Shake table investigation on the seismic performance of hospital equipment supported on wheels/casters

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the seismic response of medical equipment supported on wheels and/or casters. Two pieces of equipment were tested: a large ultrasound machine and a cart carrying smaller medical equipment. In the first phase, the resistance of the wheels and casters of the equipment was characterized through a controlled‐displacement procedure on the shake table. In the second phase, an extensive shake table test program was carried out to investigate the seismic response of the equipment. The input signals for the shake table tests included floor motions of a four‐story steel braced‐frame hospital designed to satisfy seismic requirements of a site in the Los Angeles area. The results of 96 shake table tests reported in this study include the seismic performance of the equipment under both unlocked and locked conditions, located on various floor levels of the building. It was observed that engaging the casters' locking mechanism does not necessarily decrease the relative displacement. The displacement response was sensitive to the excitation intensity and the orientation of the equipment with respect to the input excitation. Based on the experimental observations, appropriate structural engineering demand parameters associated with the relative displacement and relative velocity demands of the equipment are proposed and used to develop conditional probability curves. Finally, in an effort to extend the results of this experimental study to similar equipment on wheels/casters, the performance of a simple numerical model in predicting the peak seismic demands is evaluated. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大气校正模型对多光谱水深反演影响的多维度分析

大气校正是水体定量遥感的基础与前提。本文从大气校正模型、大气校正模型参数、水体组分差异以及水深反演波段组合方式4个维度探讨大气校正模型对水深反演的影响。研究采用6S、FLAASH、ACOLITE与QUAC 4种大气校正模型,选取大陆型、海洋型与城市型气溶胶模式,以瓦胡岛西北侧与谢米亚岛周边浅水作为清洁水体研究区,以辽东浅滩与槟城海峡作为浑浊水体研究区,基于Landsat-8多光谱影像开展大气校正,并采用8种波段组合方式进行水深遥感反演。研究结果表明：（1）4种大气校正模型均可在一定程度上削弱大气对水体信号的影响;因参数选取以及研究区水体组分的不同,不同模型的校正结果存在一定差异;两类水体反射率峰值分别出现在蓝波段与绿波段;（2）6S大气校正模型鲁棒性较强,该模型因研究区水体组分发生变化导致对应的水深反演结果与其余模型相比波动较小;FLAASH模型在海洋型和城市型两种气溶胶模式水深反演结果在浑浊水体存在较为明显的差异,辽东浅滩浅水区平均相对误差相差7.9%;ACOLITE模型受水体类型影响显著且对浑浊水体具有优越性与稳定性,平均相对误差较FLAASH降低5.6%;（3）多波段水深反演精度普遍优于单波段,但反演精度与波段数目之间无显著的相关性;水深反演波段组合方式对不同研究区敏感性不同,清洁水体三波段模型的反演精度较好,浑浊水体中四波段模型的反演精度最优,平均相对误差较三波段模型降低达5.6%。     

长江下游江段铜鱼肌肉营养成分分析

对采自长江下游江段的铜鱼(Coreius heterodom)肌肉营养成分进行了测定和分析。结果表明,铜鱼肌肉水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分占鲜样的比例分别为:70.03%、20.54%、6.82%和1.38%;按照氨基酸评分(Amino Acid Score,AAS)和化学评分(Chemical Score,CS)标准,铜鱼限制性氨基酸为缬氨酸和异亮氨酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为81.52;不饱和脂肪酸和ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为63.03%和2.0%;肌肉中常、微量元素含量最高分别为钾(3135μg/g)和铁(5.46μg/g),锌铜比和锌铁比分别为8.85和0.65。     

GPS网可靠性强度分析

本文对GPS基线向量网的可靠性进行了探讨,提出了作为相关观测值的单个基线向量的可靠性指标和粗差检验方法,并通过对实测网和模拟网的计算与分析,得出了一些有关GPS基线向量网可靠性设计的建议和结论。     

恐龙蛋化石物质组分研究

研究了ＸＬ ０１恐龙蛋化石蛋腔内壁和腔内絮状物质的无机组分。采用常规的双目实体显微镜、偏光显微镜及扫描电子显微镜、电子探针和Ｘ光衍射仪,对蛋腔内主要三种矿物物相的物理性质、化学组成及矿物晶体结构进行了研究。并对腔内的矿物形态、结构特点及有利于有机大分子ＤＮＡ保存的条件做了讨论     

