江西湖口隧道工程地质条件评价

论述了江西湖口隧道场区的地层岩性条件。根据断层、层面、节理结构面的组合赤平投影图,判定了隧道西洞口与东洞口自然斜坡的稳定性,以及隧道西洞口、东洞口SW、东洞口NE路堑坡的稳定性。F2、F2′、F3断层横切洞体,断层与洞体交汇处及软岩分布区,围岩不稳定,易出现掉块及小塌方。提出了短开挖、弱爆破、强支护、先排水隧道的施工方案。     

库岸再造对雅泸高速公路岗子上隧道进口岸坡的影响

雅泸高速公路青杠咀特大桥泸沽岸桥台与岗子上隧道进口衔接段位于大渡河右岸上部冰积扇上,由于瀑布沟水电站的蓄水将使岸坡前缘约1/4部分没于水下。对整个岸坡影响较大的岩土体主要是由上-中更新统冰积、冰水沉积层组成的冰水堆积物,这类岩土体在水的作用下,其物理力学性质和强度将会发生显著变化,弱化工程性状,从而影响岸坡的稳定性及桥台布置。可以预见,对岸坡起主要影响作用的外部条件就是水的作用,库岸再造将是影响岸坡稳定性的控制性因素。本文以岗子上隧道进口岸坡为研究对象,通过对岸坡工程地质条件、岩土体结构及物理力学特性、岸坡影响因素的分析,深入研究了瀑布沟电站水库蓄水后引起的库岸再造对岸坡稳定性的影响。并采用卡丘金法、两段法(多段法)、极限平衡分析法对库岸再造影响宽度进行预测。3种方法的预测结果表明:瀑布沟电站蓄水后该段岸坡各个不同部位均会产生不同程度的塌岸破坏。根据该库岸岸坡的结构特点和3种方法的适用条件,提出对库岸岸坡不同梯段需要采用不同的预测方法综合预测,即对于水下岸坡可按两段法预测,而对于水上岸坡可综合考虑卡丘金法和极限平衡法的计算结果。对于类似库岸岸坡的稳定性分析具有一定的指导意义。     

缺陷管理在国土资源信息系统维护中的应用研究

本文分析了国土资源信息化系统建设维护中存在的问题,阐述了国土资源缺陷管理的内涵,通过设计一种合理的缺陷处置流程和缺陷系统实现模式,解决国土资源信息化建设中系统维护遇到的困难,提升了国土资源信息化的整体服务水平。     

仲巴微地体之定义及构成

根据1∶5万西藏仲巴地区区域地质调查工作,结合1∶25万区域地质资料和前人研究成果,对被认为属于雅鲁藏布江缝合带西段夹持于两套混杂岩之间呈狭长分布的海相古生界为主地质体进行了研究。建议统一使用"仲巴微地体"术语以体现其构造属性,并初步定义为:仲巴微地体是指南东起于萨嘎县北查藏一带向北西到中印边界附近、被札达—仲巴—查藏和穷果—门士两条主断裂限制、一套以海相地层为主的地质体,它是由海相(震旦系/)奥陶系—三叠系组成的地层地体。进一步对比研究提出,仲巴微地体大致以巴噶—马攸木为界可分为幕霞和霍尔巴—仲巴两个地层分区,前者岩性未变质—弱变质,地层单斜、褶皱开缓;后者前石炭系以中低级绿岩相—片岩相为主,发育紧闭和同斜倒转褶皱;该地体可以划分为震旦系—寒武系、奥陶系—泥盆系、石炭系—二叠系、三叠系四个构造层,大致反映了其构造和沉积演化。     

Prediction model of tunnel boring machine performance by ensemble neural networks

The penetration rate of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) depends on many factors ranging from the machine design to the geological properties. Therefore it may not be possible to capture this complex relationship in an explicit mathematical expression. In this paper, we propose an ensemble neural network (ENN) to predict TBM performance. Based on site data, a four-parameter ENN model for the prediction of the specific rock mass boreability index is constructed. Such a neural-network-based model has the advantages of taking into account the uncertainties embedded in the site data and making appropriate inferences using very limited data via the re-sampling technique. The ENN-based prediction model is compared with a non-linear regression model derived from the same four parameters. The ENN model outperforms the non-linear regression model.     

