

本文论述了不同的军事地理理论支撑着不问功能的ＭＧＩＳ（军事地理信息系统）。提出了用军事区域系统理论建立辅助决策功能的ＭＧＩＳ，以及ＭＧＩＳ的区域性、层次性、稳定性和建立有关ＭＧＩＳ的宏观决策问题。     

MD－50型钻机的研制

介绍ＭＤ－５０型钻机的结构、参数和特点。该钻机完成了十三陵锚固工程，通过了部级鉴定。     

自贡地区棋盘格式构造及其对T_1j~（4－4）成盐作用的控制

自贡地区Ｔ_１ｊ~（４－４）（下三叠统嘉陵江组第四段四层）岩盐体，受控于Ⅲ级棋盘格式“Ｘ”扭断裂之交叉处。据此预测的岩盐体与剖面岩相法预测的岩盐体有惊人的一致性，并陆续被钻井证实。在１２０ｋｍ~２内，已有１００余口井证实在“ｘ”交叉处１ｋｍ~２之外，均无岩盐体存在。“Ｘ”交叉处在ＴＭ遥感图象上几乎都有环形影象的反映，个别已证实为岩盐体引起。棋盘格式构造找矿模式已超出找岩盐的本身，它为重新认识找钾盐和其它矿产开拓了新思路。丰富了地质力学的内容。     

大洋钻探与全球变化(一)——南极地区显生宙晚期气候演变历史及对全球的影响

通过介绍Ｊ．Ｐ．Ｋｅｎｎｅｔｔ为代表的“洋流说”阐述了大洋钻探２５年来约１０个航次研究所揭示的南极地区显生宙晚期气候演变的历史。晚白垩世时南极地区和全球一样暖和无冰，末期变冷，古新世开始后不久又转暖，早始新世－中始新世早期达顶峰，以后变冷。渐新世为主要冷却期，南极东部形成冰盖，中，晚中新世为另一重要冷却期，南极西部以至全部南极在中新世晚期－上新世早期最终形成稳定冰盖。德雷克海峡打开，环南极洋流（Ａ     

The prediction of mineral solubilities in natural waters: The Na-K-Mg-Ca-H-Cl-SO4-OH-HCO3-CO3-CO2-H2O system to high ionic strengths at 25°C

The mineral solubility model of Harvie and Weare (1980) is extended to the eight component system, Na-K-Mg-Ca-H-Cl-SO₄-OH-HCO₃-CO₃-CO₂-H₂O at 25°C to high concentrations. The model is based on the semi-empirical equations of Pitzer (1973) and co-workers for the thermodynamics of aqueous electrolyte solutions. The model is parameterized using many of the available isopiestic, electromotive force, and solubility data available for many of the subsystems. The predictive abilities of the model are demonstrated by comparison to experimental data in systems more complex than those used in parameterization. The essential features of a chemical model for aqueous electrolyte solutions and the relationship between pH and the equilibrium properties of a solution are discussed.     

Polymer-stabilized emulsions and fine-particle recovery,I. The calcite-quartz system

The interaction between polymer-stabilized oil droplets and fine calcite particles has been studied at pH 10. Large calcite-droplet aggregates form and may be efficiently separated from fine quartz gangue. The influence of particle size, pulp density, oil-droplet size, oil volume, stirring speed and stirring time on separation efficiency have been investigated.     

Simple method for combined studies of macroseismic intensities and focal mechanisms

A simple method is presented for the computation of theoretical models of the macroseismic field, approximately valid close to the epicentre of a weak crustal earthquake. It is assumed that the intensity is logarithmically proportional to the energy flux of a complete directS wave. A circular source is used, whose energy-flux directivity is weak and thus simply predictable. The focal mechanism influences the solution through standard far-field double-couple radiation patterns. For the wave propagation in the layered crust the ray method is used, and a simple absorption correction is applied. Conversion coefficients at the earth's surface are included. To speed up repeated computations of the theoretical macroseismic fields for varying focal mechanisms, the ray quantities are computed (and stored) separately. This makes the program fast and simple enough even for routine applications on small microcomputers, whenever observed macroseismic fields, focal mechanisms, and hypocentre locations need joint interpretation.     

Seismicity anomaly scenario prior to the major recurrent earthquakes off the east coast of Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan

This paper is concerned with the intermediate-term prediction of the forthcoming M7.4–8.2 earthquake on the plate boundary, off the east coast of Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, which has the highest occurrence probability among the long-term forecasted events announced to the public. Seismicity and aftershocks in the regions of stress-shadow preceding each of the previous ruptures in 1936 and 1978 shows significantly lower activity than the predicted rate by the ETAS model (the relative quiescence) during some years preceding the events, whereas the seismicity is normal or even activated in the regions of neutral or increasing Coulomb failure stress (CFS), which leads to the scenario based on the likely precursory slip within or near the source. Assuming such a scenario, a number of sequences of earthquakes or aftershocks during 1979–2004 from various regions in northern Japan are selected to analyze them by fitting the ETAS model. Then the results are examined in relation to the CFS increments in the considered regions using the source models of the 1793, 1936 and 1978 interplate ruptures, and additionally the source model of recently occurred 2003 Miyagi-Ken-Oki intra-slab earthquake of M7.1. It is likely that the results of the normal activity and relative quiescence in the respective activities are due to the preslip of the intra-slab earthquake rather than the preslip of the expected rupture on the plate boundary.     

汛期分期的圆形分布法研究

首次采用圆形分布法计算洪水发生的集中期、集中度和高峰期的起止时间，由此确定汛期分期。三峡水库的计算结果表明，汛期分期结果合理可靠。统计试验显示，考虑洪水量级的圆形分布法效果最优。圆形分布法可以较好地描述洪水季节性特征，为洪水汛期分期计算提供了一条新的途径。