Identification of phase and sex-related ISSR markers of red algaGracilaria lemaneiformis

Six ISSR primers are employed to display the polymorphism of different phases and sexes of red alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis, and two of them, P1 and P3, amplified distinct band patterns. The ISSR pattern amplified by primer P1 of the female gametophyte is identical to that of tetrasporophyte, but distinct from that of male gametophyte. Of the bands produced by primer P3, one is specific to female gametophyte. Three morphologically similar fronds can be easily identified using ISSR technique. Two specific markers, SM1 and SF3, related to male gametophyte and female gametophyte, are cloned and sequenced. The homologous sequences of SM1 are found to encode a hypothetical protein. There is no homologous sequence of SF3 that can be found in GenBank.     

二维各向同性介质P波和S波分离方法研究

通过对波场矢量计算散度与旋度可将P波和S波进行分离,这种方法是波场传播与计算散度和旋度进行波场分离两部分的结合.基于二维各向同性介质速度模型,首先使用弹性波动方程对速度模型进行波场传播模拟;然后在地表接收多分量记录的同时计算散度代表P波、计算旋度代表S波,由于计算散度和旋度包括对空间各分量求导,这就导致了π/2的相位移,使用Fourier变换在频率域对记录进行-π/2的相位校正,就分别获得P波和S波的波场记录.通过对二维模型试算,并分析结果可知,采用计算散度和旋度进行波场分离是一种有效的方法.     

编队卫星InsAR系统的相位同步分析

编队卫星InSAR系统属多基雷达系统,依靠编队卫星构型形成干涉所需的基线。一发多收工作模式下的编队卫星InSAR高程测量系统,协同工作的雷达间必须建立时间同步、相位同步和空间同步,其同步精度将影响InSAR系统的功能与性能。三大同步中,相位同步误差直接影响SAR复影像的相位误差,从而影响系统的高程测量精度。本文根据编队卫星条件下SAR成像的要求,对相位同步的要求进行了分析,并给出了由于相位不同步所引起的相位误差对InSAR高程测量精度影响。分析结果表明,编队卫星InSAR系统对于相位同步的要求包含两个方面:一是为保证被动雷达能够对回波实现相参成像,在整个合成孔径时间内,主动和被动两个雷达在载波相位上必须保持确定和可知的关系,且其差值随系统距离向分辨率的不同必须限定在一定范围内;二是在整个干涉数据的录取时间里,主动和被动两个雷达载波相位同步误差不能超过高程测量的精度要求所允许的误差。     

多相糜棱岩内第二相对应变局部化的影响——以秦岭群花岗质糜棱岩为例

糜棱岩韧性变形发生的应变局部化过程,尤其是多相糜棱岩第二相对基质相变形的影响一直是显微构造研究难点.研究表明糜棱岩借助颗粒边界滑移实现多相混合,形成多矿物相集合体.在多相糜棱岩内,第二相在基质相颗粒边界施加齐纳阻力,牵制基质相颗粒边界的迁移速率,破坏基质相颗粒的动态平衡过程,使基质相颗粒位于古应力计对应的颗粒粒度以下,...     

钙钠离子对蒙脱石吸水特性的影响

本文测定蒙脱石胶体和膨润土吸水率及吸水比,研究钙钠离子对其吸水特性的影响。研究结果表明,钙质蒙脱石、膨润土在吸水24h内的吸水率和吸水速度均高于钠质的;而24h后则前者低于后者。钙质蒙脱石和膨润上的吸水比>50％,而钠质的<50％。     

泥页岩吸附气量随地层埋深变化趋势预测分析

泥页岩在地层温度和压力条件下的吸附气量对于资源评价、有利区优选具有重要意义。因此,有必要确定在温度和压力双变量因素影响下页岩的吸附气量及其变化规律。通过合理运用不同温度下的等温吸附实验数据,将温度和压力双变量因素转化为埋深这个单一因素。选取某A样品,进行不同温度下的等温吸附实验,合理利用不同温度点和实验测试压力点的吸附气量数据,并通过温度梯度、压力系数实现温度、压力、埋深之间的相互转换,预测出其它温度点对应的吸附气量,从而建立该样品吸附气量随着埋深变化的定量预测模型。通过该模型计算未测试温度点的吸附量,结果准确可靠,认为该方法可以作为一种计算页岩吸附气含量的新方法。研究表明吸附气量随着深度的变化存在一个深度转折点,在该深度以浅的范围,吸附气量随着深度的增大而增大,压力起决定作用;在该深度以深的范围,吸附气量随着深度的增大而减小,温度起决定作用。     

