墨绿色钠长石玉的初步研究

以墨绿色钠长石玉样品为研究对象,采用常规的宝石学测试、偏光显微镜、电子探针、X射线粉末衍射等分析方法,从宝石学特征、矿物组成、结构特征、有序度等方面,对该钠长石玉进行了较全面的研究。结果表明,墨绿色钠长石玉的折射率为1.53（点测）,密度约为2.64g/cm^3;其薄片中矿物晶体的形态主要呈半自形-他形粒状、短柱状和纤维状,结构主要有糜棱结构和纤维粒状变晶结构,主要矿物组成为钠长石和角闪石。电子探针的化学成分分析显示,样品中钠长石的An值小于0.006,说明钠长石的成分很纯;所含的角闪石种类主要为镁钠铁闪石。由X射线粉末衍射峰数据计算出钠长石的结构有序度极接近于1,其为完全有序的低钠长石,形成温度低于300℃。本文填补了钠长石玉研究中的一些空缺,为钠长石玉的系统性和综合性研究提供一些有意义的理论成果。     

赣东北蛇绿岩中的埃达克型花岗岩--地球化学和Nd同位素证据

报道了赣东北蛇绿岩中西湾钠长花岗岩的地球化学和Nd同位素研究结果,它的许多特征与现代环太平洋地区的埃达克岩(Adakite)极为相似,包括高Al2O3(15％～17％),Sr(383×10^-6～920×10^-6)和Sr／Y(166～444),低HREE(Yb=0．14×10^-6～0．21×10^-6)和Y(1．66×10^-6～2．81×10^-6)以及高εNd(t)值(+4．9～+6．9)。与现代典型埃达克岩的差异仅在西湾钠长花岗岩具有异常高的Na2O／K2O(12～37),Na2O／CaO(2．7～3．6)比值和异常低的MREE(Sm=0．6×10^-6～1．2×10^-6)和HREE含量。上述地球化学特征表明,西湾钠长花岗岩为俯冲的细碧岩化的洋壳玄武岩(MORB)在高压条件下小比例部分熔融形成,源区残留矿物相有较大比例的角闪石和石榴石,而缺少斜长石。这种形成过程类似于现代的埃达克岩的成因。     

湖南尖峰岭稀有金属花岗岩地球化学特征及成矿作用

湖南尖峰岭矿床是一个典型的花岗岩型Li、Nb和Ta稀有金属矿床,为研究花岗岩成矿作用以及指导湘南地区稀有金属找矿工作,采用XRF、ICP-MS和ISE法分析了与成矿有关的黑云母花岗岩、钠长石花岗岩及云英岩的中主量、微量元素和挥发分。结果表明:钠长石花岗岩和云英岩中的SiO_2(70.6%~84.85%)和挥发分F(2.43%~3.74%)质量分数高,富Al_2O_3(9.36%~22.99%),且A/CNK1.0,为过铝质岩石,全碱(w(Na_2O+K_2O)=1.51%~7.52%)和w(CaO)(0.1%~3.44%)变化大,w(Fe_2O_3)、w(MgO)、w(TiO_2)、w(MnO)、w(P_2O_5)较低;稀土元素组成具显著的Eu负异常和"M"型四分组效应,强烈富集Rb、Th、U、Nb、Ta元素,亏损Ba、Sr、Ti元素。花岗岩地球化学特征显示在演化过程中经历了高程度分异演化作用和岩浆不混溶作用,其挥发分F对稀有元素有明显的富集作用,并制约着熔体/流体体系的地球化学行为及其成矿效应。钠长石花岗岩和云英岩的稀有金属富集成矿受到岩浆不混溶作用、水岩反应、风化淋滤作用的共同控制。     

陕西旬北地区钠长石岩与热水沉积成矿

近年来,旬北铅锌矿集区发现了长达近百公里的铅锌矿带及钠长石岩带,铅锌矿多顺层整合产在以志留系为主的细碎屑岩中,沉积特征明显,含矿层内热水沉积岩发育,围岩蚀变不明显,矿体下部钠长石岩发育,底板多见铁碳酸盐岩,矿层内常见热水沉积微晶硅质岩,矿石多具块状、层状、层纹状构造。热水沉积可能是铅锌矿主要成矿方式,成矿物质来自盆下深处。     

藏南江孜盆地下白垩统硅化层的地质地球化学特征及其成矿意义

西藏南部江孜盆地的下白垩统地层为一套浊积海底扇沉积序列。在沙拉岗一带, 这套地层中发育一段明显的硅化层。矿物学和岩石地球化学分析表明: 硅化层主要由硅化程度不等的硅化泥岩和硅化灰岩组成, 其矿物组成单调,主要包括石英、低温钠长石和被交代残余的方解石; 硅化泥岩的地球化学特征以继承原岩为主, 而硅化灰岩则受硅化流体改造的程度较大; 硅化灰岩中的微量元素随着硅化程度的递进表现出4种类型的迁移规律, 硅化灰岩的w(∑REE)和w(LREE) /w(HREE)等指标均与硅化程度成正相关关系。综合这些特征表明, 参与硅化层发育的流体可能是一种富SiO2 的偏碱性中低温热流体, 它的活动导致了硅化层的发育并可能和该区内锑矿的产生具有直接的成因联系。     

Experimental studies of interaction between water and albite melts

On the basis of FTIR and Raman spectra studies on hydrous albite glasses, it is found that there exist two water solubility mechanisms in albite melts simultaneously. On the one hand, water interacts with Al -O°-Al to produce the Q3 Al-OH, leading to depolymerization, and this results in the appearance of 4500 cm(1 in FTIR spectra and 900 cm(1 in Raman spectra. On the other hand, the exchange of H+ in water with Na+ in albite melt as charge-balancing cation occurs at the same time. In the initial stage, the production of Al -OH is the dominant solubility mechanism, at the stage of higher water contents, the exchange of H+ with Na+ becomes the important dissolution mechanism. The dissolution of water into albite melt can be expressed as H2O+ 3NaAlSi3O8 = 2NaAl(OH)Si3O7.5 +HAlSi3O8 +NaOH.     

