高压旋喷技术在基坑护壁与止水工程中的应用

长沙天都大厦工程围护墙先后采用2套方案施工,实践证明,采用高压旋喷单管双液分喷法具有设备简单;投资少;操作容易,施工速度快;桩间搭接严密,固结体强度高;适用范围广等优点,尤其在处理软弱地基、基坑支护和止水工程中显示出有效性、可靠性和优越性。该方法再经进一步完善,将具广阔的推广前景。     

煤田勘查超千米深孔快速钻进技术探讨

针对目前国内煤田勘查主要机具及工艺技术方法存在的主要问题,结合煤田勘查地层地质条件和超千米深孔施工要求,研制了液压立轴式HTJ-2000型钻机和新型绳索取心钻具,并就配套设备选型、钻进工艺、钻进参数、泥浆指标及应用效果进行了阐述.该项技术的应用,已明显提高了钻效,使钻孔深度达到1 350m.     

Analytic Solution of Interaction Between Surface Waves and Floating Elastic Plates with Elastic End-Restraints

Based on the dynamic theories of water waves and Mindlin plates,the analytic solution of interaction between surface waves and two-dimensional floating elastic plates with edge-restraint is constructed by use of the Wiener-Hopf technique.Firstly,without regard for elastic edge restraint,the wave-induced responses of elastic floating plate analyzed by the present method are in good agreement with the results from literature and experimental results.Therefore,it can be shown that the present method is valid.Secondly,three end-restraint cases(i.e.,the left-end elastic restraints,the both-end elastic restraints,and the right-end elastic restraints)are proposed to reduce the vibration of floating plates,in which the spring is used to connect the sea bottom and the floating plate's left(or right)edge.The relations between the spring stiffness and the parameters of wave-induced responses of floating plates are discussed.Moreover,the effective method to reduce the vibration of floating elastic plates can be obtained through comparison.     

基于图像熵的卫星云图分类方法

介绍一种基于图像熵和自动分割技术的卫星云图阂值分类方法,重点解决普通阈值法中阈值不确定性的问题。采用自动分割方法进行云图的划分,结合图像纹理特征信息,通过统计分析来确定具体的阈值。将该方法应用于2007年7月上旬淮河流域的暴雨过程,并与美国GOES卫星分层阈值进行类比,分析了两种阈值与地面实况降水间的关系。结果表明,该方法能够在卫星估算降水过程中增强对不同类型降水的识别能力,是一种有效的卫星云图分类方法。     

Historical trophic evolutions and their ecological responses from shallow lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: Case studies on Longgan Lake and Taibai Lake

The evolutions of diatom floras and the total phosphorous (TP) concentrations in the historical period were reconstructed for two lakes, Longgan and Taibai in the middle Yangtze River,based on high resolutional fossil diatom study from two sediment cores and an established regional diatom-TP transfer function. The TP concentration in Longgan Lake changed slightly in the range of 36-62 μg/L and kept its middle trophic level in the past 200 years. The changes of diatom assemblages reflect a macrophyte-dominated history of the lake. During the nineteenth century, the lake TP concentration increased comparatively, corresponding to the increase in abundance of benthic diatoms. The progressive increase of epiphytic diatoms since the onset of the twentieth century indicates the development of aquatic plants, coinciding with the twice drops of water TP level. The TP concentration in Taibai Lake kept a stable status about 50 μg/L before 1953 AD, while diatoms dominated by facultative planktonic Aulacoseira granulata shifted quickly to epiphytic diatom species, indicating a rapid expansion of aquatic vegetation. During 1953-1970 AD, the coverage of aquatic plants decreased greatly inferred by the low abundance of epiphytic diatoms as well as declined planktonic types, and the reconstructed TP concentration shows an obvious rising trend firstly, suggesting the beginning of the lake eutrophication. The lake was in the eutrophic condition after 1970, coinciding with the successive increase of planktonic diatoms. The comparison of the two lakes suggests the internal adjustment and purification function of aquatic plants for nutrients in water. The discrepancy of TP trends in the two lakes after 1960 reflects two different patterns of lake environmental response to human disturbance. Sediments in Taibai Lake clearly recorded the process of lake ecological transformation from the macrophyte-dominated stage to the algae-dominated stage. The limits of TP concentration (68-118 μg/L) in the transitional state can be considered as the critical value between the two stable ecosystems. Further work will be necessary to provide more evidence from the sediments in more eutrophic lakes for the primary inference. The reconstructive TP level and the inference of aquatic plants from fossil diatoms in different lakes, as well as their comparison provide a scientific basis for ecological restoration of eutrophic lakes in research regions.     

