Dynamic responses of two buildings connected by viscoelastic dampers under bidirectional earthquake excitations

In this study,dynamic responses of two buildings connected by viscoelastic dampers under bidirectional excitations are extensively investigated.The two buildings are a 10-story building and a 16-story building,with the shorter building on the left.Viscoelastic dampers are installed at all fl oors of the shorter building.Equations of motion are formulated using a fractional derivative model to represent the viscoelastic dampers.Three cases are considered with mass eccentricities at 0,10% and-10% with respect to the dimensions of the buildings.The responses of the buildings are numerically predicted at different damper properties.The simulation results indicated that the maximum horizontal responses of the buildings without eccentricities are signifi cantly mitigated.However,torsional effects are adversely increased.For asymmetric buildings,the effectiveness of the connecting dampers is affected by building eccentricities.As a result,mass eccentricities must be taken into account in damper selection.When compared with vibrations induced by unidirectional excitations,bidirectional excitations can increase the responses of coupled asymmetric buildings.In addition,installing dampers only at the top fl oor of the shorter building may cause a sudden change in lateral stiffness of the taller building.Consequently,the story shear envelopes of the taller building are changed.     

粤闽赣交界区波速比特征研究

根据多台和达法,利用广东、福建、江西三省数字地震观测记录对粤闽赣交界区及邻区波速比特征进行研究,获取了具有参考价值的结果：粤闽赣交界地区沿海一侧明显比内陆地区波速比要高;约在北纬24°,东经114°处,处走向北东方向上是波速变化比较明显的分界线,该分界线可能是由于地下两侧的岩石岩性不同造成的,或与该地区介质物理性质和化学性质存在变异关有,也可能与此地区地震应力场变化有一定关系。     

桩基检测中跨孔电磁层析技术的应用

无损检测技术在桩基检测等方面应用广泛,但如果桩体存在多层缺陷,采用常规测试手段评价桩体质量往往有一定的局限性,难以满足工程的特殊需要.采用跨孔电磁层析技术对桩基础进行检测,是一种新的尝试.文中结合工程实例比较了这一新的检测方法与低应变桩基动力检测结果以说明其效果.     

浅议堤防工程的软土地基处理

软基加固的目的是为了改善建筑物地基土体的力学性质,提高承载能力,增加抗滑稳定,减少压缩变形。介绍软土地基的特性,软土地基上修建堤防工程常用的地基处理方法及适用条件。     

基于GRACE卫星测量得到的中国及其周边地区陆地水量变化

GRACE卫星成功开辟了空间大地测量对地观测的新途径。利用GRACE卫星得到的时变地球重力资料,分析估计了中国及其周边地区陆地水量的变化趋势,较为清晰地揭示了该地区季节性变化特征。进一步采用13点滑动平均的方法扣除了季节性变化,提取了4个特征区域(喜马拉雅南部,新疆与西藏及其周边的亚洲高山区域,中国华北、东北地区和中国南部地区)的陆地水量变化特征信息,这4个区域陆地水量的变化趋势分别为-12.7±0.7、-60.4±2.7、-12.5±0.5和6.6±0.9 km³/a。其中：喜马拉雅南部和亚洲高山区域陆地水量呈现明显的衰减趋势,与Matsuo和Heki模拟冰川质量损失源得到的结果较为一致;但近10年来亚洲高山区域西北部冰川加速融化趋势并不明显。中国华北、东北地区和南部地区水量变化比较复杂,具不稳定的变化趋势。     

宁夏及邻区地震震源衰减模型及震源参数研究

选取2003年1月至2011年12月宁夏及邻区发生的201个M_L2.0以上地震事件进行反演, 用经验格林函数计算得到本区地震震源谱衰减模型。 在已知非弹性衰减系数和场地响应的条件下, 计算得到震源谱并研究了近震震级与拐角频率、 地震矩、 震源破裂半径及应力降之间的关系。 详细分析了震源参数误差大小及各种误差影响因素。 对剩余应力降时空演化特征分析研究结果表明: 高剩余应力降集中分布在宁夏北部宁蒙交界地区、 低剩余应力降分布在宁夏中部同心、 中卫一带, 银川盆地中南部的吴灵地区和宁夏南部海原断裂带中东段剩余应力降变化较为明显, 在时间分布上这两个区域剩余应力降在中强地震前均有降低—增强的趋势。     

Nonlinear seismic behaviour of wall-frame dual systems accounting for soil–structure interaction

