江阴互通桥梁的施工控制测量

结合无锡江阴互通桥梁施工实例,着重介绍了互通桥梁施工控制测量的测点布置和具体作业方法及拱度控制、标高控制和预压的方法;同时,文章还总结了控制测量过程中用到的一些新测量思路及方法。     

713天气雷达数字化系统

本文介绍了用IBM-PC/XT(AT)实现的天气雷达数字化系统的众多功能,分析了系统的工作原理。对于几个关键的技术问题——高速数据录取、软件数字视频积分、地物杂波抑制、座标变换及图象传输,分别给出了解决的方法和详尽的程序方框图。     

区域矿产资源技术经济评价方法的研究

矿产资源是国民经济发展的重要物质基础。因此,一个区域经济发展战略或规划的制定,都把矿产资源技术经济评价成果作为重要的依据。但国内、外在这方面的研究和实践多只限于某一单矿种或某一矿组;多矿种综合性的定量评价实例尚未见到。本文以区域内所有矿种的矿床、矿点、矿化点构成的整体,在地质评价的基础上,于技术可行的条件下对探明的矿产可利用储量在未来一定时期内进行工业开发的经济评价的理论和方法进行了研究。先以区内大量地质勘查和开发利用的实际资料,对矿产资源优劣类型进行定量评判,论述矿产资源经济价值,以其为基础对矿产资源经济区进行划分。再按区内优势矿产资源进行开发系统评价,并分别提出开发对策意见。最后论述矿产资源技术经济评价的主要结论,总结矿产资源开发中的主要问题,提出切实可行的措施和建议。     

新泰市岳家庄金矿构造控矿特征

新泰市岳家庄金矿区位于鲁西地区中南部的下港 -化马湾 -蒙山构造岩浆杂岩带内。该杂岩带发育在新太古代花岗岩—绿岩带中 ,并经受了韧性剪切带和多期次脆性断裂活动的改造。带内分布有燕山期脉岩、火山岩和以金为主的多金属元素组合异常 ,因此是有利的金矿成矿构造带。本文通过对岳家庄金矿区控矿构造体系的详尽分析 ,认为韧性剪切带属中温中部构造层次的压剪性韧性变形。它与雁翎关岩组的复合部位是金富集的有利部位 ,而与北西向脆性断裂叠加部位则是更为重要的控矿构造     

基于海温和环流特征量的江苏省小麦适播期预测

基于江苏省60个气象台站1961-2010年冬小麦冬前生长期间的气温资料,利用曼-肯德尔法（Mann-Kendall method）分析发现,小麦冬前生长期间日均气温及有效积温在全球气候变暖背景下均有明显的增暖趋势。同时根据江苏省各地区冬小麦有记录以来的农业气象资料分析可得,播期与冬前总积温、有效积温具有极显著的相关关系,尤以有效积温更为显著,均通过了0．001显著水平检验,故可利用冬前有效积温确定冬小麦适播期。在此基础上,根据海气相互作用原理以及500hPa大气环流特征量能表征天气形势和控制天气条件的这一特性,利用最优化因子相关技术对海温及环流特征量进行普查,从中挑选一批与冬前有效积温相关显著、稳定性强、因子相互独立、可靠的海温和环流特征量作为长期预报因子,建立冬前有效积温的海温模型和环流模型,其拟合效果和试报效果甚佳,可投入业务应用,提前1-2月预测冬前有效积温,从而确定冬小麦适播期。     

2022年泸定Ms6.8级地震发震构造与鲜水河断裂带强震迁移规律

2022年9月5日12时52分在四川甘孜州泸定县发生Ms6.8级地震,震源深度16 km。这是继2014年康定地震后,发生在鲜水河断裂带上的又一次强震。笔者等通过已有文献资料,结合鲜水河断裂带南段野外地质调查,统计了滑动速率及历史地震资料,并总结了近代鲜水河断裂带强震迁移规律,对认识鲜水河断裂带活动特征及未来地震危险性具有重要意义。主要得出以下几点认识：①鲜水河断裂带各段滑动速率差异较大,以乾宁为界,从NW至SE段整体上呈现出“先减速后加速”的滑动特点;②泸定地震发震构造磨西断裂,为一次左旋走滑事件;③川滇地区近代历史强震活跃期具有“跳跃性”迁移的特点。自1981年道孚地震后,鲜水河断裂带断进入相对平静期,持续了33 a。自2014年康定地震发生,鲜水河断裂带再次进入地震活跃期;④鲜水河断裂带的强震破裂并非单次地震的“贯通型”模式,而是多次地震的渐进式。断层间相互作用尤其是大地震的发生对断裂带强震复发间隔具有重大影响,相同断裂带的强震也会对后续地震的发生概率产生变化。     

