依靠矿产资源优势发展京九铁路南浔段经济建设的建议

本文从矿产资源在国民经济建设中的重要性出发，根据九江市矿产资源的优势及其存在问题，向各级领导及决策部门提出了一重视、二协调、三加强、四提高、五兴办几项工作建议。     

荒漠,半荒漠地区建设铁路中风沙流防护体系的研究

荒漠、半荒漠地带铁路沙害的基本特征是沙侵道床、埋没轨道、磨蚀设备。因不同地带生态条件不同，引起铁路沙害可划分为四类九级。铁路沙害防护标准高，要求路基不风蚀、道床不污染、线路不积沙。根据沙害类型和生态条件，分有灌溉条件与无灌溉条件两种情况建立相适宜的经济防护体系，由前沿阻沙带、植物固沙带、铁路本体防护三部分组成     

青藏铁路冻土路基沉降变形现场试验研究

Based on the field data of ground temperature and roadway settlement observed during the construction of the experimental embankments over permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibetan Railway, this paper discusses the differences of frost process on the roadway surface from that on the natural ground surface, the changes of permafrost table under the roadway embankment, and the peculiarities of roadway settlement. Analyses of the test results show : 1) The differences of the freezing indexes between the roadway surfaces and the natural ground surfaces are less than those of the thawing indexes for all the test sections; 2) Since the measures of permafrost protection were taken, the permafrost tables under the embankments have raised after the roadway was constructed. The minimum is about 0.4 m and the maximum is 1.2 m; 3) the settlements of the roadway are mainly from the compression and creep of the icerich frozen soils under the original permafrost tables and the maximum has reached 6 ～ 8 cm during the first year after the embankments were constructed. Moreover, concerning the processes of roadway settlement, the deformation of the embankments has no obvious trend of attenuation at present. Especially,for the roadway with high embankments, the settlement may reach a remarkable value and much consideration must be given for this problem.     

青藏铁路多年冻土工程地质勘察

The effective and assured measures in criteria of formulation, procedures, techniques and methods for geological prospecting of Qinghai-Xizang Railway have been made. The permafrost engineering geological investigation indicate the talik and those sections with annual average ground temperature higher than 1 ℃ takes up 68.8% of total amount; the high ice content permafrost also account for 50% of real permafrost section. The distribution of permafrost characteristics is obviously influenced by altitude and latitude. The prospecting also shows the distribution of permafrost characteristics is rather complicated. Based on two predications of air temperature-rising tendency, by calculating climate model of permafrost thermal status, and comparing and analyzing geological distribution of Qinghai-Xizang Railway, the tendency of permafrost recession range has been predicated.     

Effect of soil stabilization on audible band railway ground vibration

Although railway-generated ground vibrations usually have greater energy levels at lower frequencies, vibrations in the audible range above 20 Hz can nevertheless be relevant for secondary noise problems in buildings. One countermeasure is soil stabilization under the track embankment. While effective at low frequencies, a potential side effect is amplification in some audible bands. Presented here are both experimental and theoretical assessments of the countermeasure in the audible bands. The main innovation is the treatment of an infinite periodic track–ground system, using a transfer matrix approach with a repeating element including the rail, pad, sleeper, and an underlying half-space (ballast and soil). Excitation in this band is attributed to rail and wheel roughness. The model makes successful predictions when the half-space properties are allowed to be frequency-dependent such that the dispersion of the surface wave matches that in the actual layered earth (including ballast and underlying soil layers). The field measurements are also unique in that both before and after evaluation of the countermeasure was possible.     

