2013年岷县M_s6.6地震区域台阵强震动记录衰减与烈度线比较分析

2013年7月22日甘肃岷县6.6级地震是十年来发生在甘肃省破坏性最大的地震。本文对距震中距18~218 km以内的22个强震动台所获取的主震记录进行了分析处理,研究了该次地震在强震动台站分布方向上的衰减规律。将根据衰减规律得出的烈度区域与震后灾害评估的烈度图比较后发现,分析得出的Ⅷ度、Ⅶ度区范围相对略大,Ⅵ度以下区域范围则大致相当,其原因应该与近场的强震动记录较少有关系。     

辽宁地区长周期地震动灾害预测及防灾对策

减轻长周期地震动灾害是城市防震减灾面临的新课题。本文在分析长周期地震动灾害产生条件的基础上,对辽宁地区的地震环境、长周期地震波的传播途径及地基条件作了分析,认为在下辽河平原及周边地区城市有产生长周期地震动灾害的可能,文章最后提出了防治和减轻长周期地震动灾害的对策。     

资源三号数据在省域主体功能区监测方面的应用

当前国家以及各地区主体功能区区域规划已经完成,如何对规划后的主体功能区进行监测,是当今主体功能区监测面临的重大课题。资源三号卫星数据为主体功能区监测提供新的数据源。本文以资源三号卫星数据为数据源,开展主体功能区监测应用,并建立主体功能区监测平台,用于主体功能区监测与地物提取。     

THE REGIONAL GOVERNANCE CONTEXT IN RUSSIA: A GENERAL FRAMEWORK

Many European urban regions have experienced a transformation from a compact monocentric toward a less compact polycentric urban region since the 1960s. The debate on emerging polycentricity in Europe so far tends to be more theoretical than analytical. The trend toward increasingly polycentric urban regions is meanwhile beyond dispute, but the effects of this transformation on urban regions and their components have only been explored to a limited extent. Are the "old" central cities only losing people, functions, and status to the new urban centers, or do these centers complement each other and specialize in terms of economic activities and population composition? This article presents evidence for the Amsterdam urban region regarding population distribution, selective migration, job growth, and economic specializations of the region's subcenters. It will become clear from our data that the Amsterdam urban region has indeed become more polycentric, but also that Amsterdam has managed to remain a vital center. The newer and older urban subcenters have become increasingly important, but rather than competing with Amsterdam, they develop in a complementary way.     

优化开发区域制造业企业迁移的因素及其区域影响——以广东东莞市为例

优化开发区域是区域发展的较高级阶段,其内部企业迁移的规律比较复杂。选择制造业发达地区——广东东莞市为案例区,采取半结构式访谈法和调查问卷法探讨优化开发区域制造业企业迁移的影响因素及其区域影响。研究表明,现阶段东莞市劳动密集型企业迁出和资本技术密集型企业迁入并存,劳动密集型企业迁出是要素成本、环境管制、区域依赖性和地方政府博弈相互作用的结果,而产业基础、区域创新要素、产业政策和区域软环境等因素促进资本技术密集型企业的迁入;企业迁移可以促进区域产业升级转型,提高区域生产空间质量和优化区域国土空间结构。     

A progressive line simplification algorithm

An application of line simplification considering spatial knowledge is described. A method for identifying potential conflict regions, in order to avoid the self-intersection of generalized, lines, is also discussed. Further-more, a new progressive line simplification algorithm is presented. From the view point of spatial cognition, a spatial hierarchical structure is proposed, and its application to construction of spatial knowledge related to a line is explained.     

Generation and study of satellite gravity over Gujarat,India and their possible correlation with earthquake occurrences

High-resolution satellite gravity data have been generated and utilized to infer subsurface geological structures in the area of devastating earthquake that struck the Bhuj region in Gujarat on 26 January 2001. Latitudinal gravity profiles have been generated in the Bhuj, Anjar and IBF regions across the epicentres (23.5° N, 69.8° E/M_w 7.0 in 2001; 23.2° N, 70° E/M_w 7.0 in 1956; 24.2° N, 69.2° E/M_w 7.8 in 1819). Substantial differences in gravity anomaly patterns as high as 37 mGal could be observed existing near the epicentre regions. These gravitational differences might have caused due to the plate tectonic processes and due to the changes in densities of different lithospheric zones/sedimentary layers. Temporal variations of the satellite-derived gravity and their probable relations with already occurred major earthquakes in this region have been studied. Hence we conclude that drastic changes in gravity anomalies can be considered as a precursor for occurrences of substantially large earthquakes.     