隧道支护结构荷载作用的随机反演

提出荷载－结构模式进行随机反分析方法，从隧道支护结构变形反算对应的荷载作用，可反推围岩抗力系数和覆土荷载的分布情况，以及作用于支护结构上各部位的外荷载。提出了以实测位移为基础的样条函数插值．以插值位移补充大量的实测值，满足了反分析所需众多的已知位移数。通过一施工实例对该方法的可行性进行了检验。     

低空无人飞艇航测相机稳定平台控制方法

针对低空无人飞艇航空遥感系统平台姿态稳定问题,以及现有稳定平台用于无人飞艇航测系统存在的困难,提出了基于轻小型低精度GNSS/IMU系统和PID算法的三轴稳定平台控制方法。该系统结合双GPS轻小型组合GNSS/IMU系统,采用分离相机和GNSS/IMU系统控制方式,采用PID控制方法,利用STM32控制芯片电路实现稳定平台的控制,解决无人飞艇航测系统相机姿态稳定问题。最后通过飞行试验验证了该系统的稳定性。试验结果表明,该方法能够满足相机系统的俯仰和翻滚角度及航偏角度控制的要求,能够有效隔离无人飞艇姿态的不稳定对成像系统的影响,对于提高无人飞艇航测系统成图精度有重要意义。     

Stability of waterfront retaining wall subjected to pseudo-static earthquake forces

Waterfront retaining walls supporting dry backfill are subjected to hydrostatic pressure on upstream face and earth pressure on the downstream face. Under seismic conditions, if such a wall retains a submerged backfill, additional hydrodynamic pressures are generated. This paper pertains to a study in which the effect of earthquakes along with the hydrodynamic pressure including inertial forces on such a retaining wall is observed. The hydrodynamic pressure is calculated using Westergaard's approach, while the earth pressure is calculated using Mononobe-Okabe's pseudo-static analysis. It is observed that when the horizontal seismic acceleration coefficient is increased from 0 to 0.2, there is a 57% decrease in the factor of safety of the retaining wall in sliding mode. For investigating the effect of different parameters, a parametric study is also done. It is observed that if φ is increased from 30° to 35°, there is an increase in the factor of safety in the sliding mode by 20.4%. Similar observations were made for other parameters as well. Comparison of results obtained from the present approach with [Ebeling, R.M., Morrison Jr, E.E., 1992. The seismic design of waterfront retaining structures. US Army Technical Report ITL-92-11. Washington DC] reveal that the factor of safety for static condition (k_h=0), calculated by both the approaches, is 1.60 while for an earthquake with k_h=0.2, they differ by 22.5% due to the consideration of wall inertia in the present study.     

Planetary-Scale Wave Structures of the Earth’s Atmosphere Revealed from the COSMIC Observations

GPS radio occultation（GPS RO） method,an active satellite-to-satellite remote sensing technique,is capable of producing accurate,all-weather,round the clock,global refractive index,density,pressure,and temperature profiles of the troposphere and stratosphere.This study presents planetary-scale equatorially trapped Kelvin waves in temperature profiles retrieved using COSMIC（Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere,and Climate） satellites during 2006-2009 and their interactions with background atmospheric conditions.It is found that the Kelvin waves are not only associated with wave periods of higher than 10 days（slow Kelvin waves） with higher zonal wave numbers（either 1 or 2）,but also possessing downward phase progression,giving evidence that the source regions of them are located at lower altitudes.A thorough verification of outgoing longwave radiation（OLR） reveals that deep convection activity has developed regularly over the Indonesian region,suggesting that the Kelvin waves are driven by the convective activity.The derived Kelvin waves show enhanced（diminished） tendencies during westward（eastward） phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation（QBO） in zonal winds,implying a mutual relation between both of them.The El Nino and Southern Oscillation（ENSO） below 18 km and the QBO features between 18 and 27km in temperature profiles are observed during May 2006-May 2010 with the help of an adaptive data analysis technique known as Hilbert Huang Transform（HHT）.Further,temperature anomalies computed using COSMIC retrieved temperatures are critically evaluated during different phases of ENSO,which has revealed interesting results and are discussed in light of available literature.