A graphic expression of salinization and pollution of groundwater The case of Israel's groundwater

 Anthropogenic activities create various contaminated leachate, which can migrate downward from the vadose zone to groundwater, transferring contaminants, including some hazardous ones. When these various sources of contamination influence the groundwater aquifer simultaneously, the effects of contamination are enhanced. The major concern of this study has been to determine whether the shape of a groundwater chlorograph might be the result of such deterministic effects as accumulation of one or more particular processes of groundwater contamination, and how this might relate to specific hydrological situations. This study proposes a classification of groundwater contamination on the basis of properties of the main components of groundwater quality graphs and the corresponding hydrogeological/environmental situation. The study further suggests that contamination of groundwater in any hydrogeological situation (e.g. sea water) may be graphically expressed. A variety of chlorographs and nitrographs, representative of various groundwater aquifers sampled from a number of wells throughout Israel attest to this. The study thus indicates that groundwater quality graphs may be considered as a complementary tool for groundwater quality control and better understanding aquifer situations.     

DEPENDENCE BETWEEN FUSION TEMPERATURES AND CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF A CERTAIN TYPE OF COAL USING CLASSICAL,NON-PARAMETRIC AND BOOTSTRAP TECHNIQUES

A statistical study of the dependence between various critical fusion temperatures of a certain kind ofcoal and its chemical components is carried out.As well as using classical dependence techniques(multiple,stepwise and PLS regression,principal components,canonical correlation,etc.)together withthe corresponding inference on the parameters of interest,non-parametric regression and bootstrapinference are also performed.     

Understanding carbonate factories through palaeoecological and sedimentological signals – Tribute to Luis Pomar

The carbonate factories, their controlling factors and their palaeoecological and sedimentological signals recorded in sedimentary successions are key elements for understanding the evolution of carbonate platform systems. Luis Pomar has dedicated most of his academic life to the study of carbonate rocks and carbonate factories. The idea for this special issue to celebrate Pomar’s career arose during a session at the 34^th International Association of Sedimentologists meeting held in Rome, entitled ‘Understanding carbonate factories through palaeoecological and geochemical signals’. The proposal encountered great response among participants, and additional contributions followed an email invitation to other specialists. This issue contains a variety of papers on carbonate sedimentology and carbonate factories. Here, an introduction that contextualizes the papers and key concepts discussed in this thematic issue is provided. It reviews Luis Pomar’s major achievements in carbonate sedimentology and discusses the evolution of the concept of the carbonate factory and the series of palaeoecological and sedimentological signals used to characterize the wide spectrum of carbonate depositional systems found in the natural world.     

Quantifying the variability and allocation patterns of aboveground carbon stocks across plantation forest types,structural attributes and age in sub-tropical coastal region of KwaZulu Natal,South Africa using remote sensing

Quantifying the variability and allocation patterns of aboveground carbon stocks across plantation forests is central in deriving accurate and reliable knowledge and understanding of the extent to which these species contribute to the global carbon cycle and towards minimizing climate change effects. The principal objective of this study was to quantify the variability and allocation patterns of aboveground carbon stocks across Pinus and Eucalyptus plantation forests, tree-structural attributes (i.e. stems, barks, branches and leaves) and age groups, using models developed based on remotely sensed data. The results of this study demonstrate that aboveground carbon stocks significantly (α = 0.05) vary across different plantation forest species types, structural attributes and age. Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus grandis species contained aboveground carbon stocks above 110 t C ha⁻¹, and Eucalyptus dunii had 20 t C ha⁻¹. Across plantation forest tree structural attributes, stems contained the highest aboveground carbon stocks, when compared to barks, branches and leaves. Aboveground carbon stock estimates also varied significantly (α = 0.05) with stand age. Mature plantation forest species (i.e. between 7 and 20 years) contained the highest aboveground carbon stock estimates of approximately 120 t C ha⁻¹, when compared to younger species (i.e. between 3 and 6 years), which had approximately 20 t C ha⁻¹. The map of aboveground carbon stocks showed distinct spatial patterns across the entire study area. The findings of this study are important for understanding the contribution of different plantation forest species, structural attributes and age in the global carbon cycle and possible climate change moderation measures. Also, this study demonstrates that data on vital tree structural attributes, previously difficult to obtain, can now be easily derived from cheap and readily-available satellite data for inventorying carbon stocks variability.