缅甸不同矿点翡翠的矿物学特征

通过对缅甸达木坎矿区、帕敢矿区、隆肯矿区的4个矿点翡翠样品的偏光显微镜、电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射等测试,其结果表明:各矿点翡翠均以粒状变晶结构为主,主要矿物为硬玉,次要矿物有钠长石、云母类、辉石类、闪石类矿物、沸石类矿物等。其中,哥因角矿点翡翠矿石中有较大量辉石类矿物,纳莫矿点发现较大量方沸石矿物。沸石是含水矿物,而含水矿物作为矿脉的前锋组成矿物更为合理,故纳莫翡翠矿体形成深度应相对其它矿点更深。隆肯矿点翡翠样品w(A_l2O_3)=23.187%,w(Na_2O)=17.706%,w(TiO_2)=0.349%,w(K_2O)=0.298%,高于其它矿点;哥因角矿点翡翠样品w(CaO)=1.821%,w(MgO)=2.983%,w(FeO)=1.432%,高于其它矿点;纳莫矿点样品w(SiO_2)平均61.91%,为4个矿点中最高。     

动态构建福建紫金山铜金矿矿体模型

为了将不同边界品位情况下矿体的形态及由边界品位变化引起的矿体形态变化程度在计算机中动态、实时地展现,同时也为了解矿体在不同工业指标条件下的空间形态,进行了矿体动态建模方法研究。采用了一种新的、基于矿体属性模型向其几何结构模型转化的方法--克里格块体法。通过该方法,基于指示克里格估值技术,使用块体模型＋实体模型的三维数据模型结构,动态地构建出了福建上杭紫金山铜金矿矿体在不同边界品位条件下、信息充分、完备且具高可信度的矿体模型,达到了使建模结果能够真正服务于矿山勘探和生产实践的效果。该方法具有一定的可扩展和易推广的性质,能够完成大多数类似矿山及类似地质体的动态建模过程。     

山东招远栾家河断裂北段表土矿物蚀变特征

经过对栾家河断裂北段表土矿物成分鉴定和化学分析,该研究区的表土来自经受过低温(<150℃)中至弱碱性热液作用的岩石,主要由斜长石、钾长石、白云母、石英、风化成因的高岭石和热液叠加而成的蒙脱石等矿物混合而成.根据表土矿物蚀变特征与已知矿化带顶部表土特征的对比,工作区内高岭石矿物主要为风化成因,而蒙脱石系热液作用而成.从蚀变粘土矿物特征推断,其深部存在热液金矿化.     

贵州兴旺煤矿开采地表塌陷预测方法探讨

以贵州六枝特区兴旺煤矿地表塌陷为例,采用概率积分法作为地表移动及变形预测的模式,选取下沉系数、主要影响角、主要影响半径和水平移动系数为地表移动参数,计算得出井田开采后地表最大下沉值为1425．3mm,影响面积约1．85km^2。并比较说明除移动参数外各类煤柱的留设也是其中需要考虑的因素。     

Spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metal concentrations in mussels (Mytilus edulis) from the Baie des Chaleurs, New Brunswick, Canada

Previous studies on heavy metal contamination of the Baie des Chaleurs focus only on industrial centers and overlooked the ecosystem as a whole. To fill this gap, the objective of this study is to establish a baseline of the spatio-temporal distribution of heavy metals in mussels from the Baie des Chaleurs based on the ecosystem approach. Our results show, for the first time, a cadmium contamination in mussels across the south coast of the Baie des Chaleurs and not only in industrial centers. Our results also confirm previous studies showing heavy metal contamination of the Belledune area. This study demonstrates that the use of the ecosystemic approach is essential to obtain a comprehensive picture of environmental contamination in marine ecosystems.     

Global distributions of Fe,Al, Cu,and Zn contained in Earth's derma layers

To improve the usefulness and accuracy of modeling Earth's anthrobiogeochemical metal cycles, global maps at approximately 1° × 1° are produced of the concentrations and masses of Fe, Al, Cu, and Zn contained in continental sediments and soils. The maps generated utilize inverse distance weighting (IDW) and cokriging to generate new estimates for geospatially weighted mean global concentrations for these metallic micronutrients. Sediment metal concentration maps are generated from IDW of sediment samples; global soil maps are produced via cokriging upon an underlying parent rock dataset composed of both surface bedrock and sediment samples. Derived are independent estimates for the global mean concentrations in continental sediments (Fe = 3.1 wt.%, Al = 6.1 wt.%, Cu = 45 μg/g, Zn = 86 μg/g) and soils (Fe = 2.5 wt.%, Al = 3.9 wt.%, Cu = 17 μg/g, Zn = 50 μg/g). While continental sediment concentrations for Cu are within the range of previous estimates, Zn concentrations are relatively higher, ~ 20 μg/g above previous estimates. Fe and Al are slightly depleted (~ 1 wt.%) in continental sediments relative to previous estimates, likely ascribable to sampling bias and error inherent in the comparative methodologies. Besides an estimated global mean, metal concentrations in soils are also broken down by FAO soil group. Metal masses in sediments and soils remain within 30% of previous, non-spatial estimates. These maps also illustrate the discernable spatial variability across the Earth's surface. Despite data gaps, maps of metal mass show regional patterns such as the high quantities of Al in the soils and biomass of the Amazonia and Congo regions. Concentrations of metals are relatively high in the anthrosols of China. Finally, this analysis highlights those areas for which generating and providing publically available geochemical data should be prioritized. For instance, gypsisols, lixisols, and nitisols have little to no analytical data available on metal contents. A sensitivity analysis suggests that the most poorly constrained soil metal concentrations occur in the thick, old tropical soils of central Africa and the anthrosols of eastern China.     

广东龙门上仓铅锌矿成矿特征及成矿规律研究

龙门上仓铅锌矿是广东省上仓式沉积改造型铅锌矿的典型矿床。通过对龙门上仓铅锌矿的矿床特征进行研究,综合前人的研究成果,归纳总结出该矿床的成矿要素,并且对矿床的成矿模式进行了初步探讨。研究表明,由大赛坝组构成槽部的开阔向斜以及南西翼帽子峰组层间破碎带构成的控矿构造是该矿的必要成矿要素。矿床成因属于岩浆热液—沉积改造型。     

平邑县矿山地质环境保护与治理机制探索

平邑县高度重视日益突出的矿山地质环境问题,不断加强矿山地质环境保护与治理工作力度,通过推进矿山公园建设、严格采矿权审批程序及开展矿山地质环境治理总体规划等,对保护矿业遗迹、保护矿山地质环境等工作起到积极作用,并取得了较好的社会效益、经济效益和环境效益。     

深部找矿新进展对矿床成矿模式研究的意义

一些典型矿床具有以下成矿模式：赣南钨矿的“五层楼+地下室”模式,云南老厂铅锌银多金属矿床的VMS(火山成因块状硫化物)铅锌矿与斑岩钼矿同位叠加模式,四川省盐源县平川铁矿火山沉积(?)-次火山气液充填-交代矿床系列模式,江苏省南京市梅山式铁矿叠加后期火山-次火山热液金矿床的成矿模式,内蒙古毕立赫金矿斑岩-构造蚀变岩-浅成石英脉型矿化成矿系列模式(?),云南个旧锡矿热水沉积叠加岩浆期后热液成矿模式。近年国内对矿山深部和外围找矿的新发现具有重大的经济社会效益,对它们的成矿模式研究意义进行了总结。