延边小西南岔富金铜矿田燕山晚期花岗杂岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

首次对延边小西南岔富金铜矿床矿田内产出的燕山晚期花岗杂岩进行了系统的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄测定,获得中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩、中细粒黑云母花岗闪长岩和似斑状角闪花岗闪长岩的3组锆石谐和年龄数据,分别为98.4~109.0Ma〔加权平均值为(104.6±2.5)Ma,n=10,MSWD=0.71,置信度0.70〕、98.3~108.3Ma〔加权平均值为(106.7±1.6)Ma,n=12〕和104.4~118.8Ma〔加权平均值为(111.7±2.8)Ma,n=12〕,指示它们的岩浆侵位时限在112~104Ma之间,相对侵位时序为似斑状角闪花岗闪长岩、中细粒黑云母花岗闪长岩到中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩;考虑到它们在成矿元素和地质上与矿化的密切程度以及控(容)矿断裂的张扭性特征,进而确定大规模的金铜矿化应发生在似斑状角闪花岗闪长岩、中细粒黑云母花岗闪长岩、中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩形成之后,闪长玢岩之前,或在104.6~102.1Ma之间,成矿环境应处于早白垩世晚期伊泽奈崎板块向古亚洲大陆边缘俯冲消亡、中国东部大陆边缘燕山造山期末的走滑、伸展构造转换过程。     

赣东北中—新生代超基性岩与金刚石找矿前景

赣东北地区发现有中－新生代超基性岩。超基性岩侵入白垩系红色盆地中,主要有玻基辉橄岩、角砾状玻基辉橄岩等。角砾状玻基辉橄岩呈岩筒状。岩石化学分析结果显示,该处超基性岩中,SiO2含量为38．19％－44．28％,K2O＋Na2O含量为2．01％－2．93％,MgO含量为7．67％－11．10％,CaO含量为8．25％－12．67％,Al2O3含量为11．94－14．51％,与曲型的玻基辉橄岩岩石化学成分相近。赣东北地区中－新生代超基性岩的发现,为重新分析评价赣东北地区金刚石找矿前景提供了重要的信息。     

智慧城市建设中的数字孪生与元宇宙探讨

随着城市管理和空间大数据、5G、人工智能等新型技术的深入结合,新型智慧城市相关的应用成为地理信息行业领域与社会重点关注的对象。本文主要介绍了智慧城市的背景与概念、理论与技术,阐述了数字城市、智慧城市及数字孪生城市三者的关系,总结了数字孪生城市现状及趋势,并探讨了元宇宙时代的智慧城市。智慧城市的萌芽期依靠空间信息技术、数据库技术、虚拟现实技术及计算机网络技术等构建数字城市,发展期在数字城市基础上融合人工智能技术、物联网技术、云技术及时空大数据技术等建设新型智慧城市,建设期结合新型智慧城市相关技术和实景三维技术等实现数字孪生。展望了跨时代的元宇宙智慧城市,或许会在数字孪生的基础上融合增强现实、扩展现实、脑机接口与体感设备等技术或设备,实现人类生活在两栖世界的美好憧憬。     

洮南西部胡力吐—牛栏山一带成矿规律及找矿方向探讨

洮南西部地区地质工作程度较高,目前所发现的矿产以铜、铅锌为主,矿床规模均较小。本文通过对以往地质资料的分析和再认识,对该区的成矿规律和找矿方向进行了初步探讨,期望能对以后的地质找矿工作提供有益的帮助。     

Distribution characteristics,exploration and development,geological theories research progress and exploration directions of shale gas in China

The shale gas resources in China have great potential and the geological resources of shale gas is over 100×10¹²m³,which includes about 20×10¹²m³ of recoverable resources.Organic-rich shales can be divided into three types according to their sedimentary environments,namely marine,marine-continental transitional,and continental shales,which are distributed in 13 stratigraphic systems from the Mesoproterozoic to the Cenozoic.The Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas have the highest geological resources of shale gas,and the commercial development of shale gas has been achieved in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in these areas,with a shale gas production of up to 20×10⁹m³ in 2020.China has seen rapid shale gas exploration and development over the last five years,successively achieving breakthroughs and important findings in many areas and strata.The details are as follows.(1)Large-scale development of middle-shallow shale gas(burial depth:less than 3500 m)has been realized,with the productivity having rapidly increased;(2)breakthroughs have been constantly made in the development of deep shale gas(burial depth:3500-4500 m),and the ultradeep shale gas(burial depth:greater than 4500 m)is under testing;(3)breakthroughs have been made in the development of normal-pressure shale gas,and the assessment of the shale gas in complex tectonic areas is being accelerated;(4)shale gas has been frequently discovered in new areas and new strata,exhibiting a great prospect.Based on the exploration and development practice,three aspects of consensus have been gradually reached on the research progress in the geological theories of shale gas achieved in China.(1)in terms of deep-water fine-grained sediments,organic-rich shales are the base for the formation of shale gas;(2)in terms of high-quality reservoirs,the development of micro-nano organic matter-hosted pores serves as the core of shale gas accumulation;(3)in terms of preservation conditions,weak structural transformation,a moderate degree of thermal evolution,and a high pressure coefficient are the key to shale gas enrichment.As a type of important low-carbon fossil energy,shale gas will play an increasingly important role in achieving the strategic goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.Based on the in-depth study of shale gas geological conditions and current exploration progress,three important directions for shale gas exploration in China in the next five years are put forward.     

