基于多种探测资料对武汉一次短时暴雪天气的监测分析

利用Thies Clima激光雨滴谱仪、MP3000A微波辐射仪、多普勒雷达和人工加密观测资料,分析了2011年2月12日武汉一次暴雪天气过程的演变特征。结果表明:(1)在这次短时暴雪过程中,先后出现了降雨、雨夹雪和纯降雪3个阶段,激光雨滴谱仪监测到该降雨阶段的雨滴谱较宽,最大直径达4.5mm,数浓度比较小,为2～5 429个.m-3.mm-1,雨滴谱型呈双峰型分布特点;(2)微波辐射仪对水汽相态监测显示,08:12-09:34(世界时)期间在1.5～3.5km过冷层比湿维持14～16g.kg-1大值区,之后迅速由雨夹雪过程(仅16min)过渡到纯降雪阶段,在65min内武汉站降雪量达到5.035mm,占整个降雪量的80%以上;(3)雷达反射率因子与粒子谱宽和数浓度密切相关,若后两者越大则对应的雷达回波强度也越大;同时还发现,与微波辐射仪反演的水汽密度、激光雨滴谱仪测得的降水强度也有较好的对应关系,若将这些结合起来对降水的相态变化、强度、量级和持续时间有很好的监测能力。     

北大西洋涛动位相转换的数值研究

借助一个非线性准地转正压模型,模拟了基本西风气流的强弱、不同空间分布的天气尺度扰动涡对北大西洋涛动(NAO)位相转换的作用,以及大尺度双波地形对其的影响.通过一系列的对比试验发现,适当弱的基本西风气流有利于下游系统西退使NAO由正(负)位相转换为负(正)位相;振幅强、活动范围大的天气尺度扰动波是NAO由负位相转换为正位...     

利用GPS伪距导出的多普勒频移测速

推导了利用伪距观测值获取多普勒频移的公式,并利用导出的多普勒频移来确定载体的速度。实测数据表明,利用伪距导出的多普勒频移测速,可以达到dm/s级的水平。在没有原始多普勒观测值或者相位观测出现了频繁周跳的情况下,可以利用伪距导出的多普勒频移获得载体概略的速度信息。     

GPS相位差分技术在空中目标测量中的应用

在分析空中目标飞行的特点及对其进行高精度测量的必要性基础上,基于GPS载波相位差分技术,设计了一套空中目标飞行测量系统,提出了该系统在地面控制系统中的应用方法,并通过构建事后差分系统进行了静态精度验证和机载动态验证。     

GPS天线的绝对校正方法

介绍了由德国Geo＋＋研究的直接在野外进行的绝对校准方法,该方法可以消除多路径效应,测得和方位角相关的PCV．经过进一步的研究,该校正过程高效准确且可以实时提供校正结果。简单列举了AOAD／M—T类型天线的相对和绝对PCV的结果,对PCV的改正精度要求做了简单介绍。     

Development Processes of the Tropical Pacific Meridional Mode

Mechanisms for the spatio-temporal development of the Tropical Pacific Meridional Mode(TPMM) are investigated using a coupled ocean-atmosphere model and observations.In both observations and the model,this meridional mode displays decadal variations and is most pronounced in spring and early summer.The model simulation suggests that once SST anomalies in the subtropical northeastern Pacific are initiated,say by northeasterly trade wind variability,perturbations evolve into a merdional dipole in 2-3 months.A...     

DIAGNOSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF DYNAMIC CORRELATION FACTORS BETWEEN WEST-PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL HIGH AND EAST ASIA MONSOON SYSTEM INDEXES

Based on the daily reanalysis data of NCEP / NCAR and by using the method of phase space reconstruction, the point conditional probability density of the subtropical high ridge index are determined and then used, together with their power spectra, to seek the correlation between them and individual monsoon-affecting factors and their power spectra. Through diagnosis, six indexes are discovered that have the most important effects on the subtropical high index. The results of the diagnosis indicate that the technique can identify the factors which are dynamically correlated. It can offer the basis in determining and choosing dynamic conceptual factors.     

General seismic wave and phase detection software driven by deep learning

We developed an automatic seismic wave and phase detection software based on PhaseNet, an efficient and highly generalized deep learning neural network for P- and S-wave phase picking. The software organically combines multiple modules including application terminal interface, docker container, data visualization, SSH protocol data transmission and other auxiliary modules. Characterized by a series of technologically powerful functions, the software is highly convenient for all users. To obtain the P- and S-wave picks, one only needs to prepare three-component seismic data as input and customize some parameters in the interface. In particular, the software can automatically identify complex waveforms (i.e. continuous or truncated waves) and support multiple types of input data such as SAC, MSEED, NumPy array, etc. A test on the dataset of the Wenchuan aftershocks shows the generalization ability and detection accuracy of the software. The software is expected to increase the efficiency and subjectivity in the manual processing of large amounts of seismic data, thereby providing convenience to regional network monitoring staffs and researchers in the study of Earth's interior.     

基于改进的Klobuchar模型建立南宁市区域电离层延迟模型

以最小二乘曲面拟合模型为背景场,利用南宁市区域CORS网实测数据,对Klobuchar模型的初始相位、振幅和夜间时延值不断改正,建立南宁市区域电离层延迟模型。结果表明,改进的Klobuchar模型精度有显著提高。     

gPhone重力仪的面波频段响应实测研究

以中国大陆构造环境监测网络昆明台和恩施台gPhone相对重力仪连续重力潮汐观测数据为基础,研究了gPhone重力仪在1 mHz以上频段的高频响应。从瑞利面波角度获得gPhone重力仪的高频响应,并且通过与同址观测的STS-1地震仪LHZ分量数据进行对比,验证了gPhone重力仪高频观测结果的可靠性。对比从gPhone重力仪和STS-1地震仪观测数据中提取到的面波波形和群速度频散曲线,发现昆明台两类仪器观测到面波信号的振幅和相位都较为一致,而恩施台仅振幅较为一致,相位上存在较明显差异,gPhone重力仪记录的面波信号在各频段存在不同的时间延迟。用两类仪器观测数据获得了大地震激发的自由振荡,结果表明两类仪器观测到的基频球型模态自由振荡的频率和振幅都吻合较好,进一步验证了gPhone重力仪对高频频段信号振幅响应的可靠性。以上研究结果表明:利用gPhone重力仪能够准确地观测到大地震激发的面波和自由振荡等高频信号的振幅,但在记录信号的相位信息时,有些仪器会有相位偏移产生,如果研究中需要考虑信号的相位,则必须获得仪器相位偏移量,再进行仪器相位校正。