TCP/IP网络隧道技术研究

论述了TCP／IPTunnel技术的实现原理，研究了TCP／IPTunnel所依靠的IP协议与UDP协议，以及IP层（网际层）的部分协议，传输层的协议。并讨论了NetwareTCP／IPTunnel技术。     

西藏当雄6．6级地震与仲巴6．8级地震震害特征分析

2008年8月25日日喀则地区仲巴县发生了6．8级地震之后,10月6日当雄县发生了6．6级地震。对比分析了这2次地震的震害特征,探讨了两地灾害损失不同的主要原因,为今后开展防震减灾工作提出了建议和对策。     

Effects of tunnelling on existing support systems of perpendicularly crossing tunnels

The interactions between perpendicularly crossing tunnels in the Sydney region are investigated using a full three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis coupled with elasto-plastic material models. Special attention is paid to the effect of subsequent tunnelling on the support system, i.e. the shotcrete lining and rock bolts, of the existing tunnel. The results of the analysis show that in a region such as Sydney, with relatively high horizontal stresses, installation of the new tunnel causes the shotcrete lining of the existing tunnel to be in tension in the side facing towards the tunnel opening and in compression at the crown and invert. The pre-stressed rock bolts are usually tensioned more in the sections closest to the tunnel opening. For this particular study, if a new tunnel is driven perpendicularly beneath an existing tunnel, significant increases are induced in the bending moments in the shotcrete lining at the lateral sides of the existing tunnel and in the axial forces at its crown and invert. The increase in side bending moments causes further tensile cracking but the crown and invert stresses remain within the thresholds for both compressive failure and tensile cracking for shotcrete lining of typical concrete quality. Moreover, the driving of the new tunnel causes the tensile forces in the existing side rock bolts to increase and those in the existing crown rock bolts to decrease. In contrast, if the new tunnel is driven perpendicularly above the existing tunnel, compressive failure of the existing shotcrete lining is induced at the crown of the deeper tunnel for concrete of typical capacity and a significant tensile force increase of the existing rock bolts around the crown. It is concluded that in order to ensure the stability of the existing tunnel, local thickening is needed at the sides of the existing shotcrete lining if the shallow tunnel is installed first and local thickening is needed at the crown if the deep tunnel is installed first.     

Environmental and hydrogeological problems in karstic terrains crossed by tunnels: a case study

The construction of one of the high-speed railway tunnels between Malaga and Córdoba (South Spain) beneath the Abdalajís mountains occasioned a series of hydrogeological problems with geotechnical and environmental impacts. The double tunnel, 7,300 m in length, runs south to north across several lines of small, calcareous mountains that have a highly complex structure. Beneath the Jurassic limestones lie Triassic clays and evaporites. Overlying the limestones is an essentially marly and limestone-marl Cretaceous series, which culminates with Miocene marls containing some organic matter. These mountains have generated springs that are used for urban water supply and irrigation, as well as drinking fountains in the surrounding villages. The initial water level in the aquifer series varied from 400 to 650 m above sea level. After drilling approximately 2,900 m, and intercepting a fracture zone within the carbonate rocks, a sudden water eruption occurred that reached a peak flow of 800 L/s. After a short while, spring discharges dried up, leading to a public protest. In this paper, we describe the geological and hydrogeological settings, the development of the aquifer as the drilling operation proceeded, the measures adopted and the responses subsequent to completion of the tunnel, including the effect of rainfall on the recovery of water levels. Lastly, a generalized estimate is made of how the system functions, and a forecast is made for recovery of its equilibrium.     

西藏萨嘎地区仲巴微地体韧性滑脱剪切带~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

仲巴微地体夹持于雅江缝合带西段分支的南、北亚带之间,地体内发育韧性滑脱型剪切带。对该类高应变构造带活动时间进行厘定,不仅可以为其形成演化提供制约,而且也可为印度-欧亚板块碰撞过程提供重要的年代学佐证信息。在该剪切带不同变形部位采集了含白云母、黑云母糜棱质岩样品,进行云母类单矿物~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar测年。获取年龄数据3组:53.39±0.57Ma、39.45±0.42Ma、29.41±0.32Ma,表明该剪切带具有多期次构造活动叠加特征。其中第1组年龄代表在印度-欧亚板块初始碰撞阶段,剪切带形成的时代下限(最小年龄),因该剪切带是两大板块初始碰撞的产物,所以可佐证板块起始碰撞时间为53.39±0.57Ma之前的晚白垩世末—始新世初期;第2组年龄代表在板块主碰撞阶段,发生继承性的近南北向挤压剪切作用后白云母的冷却年龄;第3组年龄代表了后碰撞阶段,剪切带的再次滑动后低温隆升时期的黑云母年龄。