江西永平Cu-W矿床白钨矿地球化学特征及其对矿床成因的指示

江西永平Cu-W矿床是钦杭成矿带东部一个大型Cu-W矿床。针对该矿床的成因,一直存在着海底喷流沉积型与矽卡岩型矿床的争论。文章针对该争论,通过对永平Cu-W矿床的白钨矿开展微量元素分析,研究了成矿流体性质、来源和矿床成因。永平Cu-W矿床发育3种类型白钨矿:退化蚀变阶段暗色均质白钨矿Ⅰ-1;亮色均质白钨矿Ⅰ-2;石英-硫化物阶段具有环带结构的白钨矿Ⅱ。白钨矿中Mo含量和Eu异常能够指示成矿流体氧化还原性。白钨矿Ⅰ-1富集Mo元素,并呈负Eu异常,指示氧化性;白钨矿Ⅰ-2和白钨矿Ⅱ中Mo含量减少,并且呈正Eu异常,指示成矿流体的氧逸度降低。永平Cu-W矿床所有白钨矿均呈明显的轻稀土元素富集模式,与典型矽卡岩型白钨矿稀土元素特征相一致,而明显不同于石英脉型矿床白钨矿中稀土元素或重稀土元素富集模式。白钨矿具有高Mo和低Sr元素,与岩浆-热液白钨矿特征一致,而明显不同于变质来源的白钨矿,指示成矿流体来源于岩浆。白钨矿的Y/Ho比值范围为19～43,与似斑状黑云母花岗岩(Y/Ho=25～30)相似,明显不同于石炭系叶家湾组(Y/Ho=34～75),指示成矿流体主要来源于岩浆。白钨矿地球化学特征指示永平Cu-W矿床为矽卡岩型矿床。     

LATE QUATERNARY ACTIVITY OF FAULTS IN THE EPICENTER AREA OF JINGGU M6.6 EARTHQUAKE

The 2014 Jinggu M6.6 earthquake attacked the Jinggu area where few historical earthquakes had occurred and little study has been conducted on active tectonics. The lack of detailed field investigation on active faults and seismicity restricts the assessment of seismic risk of this area and leads to divergent view points with respect to the seismotectonics of this earthquake, so relevant research needs to be strengthened urgently. In particular, some studies suggest that this earthquake triggered the activity of the NE-trending faults which have not yet been studied. By the approaches of remote sensing image interpretation, structural geomorphology investigation and trench excavation, we studied the late Quaternary activity of the faults in the epicenter area, which are the eastern margin fault of Yongping Basin and the Yixiang-Zhaojiacun Fault, and drew the conclusions as follows: (1)The eastern margin fault of Yongping Basin originates around the Naguai village in the southeastern margin of Yongping Basin,extending northward across the Qiandong, Tianfang, and ending in the north of Tiantou. The fault is about 43km long, striking near SN. The linear characteristic of the fault is obvious in remote sensing images. Structural geomorphological phenomena, such as fault troughs, linear ridges and gully dislocations, have developed along the faults. There are several dextral-dislocated gullies near Naguai village, with displacements of 300m, 220m, 146m, 120m and 73m, respectively, indicating that the fault is a dextral strike-slip fault with long-term activity. In order to further study the activity of the fault, a trench was excavated in the fault trough, the Naguai trench. The trench reveals many faults, and the youngest strata offseted by the faults are Holocene, with ¹⁴C ages of(1 197±51)a and(1 900±35)a, respectively. All those suggest that it is a Holocene active fault. (2)The Yixiang-Zhaojiacun Fault starts at the southeast of the Jinggu Basin, passes through Xiangyan, Yixiang, Chahe, and terminates at the Zhaojiacun. The total length of the fault is about 60km, and is a large-scale NE-trending fault in the Wuliangshan fault zone. Four gullies are synchronously sinistrally dislocated at Yixiang village, with the displacements of 340m, 260m, 240m and 240m, indicating that the fault is a long-term active sinistral strike-slip fault. A trench was excavated in a fault trough in Yixiang village. The trench reveals a small sag pond and a fault. The fault offsets several strata with clear dislocation and linear characteristic. The thickness of strata between the two walls of fault does not match, and the gravels are oriented along fault plane. The offset strata have the ¹⁴C age of(2 296±56)a, (3 009±51)a, and(4 924±45)a, respectively, and another two strata have the OSL age of(1.8±0.1)ka, (8.6±0.5)ka respectively, by which we constrained the latest paleoearthquake between(1.8±0.1)ka(OSL-Y01)and(378±48)a BP(CY-07). This again provides further evidence that the fault is a Holocene fault with long-term activity. (3)Based on the distribution of aftershocks and the predecessor research results, the 2014 Jinggu M6.6 earthquake and the M5.8, M5.9 strong aftershocks are regarded as being caused by the eastern margin fault of Yongping Basin, which is part of the Wuliangshan fault zone. The seismogenic mechanism is that the stress has been locked, concentrated and accumulated to give rise to the quakes in the wedge-shaped area near the intersection of the SN and NE striking faults, which is similar to the seismogenic mechanism in the southwest of Yunnan Province.     

