矿产勘查的理论基础及其方法的发展现状

矿产勘查工作综合性很强,所需要应用的知识非常广泛,不仅涉及到基础地质、成矿理论、勘查技术手段等地质学科知识,还要综合运用数学、化学、计算机等新方法、新技术。从板块构造、成矿背景以及成矿系列、成矿系统等方面介绍了其地质基础,并阐述了所用到的新方法、新理论的发展现状。     

曹妃甸浅滩表层砂体插桩深度研究

曾妃甸浅滩原为古滦河三角洲,三角洲废弃后,海底表层沉积物在波浪潮流的簸选及自重应力作用下,沉积物颗粒粗化,粒度单一,且堆积紧密,工程强度较高。平台在该海医插桩时往往难以贯穿该层,其实际插桩深度较预定深度存在较大偏差。本文对此类砂体的形成机制、插桩过程中土体的压实作用对砂体强度的影响进行了分析,在对砂体力学参数做出适当调整后,运用太沙基地基极限荷载公式进行计算,得到了与实际情况较为一致的结果。     

A multiphase approach for evaluating the horizontal and rocking impedances of pile group foundations

This paper advocates the use of a multiphase model, already developed for static or quasi‐static geotechnical engineering problems, for simulating the behaviour of piled raft foundations subject to horizontal as well as rocking dynamic solicitations. It is shown that such a model, implemented in a FEM code, yields appropriate predictions for the foundation impedance characteristics, provided that shear and bending effects in the piles are taken into account, thus corroborating the findings of the asymptotic homogenization theory. Besides, it is notably pointed out that such a multiphase‐based computational tool makes it possible to assess the dynamic behaviour of pile groups in a much quicker way than when using direct numerical simulations, which may face oversized problems when large pile groups are concerned. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

川西南及邻区地震短临预测的实践与思考

在简介川西南及邻区地震地质和历史强震活动的基础上,通过重点梳理部分典型地震短临预测实例,介绍了地方政府对防震减灾、地震预报工作的重视和支持,对工作中的一些实际问题进行了思考,供同行们讨论与参考。     

网络分层用于最短路问题的算法研究

提出了一种基于Dijkstra方法的网络分层算法,实现了两点间节点数最少条件下最短通路的求取,并与传统Dijkstra算法进行了比较,得到了一些有益的结论。     

地理实体的数据处理技术在地理信息数据库建设中的应用

介绍了地理实体的概念和基本地理实体的内容,并对地理实体在地理信息数据库建设过程中的数据抽取、格式转换、数据装载等数据标准化的主要数据处理技术方法进行了陈述,为其它相关地理信息数据库建设项目提供基本方法参考。     

东北地区及邻区晚古生代晚期构造特征及演化规律

本文通过区域物探、地质资料的综合分析和野外调查,在重新厘定了东北地区晚古生代晚期区域断裂构造和区域构造格局的基础上,重点探讨了石炭—二叠纪的沉积构造特征。     

Ultimate bearing capacity of equally spaced multiple strip footings on cohesionless soils without surcharge

The ultimate bearing capacity of a group of equally spaced multiple rough strip footings was determined due to the contribution of soil unit weight. The analysis was performed by using an upper bound theorem of limit analysis in combination with finite elements and linear programming. Along the interfaces of all the triangular elements, velocity discontinuities were considered. The value of ξ_γ was found to increase continuously with a decrease in S/B, where (i) ξ_γ is the ratio of the failure load of an interfering strip footing of a given width (B) to that of a single isolated strip footing having the same width and (ii) S is the clear spacing between any two adjacent footings. The effect of the variation of spacing on ξ_γ was found to be very extensive for small values of S/B; ξ_γ approaches infinity at S/B=0. In all the cases, the velocity discontinuities were found to exist generally in a zone only around the footing edge. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国西部及邻区百年尺度周期的地震活动及其和太阳活动之间的负相关性

利用小波变换分析中国西部及邻区1700年以来M≥7级和M-T图分析1700年以来M≥7.8级地震活动,除了得到和其他学者研究基本一致的几个十年尺度周期结果外,还得到百年左右尺度的地震活动周期结果,再与太阳黑子活动进行比较,发现地震活动与太阳黑子数在百年左右尺度周期上具有负相关性,地震高活动时段对应太阳黑子低值时段.此外,从活动性分析中得到目前中国西部及邻区可能正处于强震活跃期间.     

Reliability of shallow foundations designed to Eurocode 7

Eurocode 7, the new European standard for geotechnical design, is based on the limit state design method, with partial factors and characteristic parameter values. An objective of the Eurocodes is that the chosen partial factors should achieve reliability levels for a structure close to a prescribed target value. The target ultimate limit state reliability index for a medium risk structure for 50 years is 3.8. This paper examines the reliability of an inclined-eccentrically and vertically loaded square foundation designed using all three Design Approaches in Eurocode 7 with the recommended partial factor values given in EN1997-1. The reliabilities obtained using the three Design Approaches are compared with the target reliability value and the reliabilities of traditional designs using overall factors of safety. The paper provides evidence that Eurocode 7 gives more consistent reliabilities for a greater range of parameter values than the traditional allowable stress method and demonstrates the importance of selecting appropriate characteristic values.