浅谈自力式三叉形高效排气帽的原理特性及应用

本文重点介绍新型专利，自力式三叉形高效排气帽的设计原理，结构特性以及空气动力性能检测结果．和旧式风帽相比，此产品的突出优点，不但能保障在任何风向和风力的情况下，都不发生风雨倒灌现象，而且还利用了室外风力，形成排风主管的抽力（即产生负静压），变不利因素为有利因素。另外此产品的阻力较小，阻力系数仅为0．83．     

新疆喀拉通克铜镍硫化物矿床Y9岩体年代学与成岩成矿机制探讨

新疆喀拉通克是中国大型铜镍硫化物矿床中基性程度最低的,显示出罕见的Cu平均品位大于Ni平均品位。矿区划分为南、北2个岩带,南岩带主要为原生矿,北岩带主要为氧化矿。文章研究对象为北岩带中的Y9岩体,近年发现其下部存在原生矿石。通过单颗粒锆石SHRIMP测年,获得Y9岩体中辉长岩的结晶年龄为(287±4)Ma,与Y1岩体的成岩年龄〔(287±5)Ma〕一致,结合岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学特征,证明喀拉通克矿区南、北岩带具有同期同源岩浆演化的特征,岩浆源自亏损型地幔部分熔融与不含沉积物消减板片脱水物质的混合。研究认为喀拉通克铜镍矿床形成于亏损地幔在相对较高的氧逸度条件下低程度部分熔融,产生硫化物不饱和的岩浆,岩浆源区相对富水和较高的氧逸度,原始岩浆具有较高的钛含量,具有富碱亲合性。     

伊朗Y油田水平井钻井技术

伊朗Y油田水平井面临着地质岩性多变、地质靶区不确定、裸眼井段长、井眼摩阻大、长水平段井眼轨迹控制困难等一系列钻井技术难点。结合Y油田一期水平井钻井实践,详细总结、形成了包括井身结构优化、螺杆钻具类型及其稳定器外径优选、钻头选型、侧钻钻具组合优选、水平井段优快钻井、KCl聚磺钻井液在内的6项水平井钻井技术。该技术在YS9井得到成功应用,定向段和水平段施工比设计提前12.4 d。Y油田水平井优快钻井技术的应用,能够提高钻井成功率,缩短水平井的建井周期,降低钻井成本,对Y油田后续的水平井施工起到一定的指导和借鉴作用。     

盘南刘家田井田逆冲推覆构造特征

刘家田井田总体构造特征为逆冲推覆构造,主要分为F2断层下盘基底构造单元和上盘推覆体构造单元。推覆体构造单元断层主要发育在推覆体前缘和西部软弱岩组一带,并伴有褶皱现象。基底单元东部断层较发育,构造相对简单;西部由于受推覆构造运动的影响,断层较发育,与F4断层呈"y"形组合特征,破坏了煤层的连续性,对煤层赋存产生较大影响。加强刘家田井田构造特征及控煤作用分析,对该井田深部及盘县逆冲断裂带附近找煤具有重要意义。     

金沙江下游及三峡段水文气象因子演变与响应的分析

对金沙江下游及三峡段3个水文站1954~2008年径流序列和2个气象站1951~2008年降雨、气温序列运用滑动平均法和Mann-Kendall法进行趋势性检验,利用有序聚类法、均值检验法分析突变性及小波分析法进行周期性诊断,并应用Pearson法对径流、降雨和气温的相关关系进行研究。研究表明:(1)研究区径流量的年内分配不均匀性和年际变化不显著。(2)金沙江下游段屏山站的径流量呈上升趋势,并在1997年发生突变,但该区域宜宾站的降雨量呈下降趋势并在1991年发生突变;三峡段寸滩站和宜昌站的径流量呈下降趋势,分别在1968年和2005年发生突变,同时该区域沙坪坝站的降雨量呈上升趋势并在1961年和1995年发生突变。(3)径流和降雨时间序列都存在小于10a的主周期以及20a以上的次周期。(4)各水文站夏季径流量受同期降雨量和同期气温的共同影响,而秋季径流量受前期气温的影响最大。     

