岩溶地区隧道施工综合预报技术案例分析

由于岩溶地区隧道地质条件的复杂性,在隧道施工过程中实施准确及时的隧道综合地质超前预报是非常有必要的,并且对隧道内不同段落进行风险评价和风险分级,以实现和提高对岩溶隧道不良地质灾害的综合预报。此次研究以伊家岩隧道为工程背景,通过严格实施该综合超前地质预报方案,成功预报了隧道掌子面前方的岩溶,结合预报结果和实际揭露的对比分析,其综合预报准确率可到90%以上,证实了该综合预报方法具有较高的系统性和工作效率,有效地指导了隧道的安全施工,为同类工程提供了技术资料和经验。     

污水生物脱氮除磷新工艺的研究

传统的生物脱氮除磷技术效率低下,导致氮、磷去除率不迭标,是造成水体的富营养化的主要原因.概述了传统生物脱氮除磷原理,分析了传统生物脱氮除磷工艺的不足,并介绍了反硝化除磷、同时硝化反硝化、短程硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化等几种生物脱氮除磷新技术的原理与典型工艺.最后对生物脱氮除磷技术的发展趋势进行了展望,指出经济、高效、低能耗...     

nhanced Destriping of Satellite Data of Ice Surface in Antarctica

This paper briefly reviews the cause of the striping and then develops a tapered (Chebwin & Kaiser) window finite impulse response (FIR) filter and a constrained least squares FIR filter by reason of the striping of ASTER satellite data . Both filters minimize the stripes in the visible data and simultaneously minimize any distortion in the filtered data. Finally, the results obtained by using these new filtering methods are quantitatively compared with those produced by other destriping methods.     

Advances in active fire detection using a multi-temporal method for next-generation geostationary satellite data

ABSTRACT

A vital component of fire detection from remote sensors is the accurate estimation of the background temperature of an area in fire's absence, assisting in identification and attribution of fire activity. New geostationary sensors increase the data available to describe background temperature in the temporal domain. Broad area methods to extract the expected diurnal cycle of a pixel using this temporally rich data have shown potential for use in fire detection. This paper describes an application of a method for priming diurnal temperature fitting of imagery from the Advanced Himawari Imager. The BAT method is used to provide training data for temperature fitting of target pixels, to which thresholds are applied to detect thermal anomalies in 4?μm imagery over part of Australia. Results show the method detects positive thermal anomalies with respect to the diurnal model in up to 99% of cases where fires are also detected by Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellite active fire products. In absence of LEO active fire detection, but where a burned area product recorded fire-induced change, this method also detected anomalous activity in up to 75% of cases. Potential improvements in detection time of up to 6?h over LEO products are also demonstrated.     

长螺旋压灌反插钢筋笼成桩工艺在吉大二院基坑支护工程中的应用

结合吉大二院基坑支护工程实例,论述了长螺旋成孔压灌混凝土成桩后反插钢筋笼的施工工艺,介绍了配套振笼器装置的反插钢筋笼工作原理及施工工法预案与解决方法。     

超前侧喷绳索取心钻具的研制

[摘 要]针对破碎、软弱等复杂地层岩心采取率低的问题,本文通过无泵接手、岩心抓取机构和超前侧喷钻头的设计与结合,研制了一套超前侧喷绳索取心钻具;该钻具是一种基于普通绳索取心钻具及无泵反循环钻具设计的新型钻具,能实现孔内钻井液的局部反循环并改变孔底冲洗液流向,从而达到排粉及提高岩心采取率的目的;现场试验表明,超前侧喷绳索取心钻具能够实现破碎、软弱等难取心地层的正常钻进,试验孔段岩心采取率为94%,大幅度提高了岩（矿）心的采取率。     

陷落柱地震波超前探测数值模拟与应用

针对陷落柱与周围煤体之间存在明显波阻抗差异的特点,建立巷道内地震波超前探测陷落柱数值模型。采用波场正演模拟方法,分析巷道前方存在陷落柱时的地震波场特征,总结出基于绕射偏移的陷落柱边界探测方法。在新元矿南二正巷实际超前探测中,该方法准确圈定了巷道前方陷落柱的范围。探测结果和实际揭露情况对比表明：地震波超前探测技术可以对巷道前方120m范围内的陷落柱构造进行有效预测。     

Measurement and interpretation of connectivity of Chinese cities in world city network, 2010

This is an empirical paper that measures and interprets the position of Chinese cities in the world city network in 2010. Building on a specification of the world city network as a′interlocking network′in which business services firms play the crucial role in city network formation, information is gathered about the presence of global service firms in cities. This information is converted into data to provide the′service value′of a city for a firm′s provision of corporate services in a 526(cities)×175(firms) matrix. These data are then used as the input to the interlocking network model in order to measure cities′connectivity and its predominant geographical orientation. Here we focus on the position of some key Chinese cities in this regard, and discuss and interpret results in the context of the urban dimensions of the′opening up′of the Chinese economy.     

复信号分析技术在地质雷达预报岩溶裂隙水中的应用研究

对岩溶裂隙水进行及时准确的预报,是当前岩溶隧道设计和施工中亟待研究和解决的关键问题。复信号分析技术能够提取多个参数进行综合判断,基于此优点,尝试将复信号分析技术引入到地质雷达探查水体的研究中。对雷达数据中的水体异常分别从振幅、频率和相位等方面进行综合判断,克服了以往判断依据单一的缺点,为利用地质雷达进行岩溶裂隙水预报提供了一种切实可行的方法。首先,介绍了复信号分析技术的原理,阐述了在地质雷达信号处理中引入复信号分析技术的必要性;然后探讨了基于复信号分析技术的地质雷达预报岩溶裂隙水的可行性,得出了判断水体的依据。最后结合工程实例,对地质雷达数据进行了复信号处理,并对岩溶裂隙水进行了综合判断。与开挖结果对比显示,复信号分析技术的运用较大的提高了岩溶裂隙水预报的准确性和可信性。     

隧道含水构造直流电阻率法超前探测研究

含导水构造和岩溶裂隙水的探查是亟需研究和解决的关键问题。直流电阻率法以其对低阻体反映敏感、分辨率高等优点被引入到隧道掌子面前方含水构造的预报工作中。首先,推导出了无限全空间中球体含水构造直流电法超前探测的解析解公式,并在利用有限元数值方法进行正演分析的基础上,借助“比较法”将含隧道腔体的三维空间中超前探测视电阻率数据转换为无限全空间中的数据,并探讨了由MN电极附近电阻率不均匀所造成的干扰以及识别和去除这种干扰的方法。然后,设计了基于全空间球体含水构造超前探测解析公式的阻尼最小二乘反演方法,对隧道中多组球体含水构造模型进行了较为成功的反演。另外,探讨了其他形状的有限体积的含水构造超前探测异常规律,提出了“等效球体”的概念,亦在全空间球体含水构造超前探测解析公式的基础上设计了快速反演方法。最后,利用物理模型试验验证了有限元数值正演方法和阻尼最小二乘反演技术的可行性和有效性,为实际工程中含水构造的直流电法超前预报奠定了基础。