用质子磁力仪测定岩(矿)石标本磁参数时应注意的问题

岩(矿)石标本磁参数测定结果的精确性直接影响磁异常反演精度,对正确推断地质结论具有特别重要的意义。在进行高精度磁测磁参数测定过程中,发现利用质子磁力仪测定岩(矿)石标本磁参数时,按过去介绍的方法测定、计算的磁化率、剩余磁化强度普遍比实际值偏大一到十几倍,在分析和确定引起误差的原因后,提出了改进的方法,即要用岩(矿)石标本所产生的磁感应强度代替其梯度进行磁参数的计算而不能用其梯度值来求磁参数。并应注意如避开探头中级化场对标本磁化的影响,用第一位置测定以减少位置不准所产生的计算误差等问题。将改进方法用于后续研究的岩(矿)石标本磁参数测定,用其结果进行磁异常反演,求得磁性体埋藏深度、产状等与实际情况相符合。     

A theoretical and experimental comparison of the anisotropies of magnetic susceptibility and remanence in rocks and minerals

Summary. Susceptibility, thermo-remanent magnetization (TRM) and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) anisotropy ellipsoids have been determined for several rock samples. The results indicate that the ellipsoid of initial susceptibility is less anisotropic than the TRM and low field IRM ellipsoids which are found experimentally to be of identical shape. This suggests that palaeomagnetic data for anisotropic rocks may be corrected by using the anisotropy ellipsoid determined from magnetically non-destructive low field IRM measurements. Such IRM measurements can also be used to obtain anisotropy axes of samples which are inherently anisotropic but which have a susceptibility which is too weak to be accurately measured. The results for a series of artificial anisotropic samples containing magnetite particles of different sizes (in the range 0.2–90 μm) were very similar to those for the rocks. In contrast, a comparison of the susceptibility and IRM ellipsoids for anisotropic samples containing particles from a magnetic tape gave very different results in accordance with theory. Such results imply that susceptibility and IRM ellipsoids could be used to determine whether anisotropic rocks contain uniaxial single-domain particles (magnetization confined to the easy axis) or whether the particles are essentially multidomain.     

中高山区高精度航磁视磁化强度填图方法

利用GPS高度和DTM高度数据,通过地形等效变换方法进行中高山区视磁化强度填图,避开了目前还不太有效的曲面地形改正方法问题,获得了精度较高的视磁化强度反演结果．这种适合于起伏地形、起伏测量面的视磁化强度填图方法为今后中高山地区航磁异常解释提供了一个可行的方法和解决问题的新思路．本文给出了中高山区起伏观测面下航磁资料的无负值视磁化强度填图方法,并通过模型和实际资料处理验证了这种方法的正确性．     

The Early Tertiary chemical remagnetization in the Bakjisan Syncline, Korea: Its geotectonic implications

The Bakjisan Syncline is located in the northwestern part of the Taebaeksan Basin, Korea. New paleomagnetic data for the Upper Carboniferous–Lower Triassic Pyeongan Supergroup from the Pyeongchang area on the west limb of the Bakjisan Syncline have been obtained, and synthesized and compared with previous data from the Jeongseon area on the east limb of the syncline. A total of 350 specimens were collected from 21 sites to clarify the relationship between the spatial distribution of remagnetized areas and the thrust system in the Taebaeksan Basin. The characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) isolated from all samples was a remagnetized component acquired after tilting of the strata and carried by various magnetic minerals (magnetite, hematite and pyrrhotite). From rock magnetic studies, electron microscope observations and XRD analyses, the pervasive remagnetization is interpreted to be associated mainly with a fluid-mediated chemical remanent magnetization (CRM). This is consistent with the results of previous work in adjacent areas. The paleomagnetic pole position (88.3°E, 83.9°N, A₉₅ = 4.9°) from the Pyeongan Supergroup in the Bakjisan Syncline indicates that the timing of the remagnetization event is Early Tertiary times (i.e. Paleocene to Eocene) by comparison with reliable paleopoles from the Korean Peninsula. Early Tertiary CRMs are also reported from previous studies of an adjacent region within the northwestern part of the Taebaeksan Basin. In contrast, a primary remanent magnetization was reported in the southeastern part of the Taebaeksan Basin. This implies that the major thrust system (the Gakdong thrust) which separates the two regions has caused them to experience substantially different geologic histories since deposition of the strata. Since many thrusts with NS trend are observed in the northwestern part of the Taebaeksan Basin compared with the southeastern region, it appears that the remagnetizing fluids pervasively penetrated the northwestern part of the basin by utilizing the already well-developed thrust system.     

菱铁矿热转变过程中岩石磁学性质基本特征

利用吉林大栗子铁矿纯菱铁矿样品,系统测量了菱铁矿在空气环境下热处理产物的磁化特征．揭示出其饱和等温剩磁（ＳＩＲＭ）、剩磁矫顽力（Ｈ（ｃｒ））和居里温度（Ｔｃ）随加热温度升高而发生的系列变化,美铁矿氧化过程中准稳定态磁性矿物磁赤铁矿（ｒ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）是中间产物之一,并且具有较高的热稳定性．Ｘ射线衍射和穆斯堡尔（Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ）效应等分析结果证实了岩石磁学研究所揭示的菱铁矿氧化中磁性矿物转变过程．菱铁矿氧化过程中结晶结构的转变可能会影响其氧化产物的磁性特征．     

基于剩磁各向异性方法对华北下三叠统红层磁倾角浅化效应的研究

本文报道利用岩石剩磁组构对华北下三叠统红层进行磁倾角浅化效应的进一步识别与校正研究结果.首先,采用45°等温剩磁各向异性方法,即通过沿与样品原始水平面（即层面）呈45°夹角方向施加磁化场获得等温剩磁,并进行逐步热退磁,获得平行于层面和垂直于层面的等温剩磁分量随外加磁场和热退磁温度的变化趋势,计算获得浅化因子f=0.70.其次,应用高场等温剩磁各向异性方法,结合峰值为100 mT的交变退磁和120℃热退磁处理,分离获得碎屑赤铁矿对剩磁各向异性的贡献;由直接测量获得的单颗粒碎屑赤铁矿的各向异性度（a=1.35）,计算获得f=0.59.该结果与前人对刘家沟组红层进行E/I法磁倾角浅化校正的结果（f=0.60）具有很好的一致性;表明华北下三叠统刘家沟组红层磁倾角浅化效应显著,其浅化因子为f=0.59;高场等温剩磁各向异性方法是红层磁倾角浅化校正的最有效方法.同时,如果有足够的独立样品数,且特征剩磁来自于单一剖面或有证据表明多条采样剖面之间未发生显著的相对运动,E/I法对红层磁倾角浅化因子的估计也是可信的.