Mo-related Adakitic Granitoids from Non-island-arc Setting: Jecheon Pluton of South Korea

Abstract. The Jecheon granitoids, having an elongated shape of NE-SW 27 km and NW-SE 13 km (190 km²), are composed mostly of magnetite-series hornblende-biotite granodiorite and biotite granite, which intrude into the Neoproterozoic metamor-phic and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the Ogcheon Belt. The granitoids have Triassic-Jurassic age of 202.7 ±1.9 Ma with very high ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr initial ratio of 0.7140. The granodiorite has 63–69 % SiO₂, 15.1–17.3 % Al₂O₃, <1.6 % MgO, 6–15 ppm Y and Sr/Y ratios of 24–76, and is depleted in HREE. Biotite granite together, the Jecheon pluton has adakitic characteristics, which are unique in a continental tectonic setting. The granitoids may have been generated by partial melting of an older adakitic granitoid of I-type basement, or by separation of early crystallized garnet and hornblende from an anatectic melt.     

甘肃红石山地区印支期花岗岩地球化学特征及成因讨论

红石山地区印支期花岗岩位于甘肃北山地区的红石山蛇绿混杂岩带中,由马鞍山北岩体、小草湖岩体和红石山岩体组成,岩性主要为英云闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩,含角闪质和镁铁质暗色深源包体。同位素年龄为237.8-240 M a,是中三叠世侵位的。通过对其岩石化学、稀土和微量元素的研究表明,红石山地区印支期中酸性侵入岩大体可划分为两类：一类为高S r低Y型岩体（马鞍山岩体）,具有埃达克质岩的地球化学特征,推测可能是加厚的下地壳部分熔融形成的,其残留相为榴辉岩或角闪榴辉岩;另一类为低S r低Y型岩体（小草湖岩体和红石山岩体）,以较低的S r、A l和具明显的负铕异常而区别于埃达克质岩,又因其低Y和HREE而类似于埃达克质岩,推测源岩残留相中有斜长石存在,相当于高压麻粒岩相环境,可能也形成于加厚下地壳底部。     

What happens after climate change adaptation projects end: A community-based approach to ex-post assessment of adaptation projects

Over the last decade, hundreds of climate change adaptation projects have been funded and implemented. Despite the importance of these first-generation adaptation projects for establishing funders and implementors’ “best practices,” very little is known about how early adaptation projects have endured, to what ends, and for whom. In this article, I propose a community-based methodology for ex-post assessment of climate change adaptation projects. This methodology contributes to recognitional justice by asking the individuals and collectives tasked with sustaining adaptation initiatives to define adaptation success and what criteria for success should be assessed. I apply this subjective assessment approach in 10 communities across Ecuador that participated in an internationally funded adaptation project that concluded in 2015. My analysis draws together participatory mapping, walking interviews with local leaders, participant observation, and surveys with former project participants. The results highlight that even adaptation projects that were deemed highly successful at their closure have uncertain futures. I find that the sustainability mechanisms that were envisioned by project implementors have not functioned, and communities are shouldering the burden of reviving failing adaptation interventions. These findings highlight that the current model of episodic funding for climate change adaptation projects and evaluation processes needs to be revisited to acknowledge the long-term challenges faced by communities. This analysis also calls attention to the importance of ex-post assessment for adaptation projects and the potential of subjective assessment approaches for building more ontological and epistemological pluralism in understandings of successful climate change adaptation.     

The recent capture of the periodic comet P/Scotti (2000 Y3)

Numerical integrations of 99 orbits centered on that of comet P/Scotti (P/2000 Y3), and of the nominal orbit, were made 4000 days backwards in time, and 73000 days into the future. The integrations show that this comet has been transferred into its present orbit as recently as 1998. The future orbital evolution indicates a stable period for almost 150 years, when another close encounter with Jupiter may lead to further drastic changes of the present orbit.