五河杂岩的变质岩石学及P-T条件分析钻孔的研究

五河杂岩是华北克拉通东部陆块东南缘最重要的岩石单元。然而,直至今日,人们对于该组杂岩一直缺乏足够的研究,特别是对于其形成的变质条件分歧较大。本文通过对蒙城南ZK02钻孔中五河杂岩的构成和地质特征详细研究表明五河杂岩分为上、下两段。上段主要为一套由云母片岩、大理岩和花岗片麻岩组成的变质表壳岩系,下段为一套基性变质岩,主要岩性为斜长角闪岩、角闪岩、石榴斜长角闪岩和少量的混合岩。同时,针对下段特征岩石（石榴斜长角闪岩）,进行了较为详细的岩相学和矿物化学分析,并应用不同的温压计进行P-T条件评价和比较,结合岩相学限定和前人的研究成果,认为五河杂岩的主体普遍经历了高压角闪岩相变质作用,其温压范围为：T=671 ℃～700 ℃和P=0.82～0.95 GPa,地温梯度约为25～28 ℃/km,与典型陆壳地温梯度类似。与同邻区主要岩石单元的变质级别相比,五河杂岩应当形成于板内变质环境,并不具备造山带变质特征。     

Emplacement of the La Peña alkaline igneous complex,Mendoza, Argentina (33° S): Implications for the early Miocene tectonic regime in the retroarc of the Andes

The La Peña alkaline complex (LPC) of Miocene age (18–19 Ma) lies on the eastern front of the Precordillera (32°41ʹ34ʺS, 68°59ʹ48″W, 1400–2900 m a.s.l.), 30 km northwest of Mendoza city, Argentina. It is a subcircular massif of 19 km² and 5 km in diameter, intruded in the metasedimentary sequence of the Villavicencio Formation of Silurian-Devonian age. It is the result of integration of multiple pulses derived from one or more deep magma chambers, which form a suite of silicate rocks grouped into: a clinopyroxenite body, a central syenite facies with a large breccia zone at the contact with the clinopyroxenite, bodies of malignite, trachyte and syenite porphyry necks, and a system of radial and annular dikes of different compositions. Its subcircular geometry and dike system distribution are frequent features of intraplate plutons or plutons emplaced in post-orogenic settings. These morphostructural features characterize numerous alkaline complexes worldwide and denote the importance of magmatic pressures that cause doming with radial and annular fracturing, in a brittle country rock. However, in the LPC, the attitude of the internal fabric of plutonic and subvolcanic units and the preferential layout of dikes match the NW–SE extensional fractures widely distributed in the host rock. This feature indicates a strong tectonic control linked to the structure that facilitate space for emplacement, corresponding to the brittle shear zone parallel to the N–S stratigraphy of the country rock. Shearing produced a system of discontinuities, with a K fractal fracture pattern, given by the combination of Riedel (R), anti-Riedel (R′), (P) and extensional (T) fracture systems, responsible for the control of melt migration by the opening of various fracture branches, but particularly through the NW–SE (T) fractures. Five different pulses would have ascent, (1) an initial one from which cumulate clinopyroxenite was formed, (2) a phase of mafic composition represented by dikes cross-cutting the clinopyroxenite, (3) a malignite facies that causes a small breccia in the clinopyroxenite, (4) a central syenite facies that develops breccias at the contact with the clinopyroxenite and, finally, (5) porphyry necks and a system of radial dikes intruding all units. At the moment of the emplacement different mechanisms would have acted, they summarized in: 1) opening of discontinuities synchronous to the magma circulation as the principal mechanism for formation of dikes and conduits; 2) stoping processes, that play an important role in the development of the breccia zone and enabling an efficient transference of material during the emplacement of the syenitic magma and 3) shear-related deformation (regional stress), affected the internal fabric of the facies, causing intracrystalline deformation and submagmatic flow, which is very evident in the central syenite intrusive. The kinematic analysis of shear planes allows proposing that emplacement of the LPC took place in a transtensive regime, which would have occurred in the back-arc of the Andes orogen, during a long period spanning from Miocene to the present, of the compressive deformation responsible, westward and at the same latitude, for the development of the Aconcagua fold and thrust belt.     

