煤矿井下定向钻孔中电阻率探测技术与应用

受高瓦斯/承压奥灰水威胁的工作面开采前,一般采取定向钻进技术在工作面底板开展压裂或注浆工程保障开采安全。利用底板定向钻孔开展孔中探测工作,可更加精细揭露工作面内隐伏构造,还可实现“一孔多用”。为解决定向钻孔内的探测问题,提出一种在水平定向钻孔中进行直流电阻率法探查的方法。定向钻孔施工完毕后,退出定向钻孔施工的通缆钻杆,送入内平钻杆,将孔中高密度电缆通过钻杆尾端特制水便送入钻孔,使孔中电缆平铺于钻孔中,在定向钻孔水平段,进行孔内直流电阻率法径向探测。在理论上通过数值模拟研究层状介质下单孔测量工作模式的接收信号衰减规律、视电阻率曲线变化特征、顶底板岩性对测量结果的影响等,并采用单孔测量数据对孔旁异常范围进行反演定位。数值模拟研究表明,孔中电阻率探测方法对隐伏的异常体有良好的探测效果。通过在陕西韩城某矿井下实际煤层底板探测试验,对研究区2个定向抽采钻孔孔中探测数据进行处理,反演结果异常区与工作面内隐伏小断层位置吻合,验证了定向钻孔中电缆布置的可行性和定向钻孔内通过孔内径向和孔间透视探测隐伏构造的可靠性。      

藏南马扎拉金-锑矿床:成矿流体性质和成矿物质来源

马扎拉金-锑矿床是藏南巨型金-锑成矿带的重要组成部分,其矿床成因目前仍存在不同认识.通过主要矿石和蚀变围岩的岩相学、矿相学、流体包裹体和稳定同位素分析,探讨了马扎拉金-锑矿床的成矿流体性质、矿质迁移和沉淀机制.结果表明,马扎拉金-锑矿床成矿流体主要来自岩浆水,主成矿期流体为中温(约255℃)、低盐度(2.8%~3.5%NaCleqv)、富CO2流体,成矿压力约150 MPa,流体演化过程中的CO2与水的不混溶是造成矿质沉淀的主要原因,成矿金属主要来源于地层,特别是区域广泛分布的海相火山岩地层.     

初论成矿场与矿产勘查意义

成矿场是指地质历史时期某成矿地区引起岩石变形的应力场,承载成矿作用引起流体效应的流体场,以及成矿元素迁移、沉淀、富集、叠加改造形成的物质场的总称.分析了一个成矿地区应力场、流体场、物质场的空间关系、研究内容与研究方法.根据成矿背景、控制因素、成矿环境将其分为7类成矿场,即:逆冲(推覆)-后伸展构造背景成矿场、走滑-伸展(伸展-走滑)-后逆冲构造背景成矿场、中酸性火山(次火山)岩浆活动背景成矿场、基性-超基性岩浆活动背景成矿场、盆地裂谷-海底喷流环境成矿场、外生海相建造环境成矿场、外生陆相建造环境成矿场.对前5类成矿场(以内生矿产为主)进行了系统的内涵表述.在此基础上对前5类成矿场的矿产勘查过程中关键地质因素进行了归纳分析,这对具体矿产勘查工作具有现实的指导意义.     

A Discussion of Concavo-Convex Contacts between Oolites and Quartz Grains in Mixed Siliciclastic-Carbonate Rocks in Huanghua Basin, China

Concavo-convex contacrs between oolites and quartz grains are observed in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate rocks of the lower part of number 1 of Shahejie Formation, beach area, Dagang. Thin sections observation shows that oolite is convex in quartz grain, and oolite is complete. A possible explanation for it is pressure dissolution under alkaline fluid.     

青岛台体应变短周期气压系数变化原因探讨

青岛台体应变短周期(小于128 min)气压系数2018-01出现阶变，通过对观测系统、台站周边施工情况、监测环境等逐项现场核实，排除观测系统、周边施工的影响。利用离散小波变换和回归分析发现，钻孔水位的气压系数与体应变气压系数同步阶变，结合台站钻孔施工当天体应变钻孔水位变化、体应变趋势变化、其他相邻台站水位气压系数变化等数据认为，台站钻孔施工是导致体应变气压系数变化的原因，并定性分析其变化机理。     

青藏高原大尺度地表流体的重力效应特征分析

基于2002~2017年三维大气再分析模型、水文模式及GRACE卫星重力数据,采用负荷格林函数和卫星重力反演方法分析青藏高原大尺度地表流体的重力效应特征。结果表明,青藏高原地区大气扣除季节项前后的重力效应峰对峰变化介于1.9~10.7 μGal和1.1~4.6 μGal,其负荷效应呈现出显著的季节性特征;土壤水和积雪扣除季节项前后的重力效应峰对峰变化介于0.9~9.9 μGal和0.7~8.3 μGal,其负荷效应呈现出显著的季节性和年际变化特征;GRACE时变重力场扣除季节项前后的重力变化峰对峰变化介于4.4~24.1 μGal和3.4~18.3 μGal,考虑观测误差、构造运动和信号泄漏误差的影响,其显著的季节性和年际变化反映了多种地表流体的综合影响。     

Methane-rich fluid inclusions and their hosting volcanic reservoir rocks of the Songliao Basin, NE China

Methane-rich fluids were recognized to be hosted in the reservoir volcanic rocks as primary inclusions.Samples were collected from core-drillings of volcanic gas reservoirs with reversed δ12C of alkane in the Xujiaweizi depression of the Songliao Basin. The volcanic rocks are rhyolite dominant being enriched in the more incompatible elements like Cs, Rb, Ba, Th, U and Th with relative high LREE, depleted HREE and negative anomalies of Ti and Nb,suggesting a melt involving both in mantle source and crustal assimilation. Primary fluids hosted in the volcanic rocks should have the same provenance with the magma. The authors concluded that the enclosed CH4 in the volcanics are mantle/magma-derived alkane and the reversed δ13C of alkane in the corresponding gas reservoirs is partly resulted from mixture between biogenic and abiogenic gases.     

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Parameters affect foaming and foam stability during foam drilling

The authors presented indoor practice experiments of parameters affect on foaming and foam stability. Experiments were carried out and special equipments were used to determine foaming and foam stability; tests were tabulated and charted. The effects of chemical and physical parameters on foaming and foam stability have been conducted.     

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