对连云港市灌南台一起7级地震前电磁波异常的追踪与反思

2003年7月到2004年8月,连云港市灌南县地震局监测到一起电磁波异常,引起了市地震局分析预报人员的高度关注。对这起异常进行了追踪分析和预测,并对3次预测的结果进行反思,对震前电磁波短临异常又有了一些新的认识。     

Formation Mechanism and Exhumation Processes for HP-UHP Metamorphic Rocks in Dabie Mountains

The high, ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks, widely distributed in Dabie Mountains,were described in terms of the geological setting, the marks of the petrology and the mineralogy of the ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks. According to the estimated uplifting and denudation of the Dabie Mountains, and to the thermodynamics theory, were assessed the depth and pressure (high pressure autoclave) of the formation setting of the UI-IP metamorphic rocks. Based on all the information mentioned above, a new explanation is derived from the mechanism of formation and the processes of exhumation of the UI-IP metamorphic rocks.     

大同—阳高忻州3次中强地震的地磁场△F异常演变特征

对大同—阳高、忻州３次中强地震的地磁场总强度△Ｆ异常变化的时、空、强进行了总结。认为△Ｆ异常变化的空间展布与主干断裂有关，提出磁异常有时间长、连续性好、空间分布广、强度由弱到强的特点。     

山西临汾震区地壳上地幔构造的研究

利用郑州－临汾－靖边深地震测深剖面临汾，阳城炮点所获得的太行山至靖边段的观测资料，在以往解释的基础上重新进行了对比解释。研究结果表明：临汾与其东西两侧壳幔结构与构造的差异是极其明显的，其主要特征如下：（１）对仅在临汾以西出现的强震相Ｐ２进行了解释，并在ＰＭ波之前识别出一组来自下地壳的反射波Ｐ５；（２）根据临汾以西Ｐｇ与Ｐ２波的特征，我们确认在临汾盆地下方及其西侧，中地壳的上部８－１２ｋｍ深度内存在     

Preventing flooding or regulating flood levels?: Case studies on perception of flood alleviation in Bangladesh

Based on a systematic sample survey among the residents of two contrasting floodplain environments - the Tista floodplain (a shallow flood area) and the Ganges-Brahmaputra floodplain (a deep flood area) - this study tests a central hypothesis that the floodplain residents of Bangladesh preferred regulation of flood levels as the main flood alleviation measure. The study found that, despite significant differences in property setting, flood hazard experience and the nature of indigenous adjustments to floods between the two sample areas, an overwhelming 95% of the respondents from each area preferred regulation of flood levels within a range of 0.3 to 2.0 m. The study attempts to provide an explanation for the popularity of regulated flood levels in the context of indigenous adjustments of floodplain crops and infrastructures tonormal flood levels in Bangladesh, which coincided with the respondents' preferred range of flood levels. The study points out that the objective of the UNDP/World Bank-sponsored embankment compartmentalization projects also coincides with this goal of regulating flood levels. However, to test the physical limitations of regulating water levels between neighbouring compartments and to assess the environmental impacts of the proposed projects, the study stresses the need for initiating environmental baseline surveys on the pilot compartmentalization project, which is located on the left bank of the Brahmaputra.     

有机质在沉积物成岩中的作用

有机与无机成岩作用的综合研究,已成为目前沉积物成岩作用研究中的热门课题之一,综合国外在这一研究领域中的最新成果,本文对有机质在沉积物成岩中的作用进行了综述,强调有机质的热成熟作用对于次生孔隙和异常地层压力的形成所起的重要作用。     

利用地倾斜异常跟踪预报1989年巴塘震群始末

本文详细地介绍了四川1989年巴塘6.7级震群发生过程中,地倾斜异常特征,临震三要素的判断及其跟踪预报过程,是一篇对该次震群短临预报工作的概括。     

川藏铁路孜拉山区片麻岩蠕变特性及本构模型研究

川藏铁路孜拉山区片麻岩分布广泛,岩石各向异性特征显著,深埋隧洞修建时围岩变形直接影响隧洞稳定及加固措施。为揭示川西—藏东孜拉山区片麻岩的蠕变特征,开展了三轴压缩蠕变试验,发现了一种裂纹异常扩展现象,在叠加原理的基础上通过绘制等时应力-应变曲线确定长期强度。基于Burgers模型建立一种更符合工程实际的蠕变本构模型,采用麦夸特算法和全局优化算法进行参数辨识。结果表明:同一围压条件下,试样瞬时应变增量随应力等级增大而变小,发生硬化现象;片麻岩试样在蠕变特性中表现出因微观结构各向异性而引起裂纹异常扩展的现象,在衰减蠕变阶段其蠕变速率因裂纹异常扩展而骤增;长期强度随围压增大而增大,与常规三轴试验条件相比,长期强度分别下降59.8%和21.3%。本研究构建的改进的Burgers模型更加符合实际情况,所得到的试验力学参数可为工程建设及灾害防治提供科学依据。     

2017年7月陕西高温热浪天气成因及前期信号初探

利用陕西98个气象观测站最高气温逐日资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析逐日、逐月资料、NOAA逐月海表温度资料以及国家气候中心逐月环流指数资料,分析了2017年7月陕西极端高温热浪天气的成因,探寻其前期信号。结果表明:此次高温演变过程分为两个阶段,第一阶段为9—14日,陕西大部处于新疆至河套一带高度场正异常控制中,异常下沉运动和低层暖平流位置偏北造成陕西中北部出现高温;第二阶段为19—27日,西太平洋副热带高压明显北抬西伸、高空急流与南亚高压东进,造成异常下沉运动增强、南移,加之低层暖平流范围增大、强度增强,使得高温向陕西南部扩展,高温中心南移且强度增大。前期5—6月赤道西太平洋关键区(10°S—15°N、160°E—140°W)海温异常与7月陕西中南部高温呈显著正相关,它是7月陕西中南部高温一个可靠的前期信号。当前期5—6月关键区海温偏高时,其可通过激发遥相关波列与西太副高、南亚高压及东亚上空纬向风发生联系,进而影响陕西中南部气温变化,这可能是造成该地区7月极端高温事件的主要原因。     

SQ-70D型石英水平摆倾斜仪状态监控软件

为弥补对SQ-70D型石英水平摆倾斜仪状态监控的不足,结合实际工作中仪器故障特点,采用C#语言开发水平摆状态监控软件,采用MSChart控件,可查看仪器记录的数据曲线;利用数据异常识别算法,可对水平摆靠摆进行报警;通过Telnet功能,实现对仪器网络异常的自动维护;利用免费短信提醒,仪器出现异常时通知工作人员。软件在丰宁地震台的应用,提高对水平摆异常处理速度,加强对水平摆监控能力。