西准包古图含铜斑岩的埃达克岩特征及其地质意义

西准达尔布特—包古图地区出露两类中酸性侵入岩,一类为海西晚期(<270Ma)花岗岩基,另一类为海西中晚期(330～320Ma)中酸性小斑岩体,包古图斑岩铜矿赋存于后者。岩石主量和微量元素分析表明,包古图含矿小斑岩基本满足埃达克岩的条件,即SiO2>56%,Al2O3>15%,MgO<3%,贫Y和Yb(Y<18×10-6,Yb<1.9×10-6),高Sr(>400×10-6),HREE明显亏损,其Nd和Sr同位素组成与洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)组成接近。但部分样品MgO含量较高(>3%),轻稀土元素丰度较低,偏离埃达克岩的组成范围。根据斑岩的地球化学组成并结合区域地质特征,笔者认为包古图含矿斑岩形成于与洋内俯冲有关的岛弧环境,但洋壳板片的初始熔体在上升过程中受到了地幔橄榄岩的不均匀混染。     

甘肃省南祁连化石沟地区发现中二叠世埃达克质岩:大地构造及成矿意义

南祁连地区化石沟花岗闪长岩位于化石沟铜矿附近,东距阿克塞县城约120 km。花岗闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为261.1±3.8 Ma,形成于中二叠世晚期。岩石属钙碱性系列,具有埃达克岩的地球化学特征,SiO_2含量在68.35%~69.14%之间,高铝(Al_2O_3=15.83%~16.06%)、Sr(367×10~(–6)~381×10~(–6))、低Y(15.12×10~(–6)~19×10~(–6))和Yb(1.34×10~(–6)~1.85×10~(–6)),富Na贫K(Na_2O=4.3%~4.47%,K_2O=2.22%~2.46%,Na_2O/K2O=1.75~2.01),MgO介于0.79%~0.89%之间,Mg~#为0.35左右。岩石富集强不相容元素Ba、Rb、Sr、Th、U和LREE,强烈亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti以及HREE,(La/Yb)_N=8.3~11.77,具轻微的Eu负异常(δEu=0.76~0.86),高Rb/Sr(≈0.2)值。化石沟花岗闪长岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i、ε_(Nd)(t)、(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i、δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)分别为0.7065~0.7068、–1.45~–0.78、0.282765、12.1‰~12.5‰。综合以上特征,认为化石沟花岗闪长岩源于新生地壳物质在玄武岩浆底侵作用下发生的部分熔融,在岩浆作用过程中可能发生过轻微的分离结晶作用,形成于板内背景,处于造山挤压向后造山伸展的构造体制转变阶段。花岗闪长岩的Nd和Hf模式年龄(分别为1.1 Ga和0.9 Ga)指示玄武质岩浆上侵的时间应为中元古代晚期。化石沟埃达克质岩显示了良好的斑岩型Cu、Au成矿潜力,寻找与埃达克岩有关的斑岩型Cu、Au矿应是下一步找矿的重点方向。     

西藏冈底斯南缘冲木达约30Ma埃达克质侵入岩的成因:向北俯冲的印度陆壳的熔融?

40～25 Ma之间通常被认为是拉萨地块特别是藏南冈底斯带岩浆活动的间歇期,与新特提斯洋板片断离后印度-亚洲大陆的硬碰撞有关.对出露于冈底斯东段南缘的冲木达石英二长岩-花岗闪长岩及相关的闪长质包体进行了锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb定年和主微量元素、Sr-Nd同位素和锆石原位Hf同位素研究.年代学分析显示,侵入岩及其包...     

甘肃北山北带明水西新井埃达克岩质石英闪长岩地球化学特征及地质意义

明水西新井石英闪长岩位于甘肃北山晚古生代白山岩浆弧带上。通过对其岩石化学组成的研究表明,主量元素SiO2、Al2O3和MgO的含量分别为59.13%~67.90%、14.90%~16.42%和1.96%~3.12%,微量元素Y、Yb和Sr的含量分别为11×10-6~22.8×10-6、1.19×10-6~2.33×10-6和364×10-6~871×10-6,LREE为富集型和Eu为正异常,这些特征反映石英闪长岩为埃达克质岩。是俯冲到深处具MORB性质的板片在一定的物理化学条件下部分熔融后直接侵位于近地表而形成的。本区埃达克岩与金矿化存在密切的时空关系。     

