全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3782篇 |
免费 | 465篇 |
国内免费 | 630篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1406篇 |
大气科学 | 663篇 |
地球物理 | 605篇 |
地质学 | 843篇 |
海洋学 | 600篇 |
天文学 | 104篇 |
综合类 | 411篇 |
自然地理 | 245篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 30篇 |
2022年 | 75篇 |
2021年 | 100篇 |
2020年 | 116篇 |
2019年 | 153篇 |
2018年 | 94篇 |
2017年 | 147篇 |
2016年 | 206篇 |
2015年 | 184篇 |
2014年 | 225篇 |
2013年 | 301篇 |
2012年 | 246篇 |
2011年 | 276篇 |
2010年 | 190篇 |
2009年 | 232篇 |
2008年 | 219篇 |
2007年 | 252篇 |
2006年 | 260篇 |
2005年 | 203篇 |
2004年 | 172篇 |
2003年 | 147篇 |
2002年 | 130篇 |
2001年 | 112篇 |
2000年 | 84篇 |
1999年 | 94篇 |
1998年 | 125篇 |
1997年 | 83篇 |
1996年 | 70篇 |
1995年 | 63篇 |
1994年 | 55篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 40篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 24篇 |
1989年 | 30篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有4877条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
121.
区域地球化学数据的归一化处理及应用 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
介绍了一种简单的勘查地球化学数据调整方法———归一化,该方法采用各批或各区块差异数据的平均值或中位数的衬值乘以参照值以获得元素的视含量,用于调整不同分析批次之间的系统误差,或不同背景区数据的差异;用2个实例详细介绍了该方法的应用效果。 相似文献
122.
针对南泥湾油田特点。确定适合本区地质及油藏工程特点的工业油流标准,提高该类油田储量的计算精度。应用数值模拟、类比等方法。结果显示.南泥湾这类必须经过压裂改造的特低渗油藏.单井产量仍然按照双曲线递减规律;工业油流标准的确定,需要准确把握单井平均总投资、原油利润、收回单井总投资的单井产量等参数,在此基础上确定的工业油流标准更能满足生产需要,对储量计算、滚动开发建产、管理者决策具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
123.
小秦岭金矿含金石英脉中黄铁矿晶体的表面微形貌研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用微分干涉显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等对小秦岭金矿含金石英脉中黄铁矿晶体的表面微形貌进行了研究。黄铁矿晶体的{210}面上发育自由生长层,表明{210}面是F面,其生长机理受二维成核层生长所制约。除简单的五角十二面体外,其他形态黄铁矿晶体的{210}面上也发育有自由生长层。{210}面上的正条纹有些是由{100}面上生长层的边缘台阶在{210}面上叠堆形成,另一些正条纹则是{210}面上生长层边缘台阶堆叠的产物。透射电镜和电子衍射花样研究表明,负条纹黄铁矿晶体是由30~50nm大小的核团经自动定向附生作用形成,每个核团不是单晶体,而是由许多早先在溶液中形成的小微晶聚合而成。这些特征表明负条纹黄铁矿晶体是在溶液过饱和度极高和温度梯度小的理想环境中形成,它的形成与杂质无关。PBC理论和唐纳-哈克定律能较好地解释自然界中黄铁矿晶体{100}面上普遍发育自由生长层、而{210}面上自由生长层极为罕见的原因。除日本释迦内矿区黑矿之上的浮岩凝灰岩中产生出负条纹黄铁矿晶体外,在石英脉型金矿床中也有负条纹黄铁矿晶体产出。 相似文献
124.
GPS广播星历参数拟合算法 总被引:25,自引:2,他引:25
介绍了GPS广播星历参数的最小二乘估计方法。推导了相应的计算公式。计算结果表明。文中给出的公式是正确的,其拟合精度以用户距离误差(URE)示时,对预报轨道的损失小于1cm。 相似文献
125.
126.
基于二维直接线性变换的数字相机畸变模型的建立 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:10
提出并论证了基于二维直接线性变换的畸变的校正方法。本方法特别适用于各类固态摄像机(CCD、CID、PSD)的畸变模型的建立,以补偿各类像点系统误差。 相似文献
127.
