澜沧江杂岩带澜沧群浅变质岩系碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学及其构造意义

澜沧群出露于滇西"三江"地区的南段,其主要岩石由遭受低级变质作用改造的泥质岩和基性火山岩组成。这些岩石普遍经历了古特提斯洋的闭合以及随后的洋陆俯冲过程,是研究古特提斯洋俯冲-碰撞过程的重要窗口。但是有关澜沧群的形成时代、物质来源以及形成的构造背景等一系列问题长期以来存在着多种争议。本文对澜沧群中3件石英岩和1件绢云母变质石英砂岩样品中分选出的碎屑锆石进行了阴极发光图像分析和LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究。澜沧群浅变质岩系碎屑锆石具有明显或弱的振荡环带和较高的Th/U比值,表明岩浆成因。年代学分析结果表明,4件浅变质岩石样品均得到了两组主要年龄峰值,分别为530Ma和930Ma、570Ma和915Ma、540Ma和960Ma、570Ma和910Ma。本次研究中碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄主要分布在570~530Ma和960~910Ma。其中,最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄峰值~530Ma,支持了前人认为澜沧群沉积时代为中奥陶纪(462~454Ma)的认识。本研究中澜沧群浅变质岩系碎屑锆石年龄分布特征表明源区可能主要为泛非期和罗迪尼亚超大陆聚合-裂解过程中形成的岩浆岩。碎屑锆石磨圆较好指示其经历了较长距离的搬运。澜沧群浅变质岩系碎屑锆石与羌塘、特提斯喜马拉雅和拉萨地体变沉积岩或地层中碎屑锆石具有相似的年龄分布特征,表明它们可能具有相似的源区。     

东秦岭中段宽坪群秦岭群地层厘定

东秦岭中段商州地区下元古界宽坪群，秦岭群经１：５００００区调研究，宽坪自下而上建立了竹林沟组，四岔口组，广东坪组，麻街组，谢湾组等五个有序地层组和层位不确切的五峰山岩组。秦岭群属无序岩群，可分为变基性火山岩夹黑云变粒岩组合，黑云变粒岩夹条带状斜长角闪岩组合与浅粒岩夹大理岩组合，推断三种岩石组合可依次由老至新。     

Facies in an Upper Permian volcanic succession,Emmaville Volcanics,Deepwater, northeastern New South Wales

The Upper Permian Emmaville Volcanics at Deepwater, northeastern New South Wales, consist of a diverse succession of calc‐alkaline silicic‐intermediate ignimbrites, volcaniclastics and minor lavas. This 2.5 km‐thick sequence underlies and outcrops extensively along the northern margin of the Dundee Rhyodacite Outlier at Dundee. Detailed mapping and facies analysis have revealed eight locally mappable units namely; Magistrate Volcanic Member (rhyolitic ignimbrites), Wollundi Mudstone Member, Dellwood Ignimbrite Member, Marrawarra Rhyolite Member, Top‐Crossing Sandstone Member, Arranmor Ignimbrite Member, Yarramundi Andesite Member (lava, breccia) and Welcome Volcanic Member (rhyolitic ignimbrites). All volcanic units are contained in two fault‐bounded blocks of different lithology and structure. The volcanic succession ranges in composition from andesite to high‐silica rhyolite (58.6–78% SiO₂). Chemical characteristics include enrichment in K₂O (>3.5%), Al₂O₃ and large‐ion lithophile elements (LILE: Rb, K and light rare‐earth elements (LREE)), and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSE: Ti, Nb and Zr). These geochemical attributes reflect a continental subduction‐related signature. The facies architecture indicates that the principal volcanic features of the Late Permian palaeogeography in northeastern New South Wales was a topographically subdued depression flanked by low‐angle ignimbrite sheets with rhyolitic‐intermediate volcanic centres rising gently from the sloping terrain. The succession demonstrates that during the Late Permian andesitic volcanism was present, although localised. A modern analogue for the setting of the Emmaville Volcanics is the Quaternary Taupo Volcanic Zone (New Zealand).     

