西北地区矿产资源潜力地球化学评价中成矿元素异常的圈定方法

地球化学方法是矿产资源潜力评价的重要手段,特别是在资源潜力预测评价的潜力区优选中尤为重要。但在工作实践中发现,用统一的异常下限圈定异常,常常会出现"有矿无异常或有异常无矿"的信息错位,给资源潜力地球化学评价工作中的异常定位造成困惑。经过对比分析认为:应用经滑动平均处理得到的滑动平均衬值数据绘制等量线图和相应的异常图,是解决区域性地球化学评价工作中异常信息错位的有效手段。在西北地区(包括各省区),滑动平均窗口大小选择49km×49km为宜。经过这种数据处理后圈定的异常图可以有效地解决异常信息错位现象,明显压制高背景异常,突出低背景区的弱小异常,同时也很好地显示了区域异常带的展布规律,间接地反映了区域构造和控矿构造的空间特征。     

西藏尼玛盆地油页岩的发现及其地质意义

<正>青藏高原在长期复杂的演化过程中发育了一系列时代与类型不同的含油气盆地,但由于古生代以来冈瓦纳大陆裂解和特提斯洋的开启-闭合-造山作用的影响,特别是新生代以来印度-欧亚板块强烈碰撞造山和高原隆升作用的影响,含油气盆地受到了不同程度的改造,加之恶劣的自然环境,青藏高原成为中国目前油气地质研究和勘探程度最低的地区。     

福建邵武观音山钼矿床的地质特征及其成因探讨

邵武观音山钼矿体产于早二叠世栖霞组(P1q)中,矿体呈层状、似层状,容矿岩石为透辉石石榴子石矽卡岩,成矿作用在时间、空间上与燕山期岩浆活动密切相关,属热液交代矽卡岩型钼矿床。     

滁州市矿山地质环境现状及保护治理对策

滁州市地处皖东,地跨长江、淮河两大流域,全市工业化发展迅速,矿业在该市经济社会发展中占有重要地位。通过对滁州市矿产资源特点的叙述,结合矿产资源的开采利用现状和已经产生的矿山地质环境问题、治理方式和效果,指出了滁州市矿山地质环境保护困难的主要原因是:矿山地质环境保护意识淡薄、矿产资源开发与地质环境保护不协调、监察执法难以到位和历史遗留问题难以解决等,提出了滁州市矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理的具体对策。     

长江口新桥水道动力地貌变化过程研究

以泰国湾 T155号柱状沉积物为研究对象,利用地球化学和矿物学手段探讨了全新世以来泰国湾古气候演化历史。(La/Sm)UCC-(Gd/Yb)UCC指示了全新世以来泰国湾西南部物质来源较为稳定,主要来自于马来半岛,季风控制下的沿岸流是其主要驱动力。通过对高岭石/(绿泥石+伊利石)(ωk/(ωc+ωl))、化学蚀变指数(CIA)和钾铝质量分数比值(ωK/ωAl)的变化规律进行综合研究,将全新世以来泰国湾古气候演化过程划分为两个阶段:①早中全新世(12000~6500calaBP):ωk/(ωc+ωl)值和CIA 值较高,ωK/ωAl值则较低,指示了该段时期强盛的东亚季风;发生于11200~10500calaBP和8500~7500calaBP的冷事件指示了泰国湾对新仙女木事件和8.2ka冷事件的响应;②中全新世(6500calaBP)以来:ωk/(ωc+ωl)值和 CIA 值明显下降,ωK/ωAl值则逐渐上升,指示了该段时间东亚季风呈逐渐减弱的趋势;在3200~1800calaBP时地球化学和黏土矿物指标呈现一个明显低值,对应于热带海域“斜氏普林虫低值事件”,揭示了全球气候变化在泰国湾海域良好的区域性响应特征。     

Mineral occurrence for Dachang gold deposit and its impact on gold recovery rate in Qumarleb County,Qinghai

