河北阜平地区太古宙变质深成岩与金矿的关系初探

区内变质深成岩由阜平岩群变质表壳岩经深部重熔作用形成,典型特征是低钾富钠,具有TTG岩石特点.经对变质深成岩成矿元素的研究表明:①Au元素丰度值很高(平均2.10×10-6),远远高于世界中性-中酸性侵入岩及地壳中Au元素的丰度值;②Au元素浓集克拉克值(488.37)远远大于1,呈非常强的富集状态;③Au元素在变质深成岩中的变异系数(0.65)几乎是区内变质表壳岩中Au元素的2倍,有利于Au元素的聚集成矿.故变质深成岩应是成矿物质的主要提供者.     

Advective heat transfer and fabric development in a shallow crustal intrusive granite — the case of Proterozoic Vellaturu granite,south India

Syntectonic plutons emplaced in shallow crust often contain intermediate-to low-temperature deformation microstructures but lack a high-temperature, subsolidus deformation fabric, although the relict magmatic fabric is preserved. The Proterozoic Vellaturu granite emplaced at the eastern margin of the northern Nallamalai fold belt, south India during the late phase of regional deformation has a common occurrence of intermediate-to low-temperature deformation fabric, superimposed over magmatic fabric with an internally complex pattern. But high-T subsolidus deformation microstructure and fabric are absent in this pluton. The main crystal plastic deformation and fluid enhanced reaction softening was concentrated along the margin of the granite body. Resulting granite mylonites show Y-maximum c-axis fabric in completely recrystallized quartz ribbonds, dynamic recrystallization of perthites, and myrmekite indicative of fabric development under intermediate temperature (∼ 500–400°C). The weakly-deformed interior shows myrmekite, feldspar microfracturing and limited bulging recrystallization of quartz. The abundance of prism subgrain boundaries is indicative of continuing deformation through low-temperature (∼ 300°C). The relative rates of cooling influenced by advective heat transfer and deformation of the pluton seem to control the overall subsolidus fabric development. The rapid advective heat transfer from the interior in the early stages of subsolidus cooling was followed by slow cooling through intermediate temperature window as a well-developed phyllosilicate rich mylonitic skin around the granite body slowed down conductive heat loss. Low-T crystal plastic deformation of quartz was effected at a late stage of cooling and deformation of the shallow crustal granite body emplaced within the greenschist facies Nallamlai rocks.     

Magmatic structures in the Krkonoše–Jizera Plutonic Complex,Bohemian Massif: evidence for localized multiphase flow and small-scale thermal–mechanical instabilities in a granitic magma chamber

The present paper examines magmatic structures in the Jizera and Liberec granites of the Krkonoše–Jizera Plutonic Complex, Bohemian Massif. The magmatic structures are here interpreted to preserve direct field evidence for highly localized magma flow and other processes in crystal-rich mushes, and to capture the evolution of physical processes in an ancient granitic magma chamber. We propose that after chamber-wide mixing and hybridization, as suggested by recent petrological studies, laminar magma flow became highly localized to weaker channel-like domains within the higher-strength crystal framework. Mafic schlieren formed at flow rims, and their formation presumably involved gravitational settling and velocity gradient flow sorting coupled with interstitial melt escape. Local thermal or compositional convection may have resulted in the formation of vertical schlieren tubes and ladder dikes whereas subhorizontal tubes or channels formed during flow driven by lateral gradients in magma pressure. After the cessation or deceleration of channel flow, gravity-driven processes (settling of crystals and enclaves, gravitational differentiation, development of downward dripping instabilities), accompanied by compaction, filter pressing and melt segregation, dominated in the crystal mush within the flow channels. Subsequently, magmatic folds developed in schlieren layers and the magma chamber recorded complex, late magmatic strains at high magma crystallinities. Late-stage magma pulsing into localized submagmatic cracks represents the latest events of magmatic history of the chamber prior to its final crystallization. We emphasize that the most favorable environments for the formation and preservation of magmatic structures, such as those hosted in the Jizera and Liberec granites, are slowly cooling crystal-rich mushes. Therefore, where preserved in plutons, these structures may lend strong support for a “mush model” of magmatic systems.     

内蒙古沙麦岩体：正εNd（t）值的过铝质花岗岩

内蒙古沙麦岩体位于大兴安岭中段西坡,是二连浩特-东乌珠穆沁旗花岗岩带的重要组成部分。岩体中脉岩和围岩捕虏体较为发育,岩性组合主要为中细粒黑云母花岗岩和细粒似斑状花岗岩。在化学成分上,沙麦岩体以铝弱过饱和,富硅,全碱含量中等和低磷为特点,标准矿物中刚玉分子大于1%,可归为过铝质 S 型花岗岩。在稀土元素和微量元素组成上,岩体富 Rb、Th、U、Ta,贫 Ba、Sr、P、Ti,Rb/Sr 比值高,K/Rb 比值低,Eu 负异常明显。在 Nd 同位素组成上,岩体 Nd 同位素组成变化较大,除一件样品ε_(Nd)(t)值为负值以外,普遍以具正ε_(Nd)(t)值为特点,T_(2DM)值介于275.79～1048.41Ma 之间。研究结果表明,沙麦岩体形成于晚中生代后造山的岩石圈伸展环境中,是幔源基性岩浆底侵及其诱发的壳-幔混合岩浆,同化中上地壳泥质围岩并经高程度分离结晶的产物。     