The aim of this paper is to study the effects of soil–structure interaction on the seismic response of coupled wall-frame structures on pile foundations designed according to modern seismic provisions. The analysis methodology based on the substructure method is recalled focusing on the modelling of pile group foundations. The nonlinear inertial interaction analysis is performed in the time domain by using a finite element model of the superstructure. Suitable lumped parameter models are implemented to reproduce the frequency-dependent compliance of the soil-foundation systems. The effects of soil–structure interaction are evaluated by considering a realistic case study consisting of a 6-storey 4-bay wall-frame structure founded on piles. Different two-layered soil deposits are investigated by varying the layer thicknesses and properties. Artificial earthquakes are employed to simulate the earthquake input. Comparisons of the results obtained considering compliant base and fixed base models are presented by addressing the effects of soil–structure interaction on displacements, base shears, and ductility demand. The evolution of dissipative mechanisms and the relevant redistribution of shear between the wall and the frame are investigated by considering earthquakes with increasing intensity. Effects on the foundations are also shown by pointing out the importance of both kinematic and inertial interaction. Finally, the response of the structure to some real near-fault records is studied. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于脂肪酸标记的长江口海区浮游动物常见种食性分析

脂肪酸不仅是浮游动物的重要组分,也被作为生物标记来指示动物的食物组成及其之间的营养关系。本文运用脂肪酸标记法对长江口附近海区6个浮游动物常见种的食性进行了分析。研究结果表明,中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)雌体和桡足幼体都表现出明显的植食性。但雌体中16:1ω7的含量要明显高于18:4ω3,表明雌体对硅藻的摄食较多;桡足幼体的18:4ω3要高于雌体,说明桡足幼体对甲藻的摄食较多。磷虾(Euphausia spp.)的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)和ω3系列脂肪酸的含量很高,说明其作为饵料可以给摄食者提供较多的脂类营养物质。中华哲水蚤和磷虾较低的22:6ω3/20:5ω3比值说明他们的营养地位较低。箭虫(Sagitta spp.)的20:1和22:1脂肪酸含量很高,指示了其对植食性桡足类的摄食。蝶水母(Ocyropsis crystallina)、瓜水母(Bero cucumis)和四叶小舌水母(Liriopetetraphylla)的20:1+22:1脂肪酸所占比例较高,指示了其对植食性桡足类的摄食,但是水母类的总脂肪酸含量都很低。几种水母和箭虫的22:6ω3的含量要明显高于20:5ω3的含量,说明它们在浮游食物网中具有较高的营养地位。     

中日规范中关于液化和侧向扩流场地桥梁桩基抗震设计考虑之比较

评述了我国液化场地和侧向扩流场地桥梁桩基抗震设计规范。总结了中日两国液化场地和侧向扩流场地桥梁桩基的抗震设计方法与技术细节,阐述了日本规范中液化场地和侧向扩流场地桥梁桩基抗震设计中的液化地基土反力折减系数的确定方法,以及土体液化侧向扩流对桩作用力的计算模式。指出我国规范中在液化和侧向扩流场地桩的抗震分析方法、不同土层分界处桩的抗震措施、桩的竖向承载力及桩的屈曲稳定性分析等方面存在的主要问题,据此给出了亟待改进的初步建议。这对我国桥梁工程的抗震安全性具有重要意义,可供我国工程技术人员参考借鉴。     

盾构隧道掘进全过程三维模拟方法及重叠段近接分区研究

合理地模拟盾构隧道掘进的全过程及盾构隧道重叠段近接分区是一个难点。依托深圳地铁3号线红岭中路－老街－晒布段区间重叠隧道工程进行研究,建立了能全面反映盾构隧道掘进全过程的三维模拟方法,并采用摩尔-库仑屈服准则对盾构隧道重叠段进行了横向近接分区,同时采用位移变化速率准则对盾构隧道重叠段进行了纵向近接分区。研究结果表明,盾构隧道重叠段横向近接分区为：F≤F? 时为无影响区,F?＜F＜0时为弱影响区,当F≥0时为强影响区;纵向近接分区为：小于0.3 mm/d为无影响区,0.3～1.5 mm/d为弱影响区,大于1.5 mm/d为强影响区。研究成果应用于红岭中路－老街－晒布段区间重叠隧道取得了良好的效果,并为盾构隧道掘进全过程的数值模拟以及盾构隧道重叠段区间隧道的设计与施工提供了理论支撑,同时亦可为相似工程提供参考。