中全新世云南寻甸地区气候演化过程及其驱动机制初步研究

通过对云南寻甸仙人洞XR1石笋进行TIMS-U系测年、氧碳同位素、有机碳含量分析,重建了寻甸地区中全新世季风气候演化模式:(1)8.0～6.0kaB.P.为温暖湿润期;(2)6.0～5.1kaB.P.为气候突变期,气候由温湿变为冷干;(3)5.1～2.1kaB.P.为凉干期。通过石笋有机碳含量与石笋δ18O记录对比,认为石笋有机碳可以反映气候变化,但是存在滞后效应。最后,利用XR1石笋δ18O记录与北半球33°N太阳辐射量,本文初步分析了云南寻甸地区中全新世气候变化的驱动因素:寻甸地区中全新世气候的整体变化趋势受33°N太阳辐射量控制,同时受中全新世火山活动的影响。      

Tropospheric Wet Refractivity Tomography Based on the BeiDou Satellite System简

This paper presents a novel approach for assessing the precision of the wet refractivity field using BDS （BeiDou navigation satellite system） simulations only,GPS,and BDS＋GPS for the Shenzhen and Hongkong GNSS network.The simulations are carried out by adding artificial noise to a real observation dataset.Instead of using the δ and σ parameters computed from slant wet delay,as in previous studies,we employ the Bias and RMS parameters,computed from the tomography results of total voxels,in order to obtain a more direct and comprehensive evaluation of the precision of the refractivity field determination.The results show that：（1） the precision of tropospheric wet refractivity estimated using BDS alone （only 9 satellites used） is basically comparable to that of GPS; （2） BDS＋GPS （as of current operation） may not be able to significantly improve the data＇s spatial density for the application of refractivity tomography; and （3） any slight increase in the precision of refractivity tomography,particularly in the lower atmosphere,bears great significance for any applications dependent on the Chinese operational meteorological service.     

基于3DSMAX环境的3维场景重建工具

介绍了3DSMAX中利用DEM和数字正射影像重建真实3维场景的方法，通过MAXScript和VC混合编程，在3DSMAX4.0环境中构建了一个3维环境重建工具，利用该工具可以导入Leica/HelavaDPW数字投影测量工作站采集的DEM数据和建筑物数据，自动生成地形模型和建筑物模型，重建真实的3维场景，该工具支持DXF、DSW等通用CAD数据的输入，并可以把场景数据输出为虚拟现实造型语言（VRML）文件。     

基于PIV技术不同形式防波堤周围涡旋场特性研究(英文)

深水防波堤周围流场存在复杂的紊动变化,防波堤较容易发生失效破坏。本文利用PIV技术,基于模型实验,对规则波作用下防波堤周围的速度流场及其涡流特性进行了实验研究,获得了规则波流场的瞬时速度分布。通过对不同型式防波堤在不同的水力条件下的波浪流场实验数据的分析,定量地研究了防波堤堤身水域的涡旋流场的水力特性。     

冲、爆、钻复合性钻进工艺在大滚石、孤石桩孔中的应用

在大口径工程施工中，采用以往一般方法对付某些特殊复杂地层效果欠使。本文所介绍的采用钢丝绳冲击钻迸、爆破与硬质合金回转钻进（即冲、爆、钻）相结合复合性钻进工艺，基本解决了在大滚石、孤石桩孔中难以施工的问题。