Based on X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis of the Dachang gold ore, it is showed that the sulfide of ore is the main carrier minerals of gold. A majority of gold is embedded in pyrite and tetrahedrite as the form of inclusion and a small amount intergrowth with pyrite and gangue mineral, occasionally the presence is in form of monomer natural gold. The main factors which influence the recovery rate are sulfide mineral particle size, and the fine grained sulfide is beneficial for the dissociation and flotation of gold bearing minerals. The monomer dissociation degree of gold bearing minerals can reach 91.3% , when the grinding fineness is less than 0. 074 mm and grain level accounts as 80%. It is not conducive to the flotation of sulfide if the grinding fineness is low or high. It is difficult to completely dissociate the monomer if there is a small amount of pyrite and arsenopyrite in the ore. Therefore, before leaching the gold, it must conduct pretreatment to reach the ideal recovery rate of the gold, like roasting oxidation, pressure oxidation and biological oxidation. The fine microscopic gold has little influence on the gold recovery rate.     

硫化铜矿生物浸出过程热力学研究

绘制了Cu-Fe-S-H2O体系在不同温度、反应物浓度条件下的E-pH图。通过分析比较发现,体系反应温度升高,有利于矿物溶解浸出反应的进行,反应物浓度应保持在一定的范围内,更有利于浸出反应的进行;热力学计算的反应物及产物在氧化浸出体系的变化与工业生产基本一致。     

围岩蚀变对内生金属矿床勘查的意义

围岩蚀变对于研究热液矿床元素富集规律、指导找矿都具有极其重要的意义。文章从围岩蚀变是矿质沉淀的重要机制、围岩蚀变是重要的找矿标志、围岩蚀变在地球物理、地球化学找矿信息提取中的响应等方面阐述围岩蚀变对成矿与找矿的贡献。     

南黄海北部B03孔沉积物的重矿物特征及物源指示意义

本文对取自南黄海北部的B03孔岩芯(330cm)沉积物进行了粒度和重矿物特征分析,并运用电子探针技术,分析了其典型层位角闪石的矿物化学特征。研究表明,B03孔柱状样为均一连续的粉砂质沉积,重矿物含量较低(平均仅0.65%),主要为云母类和闪石类矿物,岩芯以85cm处为界分为上、下2个沉积层,其重矿物组合分别为普通角闪石-云母类矿物-绿帘石和云母类矿物-普通角闪石-绿帘石。角闪石的EPMA分析显示其种属主要为镁角闪石,其次为镁钙闪石、铁镁钙闪石及阳起石,成因以中酸性侵入岩与中高级变质岩为主,上下沉积层角闪石特征元素Mg/Fe2+比值分别为2.03、1.90。综合分析认为,岩芯的主要物源为黄河源物质及山东半岛陆架基岩剥蚀产物的混源,上下沉积层的矿物特征差异暗示了沉积物源发生了变化,其分界线可能代表了黄河1855年改道事件在山东半岛东部陆架的区域响应。     

Spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxide components in depression between karst hills,Southwest China

In karst regions,the spatial heterogeneity of soil mineral oxides and environmental variables is still not clear.We investigated the spatial heterogeneity of SiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,CaO,MgO,P2O5,K2O,and MnO contents in the soils of slope land,plantation forest,secondary forest,and primary forest,as well as their relationships with environmental variables in a karst region of Southwest China.Geostatistics,principal component analysis(PCA),and canonical correlation analysis(CCA)were applied to analyze the field data.The results show that SiO2was the predominant mineral in the soils(45.02%–67.33%),followed by Al2O3and Fe2O3.Most soil mineral oxide components had a strong spatial dependence,except for CaO,MgO,and P2O5in the plantation forest,MgO and P2O5in the secondary forest,and CaO in the slope land.Dimensionality reduction in PCA was not appropriate due to the strong spatial heterogeneity in the ecosystems.Soil mineral oxide components,the main factors in all ecosystems,had greater influences on vegetation than those of conventional soil properties.There were close relationships between soil mineral oxide components and vegetation,topography,and conventional soil properties.Mineral oxide components affected species diversity,organic matter and nitrogen levels.