兰州-民和盆地河口群层序地层格架特征及盆地演化

兰州-民和盆地河口群形成于早白垩世,其间充填了巨厚的陆源碎屑物,碎屑物的组合内容和方式反映了冲积扇相、扇三角洲相、湖泊相沉积体系占主导。盆地地层层序具有退积型、加积型、进积型叠置的变化旋回,显示了全韵律的特点,代表了构造旋回幕的产物。根据盆地的发展演化特征和层序界面的确定,初步建立了盆地的层序地层格架,同时阐述了盆地的演化过程。     

滇中昆阳群刺穿构造形成机制研究

从昆阳群内刺穿构造时、究分布特征出发，详细研究刺穿体边界特征及其性质，体内物质组成与结构、构造和变质变形特点。分析地质高孔隙流体作用在刺穿构造发生和成长中的地位和作用，提出地层高孔隙流体压力的波动和局部作用是导致刺穿的重要因素，逆冲推覆断裂作用应是继因民组地层岩石水力破裂、破裂作用之后所发生。昆阳群刺穿构造经历了本区地壳岩石圈由拉张体制下的张性破裂、断裂（刺穿）过程向挤压体制下的缩短、增厚过程的转化演化。最后，建立了刺穿构造形成的构造物理过程演化模型。     

赣中存在中元古代变质基底的岩石地球化学证据及其地质意义

对江西乐安相山地区产出在石榴黑云母片岩内、原岩为拉班玄武质火山岩的斜长角闪岩进行了Sm-Nd同位素组成测定,获得Sm-Nd全岩等时线年龄为1113±49 Ma,结合弋阳梅树湾斜长角闪岩及余江马荃斜长角闪岩的同位素定年结果(1159±69 Ma,Sm-Nd; 1190±19Ma, U-Pb) 确认赣中变质岩带原岩属中元古代地层。采用微量元素地球化学比值模糊聚类分析方法对浙西陈蔡群、震旦系及赣中变质岩和震旦系地层进行对比,结合斜长角闪岩Pb-Nd同位素地球化学特征研究,确认赣中变质岩系与陈蔡群相当,从而为赣中变质岩归属于华夏地块变质基底提供了重要佐证。根据崇仁-临川-东乡晚白垩纪断陷红盆两侧深部地球物理重力场、磁场及地层和岩浆岩分布特征的对比,推断遂川深断裂为华夏地块在江西省境内的西北段边界。     

贺兰山群层序及主变形期褶皱构造探讨

本文对贺兰山群由下到上划分为阿楞呼都格变粒岩组、柳树沟片麻岩组和秃鲁根钙硅酸粒岩－大理岩组。主变形期的构造事件为在南倾的北东东向倒转复式褶皱上发育着与其平行的区域性轴面面理、线理和逆冲型同变质韧性剪切带，其中又以塔什沟－柳树沟复背形和秃鲁根向形最具代表性。     

西藏蒙亚啊铅锌矿区花岗斑岩年代学、地球化学及Hf同位素组成特征

蒙亚啊铅锌矿床位于冈底斯铅锌成矿带东段,矿区发育大量的花岗斑岩体.本文通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、主量元素、微量元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成探讨了花岗斑岩体侵位时序、岩石成因、成岩物质源区及其与成矿之间的关系.锆石U-Pb年代学测试结果表明,花岗斑岩体侵位时代为13.18～13.57 Ma,系中新世岩浆作用的产物.花岗斑岩富硅,富碱,A/CNK为1.04～1.15;稀土元素呈轻稀土富集的配分模式,发育明显的Eu负异常;微量元素中富集Rb、Th、U、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素,而Ba、Sr及高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ce、P、Zr、Ti则有不同程度的亏损.主量、微量元素综合研究结果显示花岗斑岩为高分异的S型花岗岩.花岗斑岩εHf(t)值为-9.0～1.6之间,平均值为-2.0;两阶段模式年龄为996～1673Ma,平均值为1225Ma.花岗斑岩亏损高场强元素及锆石Hf同位素组成特征指示岩浆物质源区为念青唐古拉群结晶基底.     