大裂隙堵漏剂在神农架矿区复杂地层钻进中的试验应用

通过大裂隙堵漏剂在神农架矿区复杂地层钻进的试验应用,论述了该堵漏剂堵漏性能参数及堵漏机理,总结了用该堵漏剂堵漏的操作方法;简述了野外施工试验的应用过程及应用效果。     

双复杂介质条件下的反Q滤波偏移延拓算子研究

地下介质的非弹性吸收衰减效应造成地震资料中深层信号频带窄、能量弱、成像困难,因此需要对地层的非弹性吸收衰减进行补偿。在已有的补偿方法基础上,基于单程波方程,采用与品质因子和频率相关的复速度代替介质真实速度,将粘滞传播算子在频率—空间域采用连分式展开,得到相移项和补偿项,针对连分式的误差,在频率—波数域进行补偿校正,并用逐步累加法解决起伏地表问题。该方法提高了成像精度,有效补偿了由于地层非弹性吸收造成的振幅和频率损失。模型试算和实际资料处理表明,该方法具有一定的适应性和实用性。     

太行山东麓构造岩浆带在豫北安林地区的活动特点及控矿特征

安林地区的构造活动,对剖析太行山东麓构造岩浆带成生、演化具有一定的代表性。本区自燕山运动开始就受到了变质核杂岩和伸展拆离构造控制,区内主要构造有NNE向和NW向两组,其中NNE向构造在区内等间距形成了五条规模大的深断裂,均具高角度正断层性质。NW向构造形成了天喜镇-磊口北西向构造岩浆岩带,包括了塔山穹窿式背斜和白玉村-宝山墙状岩体,两组构造均对燕山晚期中-碱性岩浆上侵和安林式矽卡岩型铁矿的形成具重要控制作用。     

粤港澳大湾区水路客运网络特征

以粤港澳大湾区水路客运班线为数据来源,运用复杂网络分析方法,分析水路客运网络的基本特征,评估其小世界特性与无标度特征,分析各节点的重要性,测试其鲁棒性与脆弱性,结果发现：1）大湾区水路客运网络基本健全,节点之间能够自由流动,但网络的层级单一,可达性较低的节点占据多数;2）大湾区水路客运网络具有部分小世界网络特性和无标度特性,节点分布呈现马太效应;3）深圳蛇口港在复杂网络中的综合重要性最为突出,比较重要的节点还有香港中港码头、香港国际机场、珠海九州港、澳门外港;4）大湾区南部的水路客运网络相比北部发达,东部比西部发达,空间发展不均衡;5）大湾区水路客运网络具有鲁棒性,生存能力较强,但网络发育不够完善,稳定性较差,难以经受蓄意攻击。整体上,大湾区水路客运网络还有较大的优化提升空间,应加大核心节点保障能力,增强边缘节点的连通性,提升大湾区北部的水路客运能力。     

全球海底光缆传输网络的节点职能与鲁棒性评价

海底光缆传输网络是全球信息传递和要素流动的重要基础设施支撑,国家或地区在全球海底光缆网络中的节点职能和对网络鲁棒性的影响事关国家信息通信安全。在此背景下,研究基于全球网络基础设施Infrapedia数据库,提取了1991—2017年近30年全球光缆分布数据,运用复杂网络分析方法,研究了不同国家或地区在全球光缆网络中承担“传输职能”和“枢纽职能”的特征及其演变,并探究了全球海底光缆网络的鲁棒性。研究发现：①国家或地区的信息传输职能和枢纽职能具有不同的模式;其中信息传输职能较为扁平化,且呈明显廊道格局,咽喉海峡沿线的国家或地区占据重要位置;信息枢纽职能具有明显的等级结构。②毗邻海峡的地缘战略位置、背靠强劲的国家实力、增长迅速的市场需求等共同塑造了全球海底光缆网络中的重要节点。③部分节点（尤其是高中间中心性的节点）发生故障会导致整个网络功能的大幅下降。研究从避免海底光缆链接的单一性、提升全球枢纽职能等方面提出了维护我国海底信息传输安全的启示。     

AutoCAD与ArcGIS数据转换研究与应用

结合珠海市空间数据自适应动态更新系统的建设实践,提出AutoCAD与ArcGIS空间数据转换技术路线。阐述了这一过程中数据标准建立、质量控制和数据转换等关键技术。在此基础上,编程实现AutoCAD与GIS空间数据的相互转换以及空间数据库中GIS数据与AutoCAD数据的直接转换。试验结果显示,AutoCAD空间数据在编码、规整、转换和质检等处理后,可生成符合标准的GIS数据。     

三维激光扫描仪在复杂环境中的应用

随着扫描仪性能的不断提升和对环境适应性的增强,在许多常规测量无法完成的情况下,借助其非接触、远距离测量的特点,可以在特殊环境下完成许多常规测量无法完成的任务。     

Two formulations for dynamic response of a cylindrical cavity in cross‐anisotropic porous media

Two formulations for calculating dynamic response of a cylindrical cavity in cross‐anisotropic porous media based on complex functions theory are presented. The basis of the method is the solution of Biot's consolidation equations in the complex plane. Employing two groups of potential functions for solid skeleton and pore fluid (each group includes three functions), the u–w formulation of Biot's equations are solved. Difference of these two solutions refers to use of two various potential functions. Equations for calculating stress, displacement and pore pressure fields of the medium are mentioned based on each two formulations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.