安徽沿江成矿带主要控制因素的探讨

安徽沿江成矿带是长江中下游铁、铜、硫、金成矿带的重要组成部分。本文依据新的地质、地 球物理和地球化学等资料对安徽沿江地区的深部地质背景、基底地质、构造、岩浆岩及矽卡岩等主要控 矿因素进行了探讨,取得了一些新的进展和新认识。     

论上海与长江三角洲地区市场体系的互动与协调发展

上海与长江三角洲地区历史上就形成了紧密地地缘经济关系,上海依靠市场的力量,对这一地区发挥着重要的地缘经济整合功能。随着浦东的开发开放,实现上海与长江三角洲地区经济一体化的要求更加迫切。尽管目前整个稀薄工三角洲地区的市场体系发育已相对寒带,但仍角要推动上海与长江三角洲地区更深层次的互动和协调发展。     

长江经济带东中西部地区经济发展不平衡的现状,问题及对策研究

本文通过对长江沿江经济带东、中、西部地区经济发展不平衡的现状、形成原因及未来发展趋势的详细分析,深入探讨了长江沿江经济带东、中、西部地区经济发展不平衡性所带来的问题,并在些基础上,应用Ｇ．迈尔的回程效果理论,提出了改善和最终解决上述问题的对策性意见。     

Channel characteristics and formation mechanism of Ganjiang River

1 General Situation of the Drainage BasinGanjiang as one of the eight major tributaries of Yangtze River, runs through the entire Jiangxi Province and holds a very important position. It consists of 46 counties and cities, representing 54% of the province total land area and 55.4% of its total population. The output value of industry and agriculture accounts for 58.3%. Different calculation results exist concerning both the length and drainage area of Ganjiang River. According to Dictiona…     

芜湖长江大桥地质综合勘探模式研究

针对芜湖长江大桥选址过程中存在的主要工程地质问题(包括软弱地基、隐伏断层、区域稳定性), 综合运用3S (GPS、GIS和RS)、地面测绘、物探和原位测试等勘探技术有效地解决了这些问题.研究表明, 综合勘探模式比传统的勘探方法更灵活、更精确, 提供的资料更符合实际, 在特大桥工程地质勘探中推广和应用这种综合勘探模式, 能促进勘探工作的规范化、数字化和自动化, 降低工程成本, 大大缩短建设投资的回报周期.      

长江三角洲地区可持续发展的态势与对策

长江三角洲自20世纪90年代以来经济发展非常迅速, 在全国的地位不断上升, 且其产业结构也在逐步改善。外商投资在该区异常活跃, 投资规模越来越大, 2003年实际利用外资占全国的比例已达45.55%。该地区还是我国区域经济合作发展实施进程较快、力度较大、政府重视程度较高的地区。但长江三角洲在发展中仍存在不少问题, 如引进外资的整体层次不高、耕地流失严重且建设用地的集约化程度较低、能源缺口较大、交通运输紧张及生态环境恶化等。长江三角洲地区目前虽然出现了这些问题, 但不能由此而限制它的发展, 要充分利用长江三角洲有利的区位优势, 走可持续发展道路, 在发展中解决问题。具体应该做到要切实明确长江三角洲在全国区域经济分工中的地位, 在提高产业发展层次的同时, 不可放松对劳动密集型产业的发展, 并以科学发展观为指导, 加强土地资源和能源的管理, 加速环境保护和生态修复工作的进程。     

复杂地形对长江流域太阳总辐射的影响(英文)

