徐家河水库近太湖新银鱼(Neosalanx pseudotaihuensis Zhang)的性腺发育与产卵类型

利用斜生栅藻对山东禹城地区碳酸盐水型瘦水与肥水两种水体进行生物改良后,引种短钝蚤作室内培养试验,研究结果表明,短钝蚤在有适宜种类微藻作开始环境的先驱生物存在条件下,可以耐受碳酸盐型水质,并能成功地生长繁殖,本文还对３种培养液及两种培养模式下种群增长的动态规律作了初步的探讨。     

A New Diverse Macrofossil Lagerst?tte from the Uppermost Ediacaran of Southwestern China

A new macrofossil Lagerstatte was discovered from the uppermost Ediacaran Jiucheng Member at Jinning and Jiangchuan of the eastern Yunnan, yielding numerous diverse well-preserved thallophyte macrofossils. These include the previously-known representatives of vendobionts, Vendotaenia and Tyrasotaenia, and the biggish multicellular benthos such as Chuaria-like and Tawuia- like fossiis, as well as Longfengshaniaceaens with diverse holdfast structures. There are still some other problematic macrofossils with peculiar configurations as well as uncertain relatives. The distinct dominance of the giant, unbranching thallophytes occasionally with holdfast structures distinguishes this assemblage from the other Ediacaran macrofossil Lagerstattes in the Doushantuo Formation at Miaohe, Wenghui and Lantian, and the contemporary assemblage in the Shibantan Member of Dengying Formation, Yangtze Gorges area. This paper outlines the characteristics of some of the multicellular macrofossils from the Jiucheng Member at Jiangchuan. They include some macrofossils with different types of holdfast structure, larger Chuaria-like and Tawuia-like morphology and questionable affinities as well. The discovery of greater diverse macrofossil assemblages from the Jiucheng Member of eastern Yunnan has further indicated that an important diversification and evolutionary radiation of metaphytes took place in the latest Ediacaran time. This radiation of largescale, benthic metaphyte along with phytoplankton was likely important contributors to the early Cambrian explosion of metazoans.     

南华系“渫水河组”的对比及其冰川沉积特征的探讨

在著名的湖南省石门县杨家坪剖面,围绕"渫水河组"的地层对比问题长期存在争论,有对比于宜昌峡区莲沱组的,有对比于本省板溪群的,也有对比于广西北部富禄组的。最近获得的年龄数据似乎确认了它对比于莲沱组的方案,但是当莲沱组年龄在原始数据基础上采用先进方法重新进行计算所得的年龄,却和广西三门街组刚发表的年龄值十分相似,于是"渫水河组"的地层位置又出现了新的问题。在目前已经看不到的一些重要冰川沉积构造的基础上,论证它应该是江口冰期的地层,并确认它与富禄组的对比。它实际上应对比于黔东北的"两界河组"。"两界河组"和"铁丝坳组"或"古城组"合起来相当于富禄组。根据地层命名规则,应该取消"渫水河组",而代之以两界河段,成为富禄组下部的一个次一级地层单位。     

河南泌阳凹陷老第三系核桃园组核二段沉积体系研究

核二段沉积时期泌阳凹陷总体处于从断陷向坳陷转换的过渡阶段。本文利用测井、钻井和C、O同位素等资料，研究了核二段各砂组沉积时期的沉积环境、相带分布、砂体展布以及沉积演化规律。核二段时期，泌阳凹陷发育5种沉积体系类型：辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲、正常三角洲、近岸水下扇和盐湖沉积体系。物源供给条件和古地形严格控制了泌阳凹陷各种沉积体系的发育。在陡坡带的中、西部地区发育扇三角洲沉积体系，而在陡坡带东部则发育近岸水下扇沉积体系；在东北部缓坡带发育辫状河三角洲，而在西北部缓坡带则发育正常曲流河三角洲。借用C、O同位素数据估算核二段沉积时期平均古水温为28.17 ℃，最高46.8 ℃；环境指标Z值平均为126.84，表明核二段整套地层都为盐湖咸水沉积条件。从纵向上δ¹³C、δ¹⁸O及Z、t演化看，核二段地层演化表现为两个旋回：从三砂组底到二砂组底部为第一次湖水变咸、湖盆收缩，从二砂组底部到核二段顶为第二次湖水变咸、湖盆收缩。     

