不同浓度苯并（a）芘对杂色鲍抗氧化酶活性的影响

为阐释不同浓度苯并（a）芘[B（a）P]对杂色鲍（Haliotis diversicolor）的毒性效应,以0.02、0.04和0.08 mg/dm^33个质量浓度的B（a）P对杂色鲍进行水体暴露胁迫,7d后检测肌肉、外套膜、鳃、性腺、肾和肝胰腺的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性及还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量.结果显示：0.02 mg/dm^3的B（a）P暴露对杂色鲍抗氧化系统的影响不明显,而0.04、0.08 mg/dm^3的B（a）P则显著抑制了SOD、CAT和GPx酶活性以及GSH含量,同时对GST酶活性具有显著的诱导作用;实验还发现,不同组织抗氧化酶活性对B（a）P胁迫的敏感性响应存在较大差异,其中鳃、肾脏和肝胰腺的敏感性响应明显高于肌肉和外套膜.上述结果表明,苯并（a）芘暴露对杂色鲍抗氧化酶活性的影响具有明显的剂量-效应关系及组织差异性,杂色鲍的鳃、肾脏或者肝胰腺的抗氧化酶响应多环芳香烃胁迫的更敏感,可作为B（a）P污染的生物标志物.     

Emplacement of the La Peña alkaline igneous complex,Mendoza, Argentina (33° S): Implications for the early Miocene tectonic regime in the retroarc of the Andes

The La Peña alkaline complex (LPC) of Miocene age (18–19 Ma) lies on the eastern front of the Precordillera (32°41ʹ34ʺS, 68°59ʹ48″W, 1400–2900 m a.s.l.), 30 km northwest of Mendoza city, Argentina. It is a subcircular massif of 19 km² and 5 km in diameter, intruded in the metasedimentary sequence of the Villavicencio Formation of Silurian-Devonian age. It is the result of integration of multiple pulses derived from one or more deep magma chambers, which form a suite of silicate rocks grouped into: a clinopyroxenite body, a central syenite facies with a large breccia zone at the contact with the clinopyroxenite, bodies of malignite, trachyte and syenite porphyry necks, and a system of radial and annular dikes of different compositions. Its subcircular geometry and dike system distribution are frequent features of intraplate plutons or plutons emplaced in post-orogenic settings. These morphostructural features characterize numerous alkaline complexes worldwide and denote the importance of magmatic pressures that cause doming with radial and annular fracturing, in a brittle country rock. However, in the LPC, the attitude of the internal fabric of plutonic and subvolcanic units and the preferential layout of dikes match the NW–SE extensional fractures widely distributed in the host rock. This feature indicates a strong tectonic control linked to the structure that facilitate space for emplacement, corresponding to the brittle shear zone parallel to the N–S stratigraphy of the country rock. Shearing produced a system of discontinuities, with a K fractal fracture pattern, given by the combination of Riedel (R), anti-Riedel (R′), (P) and extensional (T) fracture systems, responsible for the control of melt migration by the opening of various fracture branches, but particularly through the NW–SE (T) fractures. Five different pulses would have ascent, (1) an initial one from which cumulate clinopyroxenite was formed, (2) a phase of mafic composition represented by dikes cross-cutting the clinopyroxenite, (3) a malignite facies that causes a small breccia in the clinopyroxenite, (4) a central syenite facies that develops breccias at the contact with the clinopyroxenite and, finally, (5) porphyry necks and a system of radial dikes intruding all units. At the moment of the emplacement different mechanisms would have acted, they summarized in: 1) opening of discontinuities synchronous to the magma circulation as the principal mechanism for formation of dikes and conduits; 2) stoping processes, that play an important role in the development of the breccia zone and enabling an efficient transference of material during the emplacement of the syenitic magma and 3) shear-related deformation (regional stress), affected the internal fabric of the facies, causing intracrystalline deformation and submagmatic flow, which is very evident in the central syenite intrusive. The kinematic analysis of shear planes allows proposing that emplacement of the LPC took place in a transtensive regime, which would have occurred in the back-arc of the Andes orogen, during a long period spanning from Miocene to the present, of the compressive deformation responsible, westward and at the same latitude, for the development of the Aconcagua fold and thrust belt.     

井中磁测资料预处理与弱信号识别

井中磁测仪器距离场源近,磁测资料受到钻孔打穿磁性体产生的内磁场影响,往往存在强干扰压制有用信号,因此研究井中磁测资料预处理与弱信号识别方法具有重要意义。笔者将地面重磁资料边界识别中倾斜角总水平导数和解析信号振幅方法改进后应用于井中磁测资料预处理中,提出倾斜角垂向导数和均值归一解析信号振幅方法。通过模型分析证明了两种方法都可识别强弱不同的井旁磁性体位置,反映边界信息,且给出了计算均值归一解析信号振幅过程中窗口选择的依据。将两种方法应用于江苏某工区ZK002孔磁测资料预处理中,得出倾斜角垂向导数方法应用于实测资料中会放大干扰,而均值归一解析信号振幅方法增强了该钻孔弱异常信息,且压制了干扰信号,处理结果与磁化率测井和钻孔资料相对应。     

