人工合成硅灰石的发光性质与发光机理的初步研究

在２５４ｎｍ紫外光照激发条件下，对人工合成掺入不同激活离子的低温ＴＣ型和高温型假硅灰石的发光性质进行了实验测定，从微观原子能量谱项讨论了在全的硅灰石基质中Ｅｕ＾３＋和Ｇｄ＾３＋的发光机理，分析了Ｂｉ＾３＋对Ｅｕ＾３＋与Ｐｂ＾２＋对Ｍｎ＾２＋的敏化发光条件，初步探讨了掺放Ｅｕ＾３＋的高温型假硅灰石发光强度减弱的原因。     

离子交换与吸附研究方法

综合文献资料，结合本人研究实践，对离子交换与吸附研究的一些方法做专门介绍．     

线性规划在徐州地下水资源开发中的应用

本文从地下水系统的观点出发,对徐州地区中寒武统—中奥陶统碳酸盐岩地下水系统进行了分析。并应用线性规划的原理和方法对徐州市西郊四个水源地地下水进行了水文地质计算。在规定水位允许降深的约束条件下,求得至2000年,该区地下水最大开采量为14万米~3/天及各水源地相应取水量的最佳分配。文中采用特定条件图解法计算多边界、多主井抽水干扰影响的方法,具有通用意义。     

Some chemical structural features of coals of differing maceral distributions and stratigraphy

Six North American bituminous coals (four Carboniferous and two Cretaceous) and eight maceral concentrates from Carboniferous British seams have been heated with tetralin and hydrogen to 400°C. The hexane-soluble parts of the products were separated by column chromatography and the fractions were then analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In all cases the aromatic hydrocarbon fraction was a very complex mixture containing a number of alkylated biphenyls, diphenylmethanes and -ethanes, and polycyclic compounds. However single ioncchromatography (m/z = 142) showed that, in addition to these, the products from five of the six American coals contained homologous series of long chain n-alkylnapththalenes with alkyl groups extending to C₁₆. In other fractions from the American coals, homologous series of n-alkylfurans and alkylphenols were found to be major components, as also were many alkylcyclohexenones related to isophorone. Extensive homologous series of n-alkyl aromatics were not detected in products from any of six vitrinites from British seams, though series of n- and iso-alkylphenols were found in the products from two sporinite concentrates. A number of polycyclic ketones apparently related to sterols were found in the products from the British vitrinites but not from any American coals. Reasons for what appear to be systematic structural differences between the American and British coals are discussed. Differences in stratigraphy are noted and it seems not impossible that differences in source vegetation are significant.     

Aspects of the cycle of inorganic nitrogen compounds in the tropical rain forest of the Ivory Coast

A partial balance of mineral N is given for the basins of two coastal rivers in a forest zone in the Ivory Coast. The dry and wet depositions on the basin surfaces is given for particulate matter (NO₃ ^–, NH₄ ⁺). The quantity of mineral N washed away in the rivers is evaluated. The losses from leaching of the soils by rainwater are about 0.33 to 1.0% of the atmospheric depositions for NH₄ ⁺–N and 2.2 to 5.8% for NO₃ ^––N. The yearly atmospheric input of N compounds to the ecosystem, about 1.4 g N m^–2 y^–1, is at least 14% of mineral N formed in the soils and is therefore quite significant.     

离子刻蚀全息光栅的研究

利用国产的光刻胶和国产离子刻蚀机在蒸镀的铝基衬底上进行刻蚀全息光栅,在国内是一项较新的技术。本文介绍和论述了该试验工作的工艺过程、参数计算和测试方法,得出了试验结果和参数计算值基本吻合的结论,并指出了进一步改善质量的方向。     

The effect of the Mt St Helens eruption on tropospheric and stratospheric ions

Balloon-borne observations of electrical conductivity in the troposphere and stratosphere were performed using conductivity sondes at Garmisch-Partenkirchen, West Germany, from June to November, 1980, after the Mt St Helens eruption. A significant decrease of atmospheric ions in the altitudes from the troposphere to lower stratosphere has been detected until several months after the eruption in comparison with the observational results obtained before the eruption. Simulteneous ruby lidar observation a month after the eruption indicates an increased amount of aerosol at nearly the same altitude as that of conductivity decrease. Several months after the eruption it appears that aerosols detected by lidar and those effective in reducing ion concentration have different profiles.     

利用AutoPrep技术抑制型电导离子色谱法检测土壤中碘

利用AutoPrep自动样品前处理技术，对土壤燃烧吸收液进行在线预浓缩，抑制型电导进行检测，建立了一种全新思路的检测土壤样品中碘的方法。选择亲水性非常强的氢氧化物选择性IonPac AS16阴离子交换色谱柱，淋洗液发生装置在线产生KOH进行等梯度淋洗，抑制型电导检测。结果表明，对于土壤燃烧吸收液中碘离子的测定，方法检出限（S／N=3）可达1．2μg/L，线性相关系数为0．9998，方法精密度（RSD，n=7）为1．161％～4．566％，回收率在90．6％～100．8％。采用AutoPrep电导检测和脉冲安培检测离子色谱法测定不同土壤样品中的碘，两种方法的检测结果基本一致。方法在提供了稳定的系统空白的同时，还具备自动化程度高、操作简单、重现性好、灵敏度高、系统稳定、节约时间、成本低廉和对环境友好等多方面特点，适合于大批量土壤普查中碘的分析。     

A New Approach for Border Detection of the Dumluca (Turkey) Iron Ore Area: Wavelet Cellular Neural Networks

Anomaly analysis is used for various geophysics applications such as determination of geophysical structure's location and border detections. Besides the classical geophysical techniques, artificial intelligence based image processing algorithms have been found attractive for geophysical anomaly analysis. Recently, cellular neural networks (CNN) have been applied to geophysical data and satisfactory results are reported. CNN provides fast and parallel computational capability for geophysical image processing applications due to its filtering structure. The behavior of CNN is defined by two template matrices that are adjusted by a properly supervised learning algorithm. After training stage for geophysical data, Bouguer anomaly maps can be processed and analyzed sequentially. In this paper, CNN learning and processing capability have been improved, combining Wavelet functions and backpropagation learning algorithms. The new architecture is denoted as Wavelet-Cellular Neural networks (Wave-CNN) and it is employed to analyze Bouguer anomaly maps which are important to extract useful information in geophysics. At first, Wave-CNN performance is tested on synthetic geophysical data, which are created by a computer environment. Then, Bouguer anomaly maps of the Dumluca iron ore field have been analyzed and results are reported in comparison to real drilling results.     

休耕水稻田蓄水对土壤肥力影响试验

主要探讨水稻田休耕期间蓄水对休耕后土壤肥力之影响。选择两块水稻田区,在水稻收割后,将田区翻耕一次。一田区以人工连续灌溉,蓄存水量于田区;另一田区则为天然蓄水。在每一田区四边及中央处,以10cm为一层采取土样,取至60cm。再将每一层土样气干后,通过0.42mm筛网土样混合,分析田区同一层在不同时段与不同深度下之pH值、电导度值、有机质、全氮、有效磷、钙离子、镁离子、钾离子及钠离子之变化。试验结果显示:休耕后水稻根系腐化,造成土壤有机质以及有效磷显著的增加。蓄水后天然蓄水田区有机质和有效磷分别增加51%及88%,连续蓄水田区分别增加13%和69%。而天然蓄水田区镁、钾、钠分别降低35%、24%和47%,连续蓄水田区分别降低29%、14%及41%。