Global solar radiation(GSR) is the most direct source and form of global energy, and calculation of its quantity is highly complex due to influences of local topography and terrain inter-shielding. Digital elevation model(DEM) data as a representation of the complex terrain and multiplicity condition produces a series of topographic factors(e.g. slope, aspect, etc.). Based on 1 km resolution DEM data, meteorological observations and NOAA-AVHRR remote sensing data, a distributed model for the calculation of GSR over rugged terrain within the Yangtze River Basin has been developed. The overarching model permits calculation of astronomical solar radiation for rugged topography and comprises a distributed direct solar radiation model, a distributed diffuse radiation model and a distributed terrain reflectance radiation model. Using the developed model, a quantitative simulation of the GSR space distribution and visualization has been undertaken, with results subsequently analyzed with respect to locality and terrain. Analyses suggest that GSR magnitude is seasonally affected, while the degree of influence was found to increase in concurrence with increasing altitude. Moreover, GSR magnitude exhibited clear spatial variation with respect to the dominant local aspect; GSR values associated with the sunny southern slopes were significantly greater than those associated with shaded slopes. Error analysis indicates a mean absolute error of 12.983 MJm-2 and a mean relative error of 3.608%, while the results based on a site authentication procedure display an absolute error of 22.621 MJm-2 and a relative error of 4.626%.     

Hydrodynamic evolutions at the Yangtze Estuary from 1998 to 2009

Over the past decade, the Yangtze Estuary has witnessed an unprecedented scale of human interventions and modifications through extensively varied resource utilizations. During the processes, mankind has obtained various resources and benefits via the “golden waterway”, such as navigation channel, harbor, shipping industry, shoreline, reclaimed land, freshwater and fishery resource. At the same time, the estuary and coast have also experienced a series of gradual changes in characteristics, such as sedimentation, erosion, sand hungry, water pollution, intertidal area loss, self-purification capacity decrease, and biological reduction. With the help of measurement data and numerical modeling, this study analyzed the response and feedback mechanisms between hydrodynamic evolutions and morphological processes in the Yangtze Estuary from 1998 to 2009. The results of this study indicate the following. (i) The water level along the main outlet of the Yangtze Estuary increased from 1998 to 2009. This increase was induced by the variation of the whole river regime (including natural geomorphodynamic process and local topography feedbacks from extreme metrological events and human activities). (ii) The decrease of the flow partition ratio at the 3rd bifurcation is directly induced by the Deepwater Navigational Channel (DNC) project and the corresponding morphological changes in the North Passage. (iii) The estuarine environmental gradients (salinity and suspended sediment concentration) were compressed, and the fresh-salt gradient became steeper. This has the indirect effect of backfilling in the waterway, i.e., strengthening the stratification effect near the ETM area and enhancing the tendency of up-estuary sediment transport. The results of this study give insights into explaining other phenomena such as deposition in the middle reach of the DNC, bathymetry evolutions, variations in vertical velocity and sediment concentration profiles, waterway backfilling and delta reclamation.     

长江口区域瞬时潮位修复方法研究

针对验潮站潮位缺失情况,提出了根据最小二乘法求解相邻潮位站间潮位序列的相关性系数,对缺失潮位进行修复,并在长江口区域进行试验,验证了方法的正确性和可行性,对实际生产具有借鉴意义。     

A New Precipitation Index for the Spatiotemporal Distribution of Drought and Flooding in the Reaches of the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers and Related Characteristics of Atmospheric Circulation

Characteristics of the spatiotemporal distributions of precipitation anomalies in the reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River (YHR) were studied using EOF method. Four main precipitation pat-terns for the YHR in summer identified by the first two modes: a region-wide flood over the entire YHR (RWF); a region-wide drought over the entire YHR (RWD); a flood in the south with a drought in the northern region of the Yangtze River (FS-DN); and a drought in the south with a flood in the northern region of the Yangtze River (DS-FN). Based on the first two modes and the actual precipitation departure percentage, a new precipitation index is defined in this paper. The typical flood/drought years associated with the various rainfall patterns defined by this precipitation index are more representative and closer to reality compared to some existing precipitation indexes which just use the area-mean precipitation or the EOF time components individually. The characteristics of atmospheric circulation in summer corresponding to the four main precipitation patterns over the YHR in summer show the features of atmospheric circulation differ in different precipitation pattern years. Although the different patterns share a common main influential circulation system, such as the blocking high over northeastern Asia, the low trough of westerly flows in the mid latitudes, the West Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH), and the high ridge over the Tibet Plateau, the difference in location and intensity of these systems can lead to different distributions of precipitation anomalies.