冀北小张家口超基性岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成

采用离子探针(SHRIMPⅡ)测得小张家口基性-超基性岩体中的锆石主要有220±5Ma和491±7Ma两组年龄,以及一个很老的继承锆石年龄2453Ma。年龄为220±5Ma的一组锆石(A组)具有典型的岩浆型振荡环带,这组年龄应代表该岩体的侵位年龄。A组锆石的~(176)H/~(177)Hf比值从0.282557到0.282690,ε_(Hf)(220Ma)=-2.9～ 1.66。年龄为491±7Ma的一组锆石(B组)具有变质成因的蝴蝶结构(Butterfly structure)和熔蚀边,属于继承锆石。B组锆石的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf比值从0.282239到0.282483,ε_(Hf)(491Ma)=-8.6～0.06。~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb年龄为2453Ma的锆石应该是岩浆侵位时从华北克拉通古元古代基底中捕获的锆石。A组锆石的Hf同位素数据表明,220Ma左右由于华北北缘岩石圈伸展,导致软流圈地幔上涌,亏损的软流圈地幔流/熔体与富集的岩石圈地幔相互作用并混合,这种混合地幔源区发生部分熔融而形成小张家口基性-超基性岩体。B组锆石可能是小张家口岩体在岩浆侵位过程中捕获的来源于富集地幔或大陆下地壳的锆石。     

江西宜丰同安花岗细晶岩年代学及其成因研究

燕山期甘坊复式岩体是宜丰锂铌钽稀有金属矿田重要的赋矿岩体,细晶岩作为甘坊岩体晚阶段岩浆演化的产物,与区内细晶岩型稀有金属成矿作用关系密切,但前人对该类岩石及其成矿作用特征研究较薄弱。本文以甘坊岩体南侧同安矿区内的花岗细晶岩为研究对象,对其展开系统的岩相学、锡石U-Pb年代学和全岩地球化学分析。锡石U-Pb定年结果表明,同安花岗细晶岩形成时代为138.3 Ma。全岩地球化学分析结果显示,该类岩石具高磷铝、富碱钙、贫镁铁钛的特征,且A/CNK值(1.71～1.88)较高,σ值(1.40～1.72)较低,属于典型的强过铝质、高钾钙碱性岩石。全岩微量及稀土元素成分显示,同安花岗细晶岩具有稀土元素强烈亏损,相对富集Rb、U、Nb、Ta、Pb、P、Hf和明显亏损Ba、Th、Sr、Ti等元素的特征。综上所述,同安花岗细晶岩属高分异的S型花岗岩,来源于地壳浅部变沉积岩物质的部分熔融。在演化过程中,经历过早期高度结晶分异过程和晚期的岩浆-热液相互作用,其中早期的高度结晶分异过程对Li成矿起到了初始富集的作用,而演化晚期的岩浆-热液相互作用才是Li元素高度富集并成矿的关键。     

桂东北均洞花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其构造意义

均洞花岗岩体出露于钦杭结合带西南部,对揭示桂东北构造演化具有重要意义,其岩石组合为石英黑云母闪长岩、黑云母二长花岗岩和黑云母二长岩.文章运用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年方法,获得均洞岩体的结晶年龄为423～430 Ma,为加里东期造山作用的产物.均洞岩体的SiO2含量较低(55.47～62.95 wt％);其中一...     

中川岩体铀矿化富集条件及铀矿化成因分析

中川岩体位于中秦岭华力西褶皱系礼县—柞水冒地槽褶皱带西段中部,为同心环状产出的复式岩体。围绕岩体产有中川铀矿田和李坝、马泉、崖湾等金矿床。其中铀矿化类型有钠交代型、硅质脉型、粘土型、硅质脉—粘土叠加型,不同类型的铀矿化其富集条件也各异。矿化成因有两种,岩浆期后热液成因和下降水淋积成因。     

内蒙古敖汉旗克力代岩体锆石U-Pb年代及地球化学

通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年对内蒙古敖汉旗克力代岩体进行研究。结果表明,岩浆锆石的加权平均年龄为263±1 Ma,表明其结晶年龄为中二叠世。岩石地球化学分析表明,岩体具有高Si(SiO2=69.94%～72.56%),富ALK(Na2O+K2O=8.04%～9.23%),贫Fe(FeOT=1.50%～1.82%)、Mg(MgO=0.65%～0.86%)、Ti(TiO2=0.32%～0.35%)的特点;A/CNK值为0.87～0.93,为准铝质;A/NKC1.1,显示出I型花岗岩特征。固结指数(SI)为6.06～7.36,分异指数(DI)为88.82～91.82,说明岩体经历了较强的分异演化作用。稀土元素总量较低(ΣREE=91.76×10-6～143.16×10-6),轻稀土明显富集,重稀土相对亏损,LREE/HREE值平均为9.14,(La/Yb)N平均值为8.36,δEu平均值为0.58,为Eu亏损型。大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、K较富集,强烈亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ti、Ta。因此,判定克力代岩体为高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩。结合测年结果和地球化学特征,判定该岩体为晚海西期华北板块和西伯利亚板块碰撞作用形成的同碰撞型花岗岩。