芦家沟滑坡的成因机制及稳定性研究

芦家沟滑坡为顺层土质老滑坡。坡体前后缘地形较陡．中部较缓。区内有公路和兰成渝输油管道经由滑坡中前缘通过。一旦滑坡复活,将会危及公路、输油管道及沿河下游村镇居民的生命财产安全。通过稳定性计算,结果表明：芦家沟滑坡在天然或地震情况下,处于基本稳定状态;在暴雨或暴雨 地震的情况下,处于蠕滑变形或欠稳定状态。     

北祁连造山带西段的外来移置体

北祁连造山带西段发育有许多外来移置体,本文论述了其物质组成,构造样式、运动学及动力地征。揭示了研究外来移置体对正确重造山带构造演化的重要意义。     

基于灰色理论的滑坡变形反演与预测研究

以紫阳县城滑坡为例,采用灰色理论的单序列一阶线性动态模型,在探讨滑坡变形规律的基础上,着重研究了滑坡变形的趋势预测及主要特征点变形的位移反演,为全面研究滑坡各阶段的变形规律提出了一种分析方法     

重庆钢铁公司岸坡古滑坡系统形成机制研究

系统分析了重庆钢铁公司岸坡古滑坡系统的地质条件,提出了从新构造运动、河谷演变着手,依据系统发展的观点,研究滑坡系统形成机制的方法。分析结果表明该古滑坡系统由多级滑坡体组成,各滑体在时空上具有成生联系,目前滑坡系统除三角地带古滑体需整治外,其余地段均处于稳定状态。     

Determination of efficiency of Vaseline slide and Wilson and Cooke sediment traps by wind tunnel experiments

The trap efficiency of a catcher in wind erosion measurements plays a significant role, and in many cases suspension trap efficiencies at high wind velocities are still unknown. The sediment trap efficiency generally changes with particles size and with wind speed. In this study, the efficiency of Vaseline Slide (VS) and Modified Wilson and Cooke (MWAC) catchers were determined with different sand particle sizes (<50, <75, 50–75, 200–400, and 400–500 μm) at a fixed wind speed (13.3 ms⁻¹) and with different soil textures at different wind velocities (10.3, 12.3, and 14.3 ms⁻¹) in the wind tunnel of the International Center for Eremology (ICE), Ghent University, Belgium. The traps were placed at different heights (4, 6.5, 13, 20, 120, and 192 cm for VS and 1.5, 3, 5, 8, 11, and 30 cm for MWAC) to catch saltating and suspended sediments in a 12-m long, 1.2-m wide and 3.2-m high working section of the wind tunnel. In the sand particle experiments, the efficiency of the VS catcher was 92% for particles smaller than 50 μm and decreased with increasing particles size, falling to 2.2% for 400–500 μm particle size at 13.4 ms⁻¹. However, the MWAC’s efficiency was 0% for particles smaller than 50 μm and increased with increasing particle size to 69.5% at 400–500 μm. In the experiments with different soil textures, the efficiency of each catcher significantly changed with soil and with wind speed. It also considerably varied with the catchers: for instance, for sand (S), the MWAC efficiency was very high (67.4, 113.4, and 90.5% at 10.3, 12.3, and 14.4 ms⁻¹, respectively) while the efficiency of VS was relatively very low (5.2, 4.4, and 1.9% at 10.3, 12.3, and 14.4 ms⁻¹, respectively). Results indicated that the efficiency depends critically on the particle size, type of catcher, and wind speed, and these could be helpful to increase the robustness of wind erosion measurements.     

The 1979 Abbotsford Landslide, Dunedin, New Zealand: a retrospective look at its nature and causes

The Abbotsford Landslide of 8 August 1979 occurred in an urban area of Dunedin, New Zealand, causing much damage to houses and urban infrastructure. Rapid failure occurred after weeks of preliminary movements, resulting in the formation of a approximately 5 million m³ block slide. It caused the loss of 69 houses, with an overall cost of about NZ $10–13 million. After several months of investigations, a commission of inquiry found that unfavorable geology (weak clay layers in a 7°-dip slope) was the underlying cause of the landslide. An old sand quarry at the toe of the slope and a leaking water main above the slide area were found to be man-made factors that contributed to the failure. Slope stability analysis showed that after sand excavation (approximately 300,000 m³), the water table had to rise 0.3 m less for failure to occur. Because the quarry closed 10 years before the landslide occurred, it is concluded that a long-term rise in groundwater levels because of the increased rainfall over the previous decade and leakage from the water main controlled the timing of the failure and, in this sense, are considered to have triggered the landslide.     

扬子板块与华南板块对接带萍乡区段构造特征

扬子板块与华南板块对接带由江西中部通过,其中萍乡地区自燕山运动末期以来,在北部以逆冲推覆作用为主,形成了大规模的逆冲推覆构造,南部在重力滑脱作用下,形成变质-岩浆热穹隆和一系列滑褶构造带及滑块构造,中部则形成相互叠覆的南、北构造对接带。在这些推、滑覆体之下多处掩覆了含煤岩系,这为寻找隐伏煤田开辟了一个新天地,同时,南、北构造对接带也是钴多金属矿有利的成矿区段。      

加拿大COSTA计划简介

加拿大COSTA(Continental Slope Stabmty)计划是加拿大首次开展的海底滑坡运动综合研究项目。加拿大学者通过参加欧洲cOsTA计划,与欧洲学者建立了稳定的学术交流和资料与信息共享联系,学习和引进欧洲先进的调查方法、手段和技术,提高加拿大海底滑坡研究水平。同时,还将研究成果应用于欧洲地区的海底斜坡稳定性分析,以检验研究结果的实用性。该计划为期4a,统计海底滑坡事件的清单,调查和研究滑坡体的特征、触发机制、滑坡距离、范围和破坏结果等,建立一套三维滑坡风险评价方法。介绍了加拿大COSTA计划的总体研究思路和技术路线,为我国开展海底斜坡稳定性研究提供新思路。     

西安灞河左库滑坡发育的阶段性及形成主因的历史转化

根据西安灞河左岸滑坡的基本特点、空间展布规律以及与后期沉积物之间的接触关系，本文分析论证了该区滑坡发育的阶段性特征及各阶段滑坡形成的主要原因与营力因素的历史转化性问题。