Computerized database on salt affected soils in western and central India using GIS

Salt affected soils occupy significant areas in western and central India manifested by the arid and semiarid climate, sandy/clayey soil texture, absence of natural drainage, and inadequate infrastructure and irrigation development. These soils are productive following reclamation and appropriate management. The National Remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad (India) published state-wise maps of salt affected soils in India on 1:250,000 scale using a legend that includes physiography, soil characteristics, and the aerial extent of the mapping units. In the analogue form, voluminous data contained in such maps were difficult to handle by users of varied backgrounds. An attempt was made to prepare a computerized database of salt affected soils for easy access, retrieval, and manipulation of spatial and attribute data useful for management of salt affected soils. The salt affected soils maps were prepared, for Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra states, overlaying digitized layers of SAS polygons and the Survey of India basemap using the ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System) software. GIS was used to prepare a composite (master) database of western and central India that showed the extent and distribution of salt affected soils. A relational database was prepared combining the digitized polygons with soil characteristics such as nature and degree of salinity (presence of higher concentration of neutral salts and neutral soil reaction), sodicity (presence of higher concentration of basic salts and alkaline reaction) and ground coverage. The regional and zonal databases of salt affected soils were prepared at a suitable scale overlaying agro-climatic regions agro-climatic zones. Spatial relation of salt affected soils with physiography, climate, geology, and agro-eco-sub-regions were evaluated employing map calculations in GIS. Saline soils were prevalent in Gujarat, and Rajasthan while sodic soils were dominant in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. These were distributed primarily in the arid (B) plain of Rajasthan, alluvial (A) and coastal (D) plains of Gujarat, and peninsular plain (F) of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. It occupied 2,596,942 ha (78%) in the western (Rajasthan and Gujarat) and 733,608 ha (22%) in the central (Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra) regions. The SAS occupied 3.3 million ha in the western and central region constituting 50% of the total salt affected soils in India. The saline and sodic soils occupied 2,069,285 ha (62%) and 1,261,266 ha (38%), respectively.     

两次昆明准静止锋的对比分析

利用EAR5再分析气象数据,分析了两次昆明准静止锋天气过程的高低空环流形势、锋面结构、锋面位置、以及相关要素场等基本特征及其异同。结果表明：中高纬度地区阻塞形势的存在是昆明准静止锋形成的背景环流。当冷暖气团均强且势均力敌时,更有利于锋面的维持;冷空气较强时,锋面会向西移动,越过云贵高原地形的阻挡;反之,锋面则会向东移动。当锋面维持在高原地形东侧时,冷空气被地形阻挡时,锋面的移动缓慢,此时锋区最为明显。当锋面维持在地形东侧时,风场的最大水平切变、温度的最大水平梯度和相当位温的密集区,描述的锋面位置几乎相同。两次过程寒潮爆发时冷空气均只能维持到700hPa附近,且水平风场也均为600hPa以下的低空切变,说明昆明准静止锋为浅薄系统。昆明准静止锋与一般冷锋锋后不同,两次个例昆明准静止锋锋后低空为湿区,而锋前水汽是否充足则要看南支槽所处的位置。     

广西云开地区区域成矿模式

通过对广西云开地区区域成矿特点和区域构造演化阶段的讨论,选择区内主要矿床的控矿地质因素、成矿时代、物质来源等特征进行对比,并根据典型矿床成矿模式概括区域成矿模式。指出加里东期、华力西-印支期、燕山期为本区矿床的成矿期,这是对广西云开地区成矿环境的认识进一步深化,以期指导区域矿产评价和找矿部署工作。