南海地缘战略逻辑演进与南海命运共同体建构

南海因其所具有的重要地缘政治与经济战略地位而成为大国竞相角逐之地。然而,在一个相互依赖的时代,南海地缘战略并非只是地缘政治冲突的单一逻辑,而是迈向政治与经济、文化交织、竞争与合作并存的复合逻辑状态。南海周边国家经贸互补性大于竞争性,已经形成互赖的地缘经济格局,但是南海地缘经济合作存在的制度重叠、制度竞争与制度过剩仍暴露了地缘经济中的竞争逻辑。“一带一路”作为新型区域合作平台,有助于超越传统地缘经济竞争逻辑。东亚意识的产生、南海地缘政治经济互赖以及南海制度规范的建立使得南海地缘文化在多元文化互动中迈向共同体逻辑。建构融安全、利益以及信任为一体的南海命运共同体,需要通过对话协商自主制定地区规则、加强南海地区功能性合作、通过多轨外交增进地区互信,使南海成为“友好、和平、合作”之海。     

运用“一法三化”进行测绘质量项目管理

由于测绘项目需要在野外工作,且具有工作流动性、单一性,资料保密性、特殊性等特点,使得测绘单位与其他工业、工厂、食品生产单位相比,管理更具复杂性。尤其是一些大型工程,如西部无人区测图、全国1∶50 000地形图数据库更新、青海东部黄河谷地百万亩土地开发整理、陕西秦岭1∶10 000无图区等测绘项目,施工过程中若有一点疏忽甚至微小的纰漏就会造成重大工程质量问题。近几年来,国内工程项目质量不合格现象频频发生,形势比较严峻。笔者结合测绘项目的特点提出运用"一法三化"进行测绘质量项目管理的管理理念。     

实施创新教育培养高素质创新人才

世界科技飞速发展的今天，实施创新教育是时代的呼唤，是教育改革与发展的方向，是素质教育的必然。创新教育是探索精神、综合能力、创造意识与创造能力的培养，改变传统教育观念，加强教育改革，改革教学方法，营造有利于创造性人才成长的环境是实施创新教育的有效途径。     

天体周日视运动过程中天体高度的变化率

天体周日视运动过程中天体的高度不断变化,对天体观测的质量有直接的影响,通过分析天体周日视运动过程中天体高度的变化率,给出不同观测时机进行天体高度观测的特性,并用曲线图的形式给出天体高度变化率的极值点和零值点。航海人员可以从更深的层次认识天体周日视运动的规律,指导天文定位过程中对天体高度的观测。     

The genotoxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene and methamidophos on black porgy evaluated by comet assay

In this study, two common pollutants （benzo[a]pyrene and methamidophos） in marine environment were tested by comet assay for their inducement of in vivo genotoxic effect to the blood cells of black porgy （ Acanthopagrus schlegeli）. The fish was exposed to 2 μg/L of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） and methamidophos, and their mixture. The assay was performed on whole blood at 2 h, 5 h, 24 h and 96 h exposure intervals. A significant increase in DNA damage was observed in each treatment with the pollutants. Additive effect of BaP and methamidophos was also found in the experiment. However, the decrease ratios of DNA damage for 5 h and 96 h exposure interals compared with 2 h and 24 h exposure ones, respectively, were noticed. This phenomenon may be explained by the function of repairing process via enzyme cytochrome P450 in the animal. Evidence of the genotoxicity of organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） on marine fish are discussed in this paper.     

沉积相的一些术语定义的新思考:基于迈尔(Miall,1985)的文章

近年来,《古地理学报》(中文版及英文版)连续收到一些来稿,其作者根据迈尔(Miall,1985)文章的观点和方法,把他们研究地区碎屑岩剖面中的每个岩层中的岩石挑出来,归纳出一些岩石类型,如砾岩、砂岩、细粒岩等,并称它们为岩相(lithofacies)。这不符合沉积相的定义。我曾写过几篇文章,即冯增昭(2018,2020)及Feng(2019),指出这些问题,希望国内外的作者、尤其是国内的作者,不再继续盲目地引用和传播迈尔(1985)文章的观点和方法。迈尔是第1个称岩石(实际上是沉积物)为岩相的人,他的观点和他提出的相分析方法误导了沉积相的正确定义及正常的相分析方法。本文主要讨论迈尔(Miall,1985)文章中的问题,即他把沉积物当作岩相并用岩相分析相。不讨论他文章的贡献及建筑单元中的一些术语欠严谨的问题。在这里,必须申明,本文中的相,是沉积岩石学中的相,不是火成岩岩石学、变质岩岩石学、古生物学、地层学、地球物理学、地球化学等地质学分支学科中的相。岩相、相和沉积相是同义的术语。当然,这些术语的定义是有争议的,希望遵循“百花齐放和百家争鸣” 的方针和地质实践,逐步地解决这些争议。     

地理信息公共服务平台数据更新技术——以数字沈阳地理空间框架为例

结合沈阳市地理信息公共服务平台数据更新项目,研究地理共享平台数据的更新方式、更新技术以及更新发布一体化流程等关键技术。采用增量更新技术矢量数据,基于历史要素与现势要素节点、分线段的位置关系,检测并提取数据库中更新的要素;利用分词检测方法检测地名信息的匹配度,进行地名数据的更新;基于地名与路网数据,对公交数据进行检测、采集、优化等流程,完成公交数据的更新;并建立平台数据更新与发布一体化流程。经过作业流程控制与编写辅助程序,极大提高数据更新的速度与质量控制水平。