Decompression-induced growth of albite porphyroblasts, Fleur de Lys Supergroup, western Newfoundland

Abstract Albite porphyroblasts are widely distributed in pelitic and semi-pelitic schists of the Fleur de Lys Supergroup, western Newfoundland. Textures and mineral assemblages indicate that albite grew during nearly isothermal decompression from P-T conditions of about 500° C, 9 kbar, to conditions of 550° C, 6.5 kbar. Three compositional varieties of albite-bearing schists, here termed PMAQ (paragonite-muscovite-albite-quartz), MMAQ (microcline-muscovite-albite-quartz), and PMMQ (paragonite-muscovite-margarite-quartz), can be distinguished on the basis of pre-porphyroblast mineral assemblages. Analysis of these assemblages in terms of the composition of the coexisting fluid [log a (Na⁺/H⁺) versus log a (K⁺/H⁺)] suggests that, as pressure and temperature changed, the stability field of albite expanded at the expense of coexisting matrix phyllosilicates. This promoted growth of albite on pre-existing or newly formed nuclei. Late oligoclase in PMAQ and PMMQ samples is associated with replacement of matrix garnet by plagioclase + mica ° Chlorite, particularly in strongly sheared samples.     

含方霜晶石的羟硅铝石-地开石粘土脉——一种新型的低温热液蚀变岩脉

铁锂云母钠长花岗岩中发现了新型的低温热液蚀变产物——含方霜晶石的羟硅铝石-地开石粘土脉。描述了粘土脉的地质背景、岩石学特征,以及方霜晶石、羟硅铝石的矿物学特征。讨论了这一发现的岩石学和矿物学的意义。     

温度对斜长石变形双晶类型的控制

石咀地区前寒武纪片麻岩内的斜长石大量发育变形双晶。在所统计的９个样品内，有６个榈的钠长石双晶几率高于肖钠双晶，其余３个榈的肖钠双晶几率高于钠长石双晶。这些样品的变形温度测定结果表明，变形时的温度对变形双晶的类型起着决定性的作用，高温时优先产生肖钠双晶，低温时优先产生钠长石双晶。据现有资料，这一温度界线大约在６００℃左右。     

Alteration at the Olympic Dam IOCG–U deposit: insights into distal to proximal feldspar and phyllosilicate chemistry from infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Twenty thousand metres of diamond drill core representing a 14 km cross-section from weakly to intensely altered Roxby Downs Granite through the Olympic Dam Breccia Complex, host to the Olympic Dam iron-oxide–copper–gold–uranium deposit in South Australia, was analysed using the HyLogger-3 spectral scanner. Thermal and shortwave infrared spectroscopy results from 30 drill holes provide insight into the spatial relationships between quartz, orthoclase–microcline, albite–oligoclase and progressively changing sericite and chlorite compositions. The relative proportions of quartz, feldspars and phyllosilicates were mapped with thermal infrared spectroscopy. Variations in the chemistry of sericite and chlorite were extracted by proxy from their shortwave infrared spectral response, together with their relative spatial distribution. HyLogger scanning has revealed four deposit-scale mineralogical trends, progressing from least-altered Roxby Downs Granite into mineralisation where most of the feldspar has been replaced by sericite + hematite + quartz: (1) a progressive Al–OH wavelength shift of 2205 nm to 2210 nm for sericite, followed by a spatially rapid reversal corresponding to lower phengite/muscovite abundance ratios; (2) progressive Mg/Fe–OH wavelength shift of 2248 nm to 2252 nm reflecting an increase in the Fe:Mg ratio of chlorite; (3) increasing ratio of microcline to orthoclase followed by a rapid decrease; and (4) slightly decreasing ratio of albite to oligoclase followed by plagioclase destruction prior to albite replacement by sericite. The HyLogger feldspar results support recent petrographic evidence for hydrothermal albite and K-feldspar at the Olympic Dam deposit, not previously reported. The spectral results from continuous HyLogger scans also show that the microscopic observations and proposed feldspar replacement reactions are not locally isolated phenomena, but are applicable at the deposit and regional-scale. A modified quartz–K-feldspar–plagioclase ternary diagram utilising mineralogy interpreted from HyLogger thermal infrared spectra (QAP_TIR) diagram along with supporting data on the abundance ratios of orthoclase/microcline and albite/plagioclase, and the wavelength shifts in characteristic absorption features for sericite and chlorite, can be used as empirical vectors towards mineralisation within the Olympic Dam mineral system, with potential application to other IOCG ore-forming systems. Intrusion of Gairdner Dyke Swarm dolerite dykes into sericite ± hematite altered Roxby Downs Granite results in retrograde albite–chlorite–magnetite alteration envelopes (up to tens of metres thick) overprinting the original sericite ± hematite alteration zone and needs to be carefully evaluated to ensure that such areas are not falsely downgraded during exploration.