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61.
62.
新疆雷暴天气过程分型 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对新疆39a雷暴天气资料的普查,得到367次雷暴天气过程,归结出4种天气形势,雷暴天气由冷锋和中尺度高压造成。 相似文献
63.
云南北衙金矿床是滇西北地区与喜山期富碱岩类有关的典型代表之一,矿床成矿与区内富碱岩体(脉)形成与分布具有空间上形影相随,时间上相近或稍晚,成因上密切相关的联系,研究表明,北衙金矿化类型多样,特别是于近期发现的具有特大远景的红土型矿化体,更成为该矿区的一大特色,矿石中金属矿物复杂,蚀变强烈且分带明显,对矿床和相关的富碱岩体(脉)开展的金丰度值,同位素和稀土元素研究表明,富碱岩体本身并不是矿质的源地,成矿流体和主要矿质均源于地球深部,文章初步讨论了岩浆成岩与流体成矿之间的关系,指出岩浆的形成,演化与侵位过程实际上是深部流体上升的载体以及矿质在流体中得以集中并成矿的热机。 相似文献
64.
工程场地的特征与工程地质分区 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
工程场地与城市在空间尺度上相去甚远 ,但工程场地所具备的与环境行为相近的共性 ,使其属性分析可以推广应用到城市建设所面对的整个工程地质环境。从这一意义上说 ,工程场地是整个城市宏观工程地质环境的微观单元 ,众多微观单元的组合构成了环境的宏观总体。为此 ,工程场地的三大属性特性、适宜性、稳定性 ,可以作为城市工程地质环境分析中分析方法的基础。从工程场地分析推广到城市工程地质环境分析 ,还将有助于保证城市工程地质环境分析的定量化水平。 相似文献
65.
一种新的储层孔隙成因类型--石英溶解型次生孔隙 总被引:26,自引:2,他引:26
石英作为碎屑岩储层中的一种难溶组分,普遍认为它和次生孔隙的形成关系不十分密切。研究认为泌阳凹陷核桃园组储层中的碎屑石英颗粒存在明显的溶解现象,并形成以石英直接溶解型孔隙为主的储集空间特征。石英颗粒被溶解的部分在薄片中所占的范围为 2 %~ 7%者常见,高者达 8%以上,在总孔隙中所占的相对含量也多数在10 %~ 35 %之间,早成岩B期是其最主要形成期。石英溶解型次生孔隙的大量存在为碎屑岩储层中SiO2 胶结物及次生孔隙成因等问题的解释以及储层预测和评价提供了新的可能性。 相似文献
66.
25~75℃酸性NaCl溶液中方铅矿的溶解动力学 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在25~75℃、pH=0.43~2.45的1mol/LNaCl溶液中进行了方铅矿的溶解动力学实验。发现在远平衡条件下,方铅矿的溶解速率r与氢离子活度犤H+犦呈线性关系,溶解速率方程(速率定律)为:r=k犤H+犦,即对H+而言,溶解反应为一级。其中速率常数k为2.344×10-7mol/m2·s(25℃)、1.380×10-6mol/m2·s(50℃)、7.079×10-6mol/m2·s(75℃)。溶解反应的活化能为43.54kJ/mol,方铅矿的溶解机理为表面化学反应,速率决定步骤为表面配合物的离解。 相似文献
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69.
The left-lateral Amanos Fault follows a 200-km-long and up to 2-km-high escarpment that bounds the eastern margin of the Amanos mountain range and the western margin of the Karasu Valley in southern Turkey, just east of the northeastern corner of the Mediterranean Sea. Regional kinematic models have reached diverse conclusions as to the role of this fault in accommodating relative motion between either the African and Arabian, Turkish and African, or Turkish and Arabian plates. Local studies have tried to estimate its slip rate by K–Ar dating Quaternary basalts that erupted within the Amanos Mountains, flowed across it into the Karasu Valley, and have since become offset. However, these studies have yielded a wide range of results, ranging from 0.3 to 15 mm a−1, which do not allow the overall role and significance of this fault in accommodating crustal deformation to be determined. We have used the Cassignol K–Ar method to date nine Quaternary basalt samples from the vicinity of the southern part of the Amanos Fault. These basalts exhibit a diverse chemistry, which we interpret as a consequence varying degrees of partial melting of their source combined with variable crustal contamination. This dating allows us to constrain the Quaternary slip rate on the Amanos fault to 1.0 to 1.6 mm a−1. The dramatic discrepancies between past estimates of this slip rate are partly due to technical difficulties in K–Ar dating of young basalts by isotope dilution. In addition, previous studies at the key locality of Hacılar have unwittingly dated different, chemically distinct, flow units of different ages that are juxtaposed. This low slip rate indicates that, at present, the Amanos Fault takes up a small proportion of the relative motion between the African and Arabian plates, which is transferred southward to the Dead Sea Fault Zone. It also provides strong evidence against the long-standing view that its slip continues offshore to the southwest along a hypothetical left-lateral fault zone located south of Cyprus. 相似文献
70.
Mark E. Hodson 《Chemical Geology》2002,190(1-4):91-112
Far-from-equilibrium batch dissolution experiments were carried out on the 2000–500, 500–250, 250–53 and 53–2 μm size fractions of the mineral component of the B horizon of a granitic iron humus podzol after removal of organic matter and secondary precipitates. The different size fractions were mineralogically and chemically similar, the main minerals present being quartz, alkali and plagioclase feldspar, biotite and chlorite. Specific surface area increased with decreasing grain size. The measured element release rates decreased in the order 53–2>>>2000–500>500–250>250–53 μm. Surface area normalised element release rates from the 2000–500, 500–250 and 250–53 μm size fractions (0.6–77×10−14 mol/m2/s) were intermediate between literature reported surface area normalised dissolution rates for monomineralic powders of feldspar (0.1–0.01×10−14 mol/m2/s) and sheet silicates (100×10−14 mol/m2/s) dissolving under similar conditions. Element release rates from the 53–2 μm fraction (400–3000×10−14 mol/m2/s) were a factor of 4–30 larger than literature reported values for sheet silicates. The large element release rate of the 53–2 μm fraction means that, despite the small mass fraction of 53–2 μm sized particles present in the soil, dissolution of this fraction is the most important for element release into the soil. A theoretical model predicted similar (within a factor of <2) bulk element release rates for all the mineral powders if observed thicknesses of sheet silicate grains were used as input parameters. Decreasing element release rates with decreasing grain size were only predicted if the thickness of sheet silicates in the powders was held constant. A significantly larger release rate for the 53–2 μm fraction relative to the other size fractions was only predicted if either surface roughness was set several orders of magnitude higher for sheet silicates and several orders of magnitude lower for quartz and feldspars in the 53–2 μm fraction compared to the other size fractions or if the sheet silicate thickness input in the 53–2 μm fraction was set unrealistically low. It is therefore hypothesised that the reason for the unpredicted large release rate from the 52–3 μm size fraction is due to one or more of the following reasons: (1) the greater reactivity of the smaller particles due to surface free energy effects, (2) the lack of proportionality between the BET surface area used to normalise the release rates and the actual reactive surface area of the grains and, (3) the presence of traces quantities of reactive minerals which were undetected in the 53–2 μm fraction but were entirely absent in the coarser fractions. 相似文献