西昆仑黑伞顶新近纪次火山岩地球化学特征及成因

黑伞顶次火山岩分布于西昆仑东段华北板块与华南板块的结合部位, 主要由花岗斑岩体组成, 侵入于石炭系托库孜达坂群、二叠系树维门科组及古近系阿克塔什组地层中。花岗斑岩黑云母K-Ar同位素年龄值13.2 Ma, 为新近纪中新世的产物。黑伞顶次火山岩具有低硅镁、高铝钾的特点, SiO2含量介于65.19%~67.21%之间, MgO含量为0.83%~1.47%, Al2O3在14.53%~16.5%之间变化, K2O含量为4.44%~4.93%。K2O/Na2O为1.49~1.52, A/CNK为1.08~1.14, 里特曼指数σ为2.22~3.03, 为过铝质高钾钙碱性岩石。富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Th、U, 高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti明显亏损。高Sr(528×10?6~707×10?6)及Sr/Y(38.2~63), 低Y(8.38×10?6~18.24×10?6)和Yb(0.73×10?6~1.64×10?6)。稀土元素总量较高, 介于307.87×10?6~458.20×10?6之间, 稀土元素配分曲线为右倾斜型。LREE/HREE为24.19~34.47, 属轻稀土元素富集型。具有弱至中等的负铕异常。地球化学特征表明, 黑伞顶次火山岩为高钾钙碱性C型埃达克质岩, 形成于青藏高原隆升和板内地壳加厚的背景下, 是青藏高原北部在中新世因陆壳加厚引起下地壳部分熔融的产物。     

Mantle origin of the Dexing porphyry copper deposit,SE China

The Dexing ore deposit, Jiangxi Province, is the largest porphyry copper deposit in China. Controversies exist regarding the ore-forming source of this deposit. We have conducted Pb isotope analyses of pyrites from the Tongchang and Fujiawu mines. Our results document consistent Pb isotopes from these two orebodies, with ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios of 17.954–18.320, 15.407–15.517, and 37.888–38.153, respectively. These Pb isotope ratios are consistent with those of ore-bearing adakitic porphyries but distinctly different from those of the Neoproterozoic metamorphic wall rocks, which indicates that the metals were derived from the porphyries. Based on previous S and Os isotopic data and comparisons with more than 20 Mo-bearing deposits worldwide, we further attribute the narrow range of δ³⁴S values of sulphide minerals and high Re–¹⁸⁷Os concentrations of associated molybdenites to a mantle origin. This large-scale copper deposit was evidently emplaced in a continental arc setting attending westward subduction of the palaeo-Pacific plate. Partial melting of the downgoing oceanic slab generated the adakitic magmas. The associated metals were extracted from the lithospheric mantle by these magmas during ascent through the mantle wedge.     

越南西北部PhanSiPan地区新生代埃达克质侵入岩时代、成因及构造意义——U-Pb锆石年龄、元素地球化学和Hf同位素证据

越南西北部PhanSiPan地区新生代花岗岩,高SiO2(69.95%～70.52%)、A12O3(15.77%～17.11%)、K2O(4.97%～5.63%)、Na2O(4.29%～4.98%),K2O/Na2O=1.02～1.31、Sr(744×10-6～1316×10-6),贫Y(6.93×10-6～8.06×10-6),低MgO和CaO,富集LILE元素及LREE,亏损HREE具有典型的埃达克岩特征。采用LA-ICPMS方法对该岩体进行了U-Pb同位素定年和Hf同位素分析,结果表明该岩体为始新世(38Ma)岩浆活动的产物。锆石Hf同位素研究结果显示,εHf(t)变化范围为-5.5至+7.3,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)为652Ma至1466Ma、集中在1.1～1.3Ga,说明花岗岩岩体主要由中-(新)元古代地壳物质部分熔融形成。部分锆石具有正的εHf(t)值,可能指示花岗岩岩浆形成的过程中存在壳-幔混合相互作用。越南西北部Phan Si Pan地区新生代花岗岩和扬子地块-(哀牢山-金沙江-红河带)高钾富碱的岩石形成的时代和机制具有密切的关系,可能与印度-亚洲大陆的碰撞导致红河带区域性走滑断裂系统的形成有关。     