MT法中利用阻抗相位资料对畸变视电阻率曲线的校正

从理论上论证了在一定条件下大地电磁响应中的相位资料将不受随机电磁噪声的影响，介绍了由相位资料递推计算视电阻率的方法，通过与远参考资料的比较，证明利用阻抗相位资料可分段恢复校正畸变的实测视电阻率数据。     

Evolution of the eastern margin of Korea: Constraints on the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea)

We interpreted marine seismic profiles in conjunction with swath bathymetric and magnetic data to investigate rifting to breakup processes at the eastern Korean margin that led to the separation of the southwestern Japan Arc. The eastern Korean margin is rimmed by fundamental elements of rift architecture comprising a seaward succession of a rift basin and an uplifted rift flank passing into the slope, typical of a passive continental margin. In the northern part, rifting occurred in the Korea Plateau that is a continental fragment extended and partially segmented from the Korean Peninsula. Two distinguished rift basins (Onnuri and Bandal Basins) in the Korea Plateau are bounded by major synthetic and smaller antithetic faults, creating wide and considerably symmetric profiles. The large-offset border fault zones of these basins have convex dip slopes and demonstrate a zig-zag arrangement along strike. In contrast, the southern margin is engraved along its length with a single narrow rift basin (Hupo Basin) that is an elongated asymmetric half-graben. Analysis of rift fault patterns suggests that rifting at the Korean margin was primarily controlled by normal faulting resulting from extension rather than strike-slip deformation. Two extension directions for rifting are recognized: the Onnuri and Hupo Basins were rifted in the east-west direction; the Bandal Basin in the east–west and northwest–southeast directions, suggesting two rift stages. We interpret that the east–west direction represents initial rifting at the inner margin; while the Japan Basin widened, rifting propagated southeastward repeatedly from the Japan Basin toward the Korean margin but could not penetrate the strong continental lithosphere of the Korean Shield and changed the direction to the south, resulting in east–west extension to create the rift basins at the Korean margin. The northwest–southeast direction probably represents the direction of rifting orthogonal to the inferred line of breakup along the base of the slope of the Korea Plateau; after breakup the southwestern Japan Arc separated in the southeast direction, indicating a response to tensional tectonics associated with the subduction of the Pacific Plate in the northwest direction. No significant volcanism was involved in initial rifting. In contrast, the inception of sea floor spreading documents a pronounced volcanic phase which appears to reflect asthenospheric upwelling as well as rift-induced convection particularly in the narrow southern margin. We suggest that structural and igneous evolution of the Korean margin, although it is in a back-arc setting, can be explained by the processes occurring at the passive continental margin with magmatism influenced by asthenospheric upwelling.     

槽波速度谱相对透射系数图法

针对近年来国内推广槽波地震探测技术中遇到的问题,提出了一种新的槽波相对透射系数图方法——槽波速度谱相对透射系数图法。它是根据槽波埃里相的速度特征求取槽波相对透射系数的另一种成图方法。      

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷南屯组火山碎屑岩成岩作用的讨论

利用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、染色法以及X-衍射分析等方法,查明南屯组火山碎屑岩成岩作用模式.研究表明火山碎屑岩成岩作用方式包括：机械压实作用、胶结作用与自生作用、交代作用和溶蚀溶解作用.成岩共生序列为：黏土矿物包壳-泥晶碳酸盐矿物、自生蒙皂石、自生伊利石-长石溶解-自生石英-自生高岭石-绿泥石、白云石-铁方解石-铁白云石.成岩阶段划分为早成岩阶段B期和中成岩阶段A期,并且以中成岩阶段A期为主.