Taking continuous spatiotemporal in situ measurements with multi‐probes in fast‐flowing waters/rivers can be problematic because the sensors may be damaged by high shear forces and flotsam. To protect the multi‐probe and to enable easy access for the maintenance and calibration of the sensors, a special multi‐probe holder fixed in a hydrographic slot was developed. The validation of the probe system revealed a “memory effect” at short time scales (< 10 s) within sharp gradients caused by the overflow container of the multi‐probe rack keeping the sensors submerged in the sample water. Continuously recorded data (conductivity, temperature, pH, oxygen concentration and saturation, as well as in vivo fluorescence of chlorophyll‐a) from a research cruise on board the RV ALBIS along the river Elbe (river km 309) and entering the river Saale are presented. This river stretch upstream of the city of Magdeburg to the mouth of the Saale tributary was found to have a complex physicochemical character, which is attributable to the long mixing process of water from the river Saale and the river Elbe. 相似文献
128.
In our previous study (Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 2003; 32 :2301), we have developed a probabilistic algorithm for active control of structures. In the probabilistic control algorithm, the control force is determined by the probability that the structural energy exceeds a specified target critical energy, and the direction of a control force is determined by the Lyapunov controller design method. In this paper, an experimental verification of the proposed probabilistic control algorithm is presented. A three‐story test structure equipped with an active mass driver (AMD) has been used. The effectiveness of the control algorithm has been examined by exciting the test structure using a sinusoidal signal, a scaled El Centro earthquake and a broadband Gaussian white noise; and, especially, experiments on control have been performed under different conditions to that of system identification in order to prove the stability and robustness of the proposed control algorithm. The experimental results indicate that the probabilistic control algorithm can achieve a significant response reduction under various types of ground excitations even when the modeling error exists. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
129.
It has been well studied that the γ-function explicit method can be effective in providing favorable numerical dissipation for linear elastic systems. However, its performance for nonlinear systems is unclear due to a lack of analytical evaluation techniques. Thus, a novel technique is proposed herein to evaluate its efficiency for application to nonlinear systems by introducing two parameters to describe the stiffness change. As a result, the numerical properties and error propagation characteristics of the γ-function explicit method for the pseudodynamic testing of a nonlinear system are analytically assessed. It is found that the upper stability limit decreases as the step degree of nonlinearity increases; and it increases as the current degree of nonlinearity increases. It is also shown that this integration method provides favorable numerical dissipation not only for linear elastic systems but also for nonlinear systems. Furthermore, error propagation analysis reveals that the numerical dissipation can effectively suppress the severe error propagation of high frequency modes while the low frequency responses are almost unaffected for both linear elastic and nonlinear systems. 相似文献
130.
Effects of calculation procedure and sampling site on trap method estimates of sediment resuspension in a shallow lake 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Resuspension estimates given by two different trap methods in a shallow lake were compared. The sensitivity of the methods to errors in estimates of gross sedimentation and organic fraction of trapped material was explored. The methods were label method, in which resuspension is estimated by determining the organic fraction of surface sediment, suspended seston and trapped material, and SPIM/SPM method, where the relationship between settling particulate inorganic matter (SPIM) and total settling particulate matter (SPM) is used. During the whole 111 day study period, according to the label method, at a sheltered station 1949 g m−2 dry weight of sediment was resuspended, whereas SPIM/SPM gave an estimate of 1815 g m−2. The difference in the estimates was probably due to mineralization loss of organic material in the traps during the two week exposure periods. Sensitivity analysis showed that of the two methods, the label method was more sensitive to variations in the organic content of trapped material. At a wind-exposed station, the total amounts of resuspended matter given by the label method and by the SPIM/SPM method were 4966 g m−2 and 4971 g m−2, respectively. Due to wind effects, escape of trapped material took place, which caused underestimation of gross sedimentation and compensated the effects of mineralization loss to diminish the difference between the methods. Of the two methods, the SPIM/SPM method seems thus more suitable for lakes, where bacterial activity is high. If cyanobacterial blooms take place, the label method is probably more reliable, providing that the exposure time of sediment traps is kept adequately short. 相似文献