甘肃夏河地区印支期埃达克岩的厘定及其意义

对出露于甘肃夏河地区,隶属西秦岭的印支晚期复式岩体的地质地球化学研究表明。其岩石具有与典型埃达克岩相似的特征：SiO2多数（72％～58％）,高Al2O3（16．7％～14．6％）,Sr多数大于（400×10^-6）,低Y（16×10^-6～7×10^-6）和Yb（1．7×10^-6～0．56×10^-6）,明显亏损Nb和Ta,稀土元素分异强烈,富集LREE,低HREE,并有较弱的Eu负异常（δEu为0．9～0．4）在（La／Yb）N-Yb和Sr／Y-Y图解上样品主要落入埃达克质岩区域。该套埃达克质岩的厘定,对研究秦岭造山带晚古生代古特提斯洋的构造演化、地球动力学特征具有重要意义。     

Zircon U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of Late Cretaceous–early Eocene granodiorites in the southern Gangdese batholith of Tibet: petrogenesis and implications for geodynamics and Cu ± Au ± Mo mineralization

Cu ± Au ± Mo mineralization is found in multiple intrusive suites in the Gangdese belt of southern Tibet (GBST). However, the petrogenesis of these ore-bearing intrusive rocks remains controversial. Here, we report on mineralization-related Late Cretaceous-early Eocene intrusive rocks in the Chikang–Jirong area, southern Gangdese. Zircon U–Pb analyses indicate that the mainly granodioritic Chikang and Jirong plutons were generated in the Late Cretaceous (ca. 92 Ma) and early Eocene (ca. 53 Ma), respectively. They are high-K calc-alkaline suites with high SiO₂ (64.8–68.3 wt.%) and Al₂O₃ (15.1–15.7 wt.%) contents. Chikang granodiorites are characterized by high Sr (835–957 ppm), Sr/Y (118–140), Mg# (58–60), Cr (21.8–36.6 ppm), and Ni (14.3–22.9 ppm), and low Y (6.0–8.1 ppm), Yb (0.54–0.68 ppm) values with negligible Eu anomalies, which are similar to those of typical slab-derived adakites. The Jirong granodiorites have high SiO₂ (64.8–65.3 wt.%) and Na₂O + K₂O (7.19–7.59 wt.%), and low CaO (2.45–3.69 wt.%) contents, Mg# (47–53) and Sr/Y (14–16) values, along with negative Eu and Ba anomalies. Both Chikang and Jirong granodiorites have similar ε_Hf(t) (7.6–13.1) values. The Chikang granodiorites were most probably produced by partial melting of subducted Neo-Tethyan oceanic crust, and the Jirong granodiorites were possibly generated by partial melting of Gangdese juvenile basaltic crust. In combination with the two peak ages (100–80 and 65–41 Ma) of Gangdese magmatism, we suggest that upwelling asthenosphere, triggered by the rollback and subsequent break-off of subducted Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere, provided the heat for partial melting of subducted slab and arc juvenile crust. Taking into account the contemporaneous occurrence of Gangdese magmatism and Cu ± Au ± Mo mineralization, we conclude that the Late Cretaceous–early Eocene magmatic rocks in the GBST may have a significant potential for Cu ± Au ± Mo mineralization.     

甘肃北山造山带红石山地区埃达克质花岗岩类的发现及其地质意义

甘肃北山造山带红石山地区的海西-印支期花岗岩类岩石属于钙碱性岩浆系列,具有岛弧花岗岩的特点,但岩石化学、地球化学和同位素组成等的研究表明,它们具有埃达克岩的特征。这些岩石SiO2含量均大于56%,Al2O3含量多≥15%,富Na,MgO含量<3%,Mg#为30.71~59.13,Sr含量高,Sr/Y在19.71~72.86之间,8个样品中有6个比值大于40;Y<18×10-6(6.0×10-6~14.7×10-6);Eu异常不明显或具弱的Eu负异常,稀土元素分异强烈,属强烈的轻稀土元素富集型;Nb负异常十分明显,Sr也具有较明显的正异常,其εNd(t)为正值[εNd(t)=4.09~5.67],(La/Yb)N-YbN和Sr/Y-Y图解上样品主要落入埃达克质岩区域。这些埃达克质岩石的发现,对于研究北山造山带晚古生代的构造演化、地球动力学特征及找矿具有十分重要的意义。