永平铜矿床成矿地球化学及成因分析

通过地球化学研究认为,该区基底含矿建造是成矿的主要物质来源,混合岩化作用是促使成矿物质活化、迁移、富集的主要能量机制,花岗岩浆的侵位对矿床起叠加改造作用.永平铜矿床具明显的衍生成矿特点.     

云南永平县卓潘磷灰石型稀土矿特征及成矿条件

云南永平县卓潘稀土矿呈面状分布,赋存于喜马拉雅期过碱性杂岩体风化壳中,该区富稀土、富磷、富稀有金属元素的过碱性杂岩体,为稀土多金属矿床的形成提供了丰富的物质来源.加之温暖的古气候环境、持久的风化作用,相对较缓的地形地貌、以及岩体风化壳的完整保留等因素是稀土矿富集的重要条件.     

江西永平爆破北西测线资料再解释

本文利用江西永平爆破北西测线深地震测深资料,综合分析了其走时、振幅及频率特性,得到江西东北部地壳结构。利用振幅特性来减少反演的非唯一性。关于振幅特性分析,第一步用经典射线理论分析这一地区的振幅响应趋势;第二步用波动理论方法严格计算临界点附近的振幅特性,进一步研究经典射线理论方法的应用可能。最后还利用隧道波理论分析了永平爆破资料,得出这一地区的地壳上部可能存在低速层;地壳深部可能存在高速薄层,厚度在1km以内,速度为7.40km/s左右;莫霍面顶部为一梯度层结构。结果表明,既使在较稳定的地台区,地壳内部的结构也可能是相当复杂的。     

江西永平铜矿矽卡岩矿物特征及其地质意义

永平铜矿含矿岩石主要为绿帘石透辉石石榴石矽卡岩,这种岩石类型是与斑岩体有关的矽卡岩铜矿的典型赋矿岩石。通过对这一主要赋矿矽卡岩的研究,我们发现石榴石生长分为两个阶段:(1)早期石榴石:主要分布在石榴石颗粒核部,XAdr=1.0,主要以钙铁榴石为主,说明早期流体中可能含有较多的铁,是在较氧化条件下形成的;(2)晚期石榴石,沿石榴石裂隙重新成核或者在靠近流体通道的早期石榴石表面生长,出现震荡环带,XAdr=0.46~0.99,为钙铁-钙铝石榴石系列。石榴石发生变化的期间也形成新的矿物,如绿帘石、萤石、方解石和石英等。共存石榴石和绿帘石矿物中存在Fe3+-Al3+之间的替代,说明流体的氧逸度、组分浓度或aFe3+/aAl3+可能发生了变化。金属矿物也可能是在这一阶段形成的。永平铜矿矽卡岩从接触带到大理岩空间上有分带现象。从岩体到围岩的变化趋势为:石榴石含量减少,颜色存在红棕色-棕色-棕绿色-黄绿色-浅黄色的变化趋势;矿石品位降低,这与石榴石中Al2O3含量的变化较一致。我们认为这种变化是含矿热液对早期矽卡岩进行再交代改造的结果,表现为石榴石和绿帘石中Fe3+-Al3+含量的变化,并将Cu等金属沉淀下来。根据矽卡岩矿物的这些特征,在矿床勘探时,可依据棕色石榴石来追踪主矿体的位置。