渤海湾盆地东营凹陷牛庄洼陷岩性油气藏平面富集主控因素

随着油气勘探程度的加深,岩性油气藏的重要性日益显现,而查明油气富集规律是岩性油气藏勘探的关键。渤海湾盆地东营凹陷牛庄洼陷沙三中亚段发育大量岩性油气藏,文章以此为研究目标,着重分析其平面上油气分布的主要控制因素。研究结果表明,牛庄洼陷岩性油气藏的分布受控于洼陷内流体性质、断层作用和沉积相展布3种地质因素。它们对洼陷区岩性油气藏富集规律的影响分别在于：洼陷内流体运聚单元控制着油气在平面上的富集区,牛庄洼陷南北两侧汇聚流发育区是油气聚集的有利地带,而洼陷北部平行流和东西两侧发散流发育区不利于油气成藏;同生断层泵吸作用使得油气在牛庄洼陷平行流和发散流发育区可形成局部汇聚流,从而聚集成藏,断层的侧向遮挡作用则使得牛庄洼陷生成的油气多富集在靠近边界断层的洼陷内侧;物性较好的浊积水道微相最有利于油气的富集,朵叶体和水道间次之,外缘最差。     

鲁北济阳坳陷东营凹陷南坡沙河街组第四段上亚段高分辨率层序地层格架

应用高分辨率层序地层学与沉积学等理论,通过对地震、录井、测井资料的分析,对鲁北东营凹陷南坡沙河街组第四段上亚段进行了高分辨率层序地层学的划分与对比,总结出各层序地层单元及其界面在录井和地震资料中的判识标志,把研究区基准面旋回划分为短期、中期和长期3个级别的旋回层序。整个沙河街组第四段上亚段由一个长期基准面旋回组成,并划分出5个中期基准面旋回,首次建立了研究区内该亚段高分辨率层序地层格架,有利于东营凹陷南坡该亚段沉积微相和储层结构描述等精细地质研究的进一步开展。     

Patterns of rare earth and other trace elements in Paleogene and Miocene clayey sediments from the Mondego platform (Central Portugal)

In the present study the origin of clay deposits occurring in an inland platform, in central Portugal, was investigated by their mineralogical and chemical composition. The clay deposits, exploited for ceramic industry are composed of silt-clay facies, the Monteira Member and the Arroça Member, which are assigned to the Coja Formation (Paleogene) and the Campelo Formation (Miocene), respectively. These clayey facies show almost compositional homogeneity, especially concerning texture. The mineralogical composition of the Monteira Member displays slightly higher content in smectite and interstratified clay minerals, which is supported by the chemical composition of samples analyzed. Both members present similar REE patterns, displaying an intense weathering record and little variation in the source area composition. Minor element geochemistry suggests low content in heavy minerals and transition metals. REE patterns and ratios of geochemical parameters support the dominant metasedimentary provenance, with a granite source contribution and also mature recycled sediments of continental origin. The study results’ suggest that the clays of these two members have the same source in terms of lithology and recycled sediments from the Hesperian massif. During the deposition of the Arroça Member, a major remobilization of the Monteira Member is suggested, explaining the geochemical similarity of both facies.     

云南大姚地区上白垩统马头山组六苴段中亚段

上白垩统马头山组六苴段中亚段(K2ml2)是云南六苴砂岩型铜矿区内含铜层位之一。六苴段中亚段含铜砂岩Mo、Cd、As、Cu等亲硫元素富集。微量元素多富集于浅色砂岩中,向紫色砂岩一侧逐渐亏损,呈现分带特征。铜矿石V/(V+Ni)值大于0.7,反映缺氧环境的特点。稀土元素总量(∑REE)101.71×10-6～157.55×10-6,稀土元素分配模式为Eu、Ce亏损-轻稀土元素富集型。从铜矿石→浅色矿化砂岩→浅色无矿砂岩,随着铜含量的降低,Mo、Cd、As、Hg平均含量逐渐降低,∑REE与高场强元素Nb、 Zr、 Hf、Th平均含量逐渐升高。六苴段中亚段砂岩具“矿源层”的特征,铜矿石与围岩具物源一致性,铜矿石在弱碱性、还原条件下由砂岩经水-岩作用形成,与六苴铜矿床(K2ml1)成矿机理相似。小河地段纵向上从北向南,六苴段中亚段中铜矿化的能力逐渐减弱,推测矿化带在走向上向西(紫色砂岩一侧)发生了偏移。     

四川宁南银厂沟震旦-寒武纪交变期碳、氧同位素地球化学特征

扬子地台西缘攀西地区,晚震旦世-早寒武世为一套连续沉积碳酸盐岩,众多科研文献中时代地层、岩性地层和生物地层的划分各异。在此交变期及其近前后,随之发生诸多地质事件,成为地学研究的热点之一。于宁南等四幅1：5万区调工作中,实测灯影组麦地坪段地层剖面,采集新鲜岩样,测试碳、氧同位素,试从稳定同位素地球化学角度阐述其指示意义,提供研究震旦一寒武纪交变期的地球化学资料。