青海天峻南山蛇绿岩的地质特征及其形成环境

青海天峻南山蛇绿岩为本次1:5万区调中首次发现。从其地质特征、岩石化学及地球化学特征反映出陆内裂谷扩张的早石炭世小洋盆构造环境。它的发现对于重新认识宗务隆造山带的地质属性、地球动力学机制,与祁连造山带、柴达木地块的构造关系以及研究古特提斯洋演化提供了新的依据。     

河北迁安铁矿带南部尖晶石橄榄大理岩的特征及成因探讨

本文讨论的尖晶石橄榄大理岩产于迁安太古代变质铁矿带南区黄柏峪—脑峪门一带。岩体受古断裂构造控制,没有一定层位。其全岩成分、微量元素、稀土模式、矿物学特征及碳、氧同位素资料均表现了岩浆碳酸岩特征,与沉积成因的碳酸盐岩相差甚远。据此认为,该尖晶石橄榄大理岩是区内最早的一次岩浆活动的产物。     

新时代城市地质工作战略思考

中国共产党“十九大”提出了满足人民美好生活、人与自然和谐共生的目标,而现有城市地质工作体系不论从理论技术还是理念上,都难以满足服务“绿色、低碳、循环、安全、集约、智慧”城市发展需求,需要建立适应城市发展要求的新时代城市地质工作体系。我国现有城市地质工作经历了2003年以前单要素调查、2003以来多专业综合地质调查两个阶段,虽然在一定程度上服务了城市建设,但尚不能满足新时代城市国土空间立体可持续开发的需要。本文在全面分析国内外城市地质工作现状和存在问题的基础上,对新时代城市地质工作进行战略思考,提出建立以地球系统理论为指导,以多场扰动再平衡、全空间资源与环境评价以及空间资源协同规划等理论为基础的城市地质学理论体系;建立包括1项调查、3项评价、1套监测系统、1套信息系统的“1311”城市地质工作体系;提出新时代城市地质工作新机制。     

锡田印支-燕山期复式花岗质岩浆-热液活动时限和物质来源

锡田钨锡多金属矿田位于湘赣两省交界,南岭成矿带的北部。锡田花岗岩体是一个复式岩体。本文利用LA-MC-ICP MS技术对8个样品的锆石进行了原位微区U-Pb定年和Lu-Hf同位素测试,结果显示其中有4个为印支期(226~225Ma)、另外4个为燕山期(166~158Ma)。印支期花岗岩锆石的εHf(t)值为-4.6~-10.8,两阶段模式年龄TDM2值为2011~1534Ma,根据是否呈正态分布可分为7组;燕山期花岗岩锆石的εHf(t)值为-4.3~-10,TDM2值为1896~1429Ma,可分为5组。相似的Hf同位素组成表明两期花岗岩具有同源性,均源自古元古代晚期至中元古代早期地壳物质的部分熔融。而εHf(t)值变化范围较大且分成很多组可能更主要受控于源区Hf同位素的不均一性。此外,本文利用40 Ar-39 Ar定年方法测得花岗岩顶部石英脉和云英岩中4个白(金)云母的年龄为150~148Ma,这期与成矿有关的热液作用应该与最晚一期岩浆活动有关。通过本次获得的定年数据和对已有的成岩成矿定年数据的总结,本文认为锡田岩体可以分为三个期次,印支期(226~225Ma),燕山期第一阶段(166~158Ma)和燕山期第二阶段(151~141Ma)。     

The Yanshanian Granites and Associated Mo-Polymetallic Mineralization in the Xiangcheng-Luoji Area of the Sanjiang-Yangtze Conjunction Zone in Southwest China

The Xiangcheng-Luoji area is located in the conjunction of the southern part of the "Sanjiang" mineralization belt and the west margin of Yangtze craton. The geological studies were carried out to know the Indosinian large porphyry Cu polymetallic deposits. Recent studies revealed that the area existed in the superposition of Late Yanshanian acidic intrusive rock belt and developed Mo-Cu polymetallic mineralization where promising exploration results have been achieved. Through the systematic study of geochronology, formation age of the Renlin Mo-minieralization monzogranite is 81.7±1.1 Ma. Re-Os dating results concentrate on 82.34±1.2–88.27±1.23 Ma for the model ages of molbdenite of Tongchanggou Mo deposits, average age is 85 ± 2 Ma where seven data points constitute a good isochron which shows that they were the same period products of mineralization. Geochemical features shown that the rocks have a high content of SiO 2(66.59–77.36wt%), alkaline-rich(K2O=2.68–6.08wt%; Na2O=0.50–4.91wt%; K2O/Na2 O ratios are 0.71–5.56, where average ratio of 1.89) and have aluminum–rich features(Al2O3 10.38–15.15wt%) with σ values less than 3.3. Which indicate that they belong to the high-K calc-alkali to shoshonite series. Geochemistry of Yanshanian intrusions shows that rocks are enrich in LREE with obvious negative δEu anomalies, enrichment of trace elements like, LILE elements(Rb, Th, Ba) with a relative loss of Ba, and loss of high field strength elements(Nb, Ta, P, Ti) and HREE elements. The granite genetic classification diagram shows that the granites belong to A-type granite and formatted in syn-collision tectonic environment. Meanwhile, the Yanshanian granites also inherited the characteristics of island arc environment which formed in the process of crustal melting caused by upwelling of asthenospheric substances in the extensional tectonic background. The process of partial melting existed substances from the deep(lower crust or upper mantle) which have been added. In the Xiangcheng-Luoji area, monzogranite and granodiorite porphyry bodies are widely developed Mo polymetallic mineralization, the deep porphyry mineralization have great potential for geological prospecting.