某住宅楼的地基加固与纠偏

面对连云港市新浦区软土地基上施工的某住宅楼 ,施工时由于对北楼部分桩出现的缩颈及断裂未能妥善处理 ,造成楼房北倾的问题。经协商 ,及时采取了旋喷桩加固法加固北楼基础 :采用沉降法(切桩 )、纠偏 (使各承台均匀、协调、沉降 )、接桩、固封等措施 ,效果良好。     

Numerical Analysis of Space–Time Finite Element Formulations for Miscible Displacements

A finite element formulation is proposed to approximate a nonlinear system of partial differential equations, composed by an elliptic subsystem for the pressure–velocity and a transport equation (convection–diffusion) for the concentration, which models the incompressible miscible displacement of one fluid by another in a rigid porous media. The pressure is approximated by the classical Galerkin method and the velocity is calculated by a post-processing technique. Then, the concentration is obtained by a Galerkin/least-squares space–time (GLS/ST) finite element method. A numerical analysis is developed for the concentration approximation. Then, stability, convergence and numerical results are presented confirming the a priori error estimates.     

GPS-RTK与边角交会联合测图根控制

在城市测量中,由于建筑物的不断增高,绿化植物的多样与浓密,仅仅利用GPS-RTK无法完成一项测量工作,必须与常规测量相结台才行.为此,本文采用GPS-RTK与边角交会联合测量图根控制;并介绍了GPS-RTK与常规的边角变会相结合测图根控制的施测、检核及计算方法,分析了交会点的点位精度;最后通过算例得出几点有用的结论.     

Laplace方程Cauchy问题的一种数值解法

研究了Laplace方程Cauchy问题的数值求解，该问题是一个典型的病态问题。利用格林（Green）公式将Laplace方程的Cauchy问题转化为Hausdorff矩问题。本文利用一种新方法，即矩问题的积分方程方法，求解矩问题，设计了二维Laplace方程Cauchy问题稳定的算法，给出了近似解的误差估计，并对二维Cauchy问题进行了数值模拟。     

基于验后方差估计的稳健整体最小二乘方法

根据整体最小二乘的验后方差估计,求出观测值的验后方差,通过方差检验可找出方差异常大的观测值。然后根据经典权与观测值方差成反比的定义赋予它一个相应小的权进行下一步迭代平差,逐步实现粗差定位。通过坐标转换实验,利用一般最小二乘法(LS)、加权整体最小二乘法(WTLS)以及文中提出的稳健整体最小二乘法(RTLS)分别对待估参数进行求解对比,解算结果表明文中提出的方法能对粗差进行有效的定位,且估计量受粗差影响较小,具有稳健性,估算效果优于其它两种方法。     

A Methodology for Clustering Lakes in Alberta on the basis of Water Quality Parameters

In this study, a methodology for clustering 18 lakes in Alberta, Canada using the data of 19 water quality parameters for a period of 11 years (1988–2002) is presented. The methods consist of (i) principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the dominant water quality parameters, (ii) cluster analysis techniques to develop the characteristics of the clusters, and (iii) pattern‐match lakes to determine the appropriate cluster for each of the lakes. The PCA revealed that three principal components (PCs) were able to explain ～88% of the variability and the dominant water quality parameters were total dissolved solids, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll‐a. We obtained five clusters for the period 1994–1997 by using the dominant parameters with water quality deteriorating as the cluster number increased from 1 to 5. Upon matching cluster patterns with the entire dataset, it was observed that some of the lakes belonged to the same cluster all the time (e.g., cluster 1 for lakes Elkwater, Gregg, and Jarvis; cluster 3 for Sturgeon; cluster 4 for Moonshine; and cluster 5 for Saskatoon), while others changed with time. This methodology could be applied in other regions of the world to identify the most suitable source waters and prioritize their management. It could be helpful to analyze the natural controlling processes, pollution types, impact of seasonal changes and overall quality of source waters. This methodology could be used for monitoring water bodies in a cost effective and efficient way by sampling only less number of dominant parameters instead of using a large set of parameters.     

2.5-D稳定电流场h-自适应有限元的后验误差分析

本文针对2.5-D稳定电流场问题,用Galerkin方法推导了其变分问题;基于残值推导了h-自适应有限元方法求解2.5-D稳定电流场边值问题的后验误差公式,阐述了2.5-D稳定电流场的基于超收敛恢复的后验误差估计方法.为2.5-D稳定电流场h-自适应有限元方法的后验误差的实现奠定了理论基础.     

FY2海面温度产品质量检验方法与误差分析

主要介绍了风云二号静止气象卫星海面温度产品的质量检验方法及检验流程,给出了FY2E业务海面温度产品和FY2F海面温度算法的质量检验结果,并从误差统计、反演算法、系统设计等方面分析了目前FY2海面温度产品与国外卫星海面温度产品差异大的原因。现场海面温度质量检验和分析场海面温度交叉检验各有优缺点。现场海面温度质量检验能够对FY2 SST产品给于客观的评价。国外分析场海面温度具有时效性好、全球覆盖且质量均一的优点,分析场海面温度交叉检验能满足FY2 SST质量检验的时效性,是对FY2 SST的相对检验。通过静止卫星海面温度产品质量检验信息可以为产品研发人员和相关用户提供参考。     

复杂环境下地基SAR粗差探测及应用

雷达视线受施工机械等的间断遮挡导致部分影像产生相位奇异值,从而造成解缠错误及误差传递,简单的相关影像处理难以识别受遮挡影像。本文提出了改进的基于小波变换的信号奇异性检测方法,通过对地基SAR PS点时序相位特征进行分析,将遮挡影像识别转化为粗差探测问题;由PS点相位序列与影像位置关系,根据测区PS点相位序列的奇异点集合得到受遮挡影像集;最后将受遮挡影像剔除后得到的地基SAR监测结果与精密全站仪、水准与游标卡尺数据进行对比分析。结果表明：本文提出的方法用于受遮挡影像的识别是可行的,解决了地基SAR在实际工程应用中可能存在的影像遮挡带来的测量数据含有粗差的问题,提高了监测区域伪影像检测的效率与准确性。     

罗德里格矩阵在共线方程严密解法中的应用

在共线方程严密解法中,人们习用的是以方位元素X_s,Y_s,Z_s,φ,ω,κ为未知数的严密公式。本文则以罗德里格旋转矩阵的三个独立元素b,a,c取代角方位元素φ,ω,κ,并推导了相应的误差方程式。理论表明,新方法在组成旋转矩阵和计算误差方程系数中只需作加、减、乘、除等运算而不需解求三角函数,因而节省了计算工作量。