Paleomagnetism of the earliest Cretaceous to early late Cretaceous sandstones, Khorat Group, Northeast Thailand: Implications for tectonic plate movement of the Indochina block

A total of 400 samples (33 sites) were collected from the earliest Cretaceous to early Late Cretaceous sandstones of the Khorat Group in the Indochina block for paleomagnetic study to unravel the tectonic evolution of the region. The sites were adopted from 3 traverses located in the northern edge of the Khorat Plateau, northeastern Thailand. Results indicate that almost all the sandstones exhibit similar magnetic values with an average declination (D) = 31.7°, inclination (I) = 30.3°, λ = 59.7°,  = 190.9°, K = 54.4, and A₉₅ = 3.7 at reference point 17°30′N and 103°30′E. The calculated paleolatitude points are inferred to deviate from the present latitude point by 1.2 ± 2.3°. Only the lowermost part of the Cretaceous sandstones can pass a positive fold test at 95% confidence level. The relationship between the virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) of Cretaceous rocks of the Indochina plate in Thailand and those of the South China plate advocate that there is a major displacement of Indochina along the northwest-trending Red River and associated faults by about 950 ± 150 km with a 16.0–17.0° clockwise rotation relative to the South China plate during earliest Cretaceous times. Paleomagnetic results of the early Late Cretaceous Indochina plate point to a 20–25° clockwise rotation relative to the present occurring since very Late Cretaceous (65 Myrs)–Early Neogene times which may be due to the collision between India and Asia.     

Eocene volcanism during the incipient stage of Izu–Ogasawara Arc: Geology and petrology of the Mukojima Island Group,the Ogasawara Islands

The Ogasawara Islands mainly comprise Eocene volcanic strata formed when the Izu–Ogasawara–Mariana Arc began. We present the first detailed volcanic geology, petrography and geochemistry of the Mukojima Island Group, northernmost of the Ogasawara Islands, and show that the volcanic stratigraphy consists of arc tholeiitic rocks, ultra‐depleted boninite‐series rocks, and less‐depleted boninitic andesites, which are correlatable to the Maruberiwan, Asahiyama and Mikazukiyama Formations on the Chichijima Island Group to the south. On Chichijima, a short hiatus is identified between the Maruberiwan (boninite, bronzite andesite, and dacite) and Asahiyama Formation (quartz dacite and rhyolite). In contrast, these lithologies are interbedded on Nakodojima of the Mukojima Island Group. The stratigraphically lower portion of Mukojima is mainly composed of pillow lava, which is overlain by reworked volcaniclastic rocks in the middle, whereas the upper portion is dominated by pyroclastic rocks. This suggests that volcanic activity now preserved in the Mukojima Island Group records growth of one or more volcanoes, beginning with quiet extrusion of lava under relatively deep water followed by volcaniclastic deposition. These then changed into moderately explosive eruptions that took place in shallow water or above sea level. This is consistent with the uplift of the entire Ogasawara Ridge during the Eocene. Boninites from the Mukojima Island Group are divided into three types on the basis of geochemistry. Type 1 boninites have high SiO₂ (>57.0 wt.%) and Zr/Ti (>0.022) and are the most abundant type in both Mukojima and Chichijima Island Groups. Type 2 boninites have low SiO₂ (<57.1 wt.%) and Zr/Ti (<0.014). Type 3 boninites have 57.6–60.7 wt.% SiO₂ and are characterized by high CaO/Al₂O₃ (0.9–1.1). Both type 2 and 3 boninites are common on Mukojima but are rare in the Chichijima Island Group.