西部地区交通建设中的泥石流灾害与防治对策

我国西部地区铁路、公路交通干线共有泥石流灾害 4 70 0余处, 占全国道路泥石流灾害的 70 %以上。泥石流分布广泛, 成灾方式多样, 灾害严重, 制约了西部地区交通建设的发展。本文提出了做好路线方案比选, 防患于未然, 正确评判泥石流沟和发育现状, 工程设计要适合泥石流特点, 以及提高防灾减灾勘察设计水平, 开展泥石流防治试验示范工程研究等六条防治对策。     

青藏线冻土地球物理模型的建立

通过对青藏线冻土勘探综合物探资料的分析 ,建立了 2种有代表性的冻土地球物理模型 ,此模型的建立不仅有助于野外冻土资料的判释 ,而且对今后冻土物探工作有一定的指导意义。     

青藏铁路建设过程中的冻土环境问题

冻土环境问题是青藏铁路建设的3个主要技术难题之一, 结合青藏铁路建设的工程实践, 论述了冻土环境问题对青藏铁路工程质量和未来安全运营的重要性. 认为应该结合工程实践, 深入开展铁路工程和冻土环境相互影响的有关课题, 为青藏铁路的安全运营提供技术理论支持.     

青藏铁路巴嘎榨岛状多年冻土的成因

青藏铁路地质条件复杂，多年冻土分布广泛，对多年冻土的调查评价是铁路设计与建设中的重要因素之一，本文通过对巴嗄榨岛状多年冻土的成因分析，并结合钻探、物探、测温等综合勘探成果，查明了该段多年冻土的工程地质条件，为铁路设计和施工提供了科学依据。     

新疆精(河)-伊(宁)铁路沿线雪害形成机制及其防治工程措施

天山西部的降雪丰富,伊犁河流域年最大雪深普遍超过60crn,中国科学院天山积雪与雪崩研究站和伊犁的最大雪深分别高达152crn和89cm。因此,天山西部山区风吹雪和雪崩灾害较多,严重影响着当地的交通安全。新疆精(河)-伊(宁)铁路经过的缓坡丘陵区是风吹雪灾害多发区,崇山峻岭区是雪崩灾害多发区。通过对铁路沿线的气象要素进行分析与推算,结果表明,该地区的最大风速平均值14．0m／s,30a-遇的最大风速与最大积雪深度分别为20．3m／S和160cm;平均冬季降水量153．2mm,为风吹雪灾害的发生提供了物质与动力条件。在风吹雪多发区,风吹雪的主要危害类型是路堑型风吹雪沉积,其次为低路堤型风吹雪沉积等。经过野外考察和室内分析,基本上查清了精(河)一伊(宁)铁路沿线风吹雪的发生与分布规律,并且针对性地提出了铁路在雪害多发区的设计原则和雪害防治方法。认为路堤防风吹雪的适宜高度为200～1500cm,路堤若低于200cm,路面上易发生风吹雪沉积;若路堤的边坡较陡,则路面上不易发生风吹雪沉积;路堑边坡的角度越小,路堑越深,路堑走向与主导风向的夹角越小,风吹雪沉积越不易发生;风吹雪的防治应以防风吹雪走廊和下导风板为主,并辅以侧导板、挡雪墙等工程。精-伊铁路雪崩灾害主要发生在崇山峻岭区,主要类型为坡面雪崩和坡面沟槽雪崩。阳坡雪崩多发生在降雪季节,雪崩危害相对较少;阴坡积雪不易融化,雪崩危害大。阴坡雪崩在整个冬季从开始下雪直到次年春季积雪融化以前都可发生,危害时期长。在雪崩灾害的多发区,铁路选线时明线工程最好能选在阳坡,永久性建筑物或设施要尽量避开沟槽雪崩的运动区和堆积区;铁路线横穿河流处,桥梁的桥墩和铁路延伸线一定要避开沟槽雪崩的运动区和堆积区,尽量选在两雪崩之间的山梁或山脊处,隧道出入口也要选在突出的山嘴或山梁等正地貌部位。在其他条件允许的情况下,线路应尽量向坡面的上部抬升。精一伊铁路沿线雪崩灾害治理原则：在所有的隧道出入口,隧道再向外延伸3m,上方再修建导雪堤,可保隧道口的安全;在工程建设过程中,要求尽量少地破坏铁路两侧的植被,特别是树林和灌木。