青藏高原冈底斯北缘嘉玉桥群形成时代的确定

嘉玉桥群是冈底斯北缘的变质岩系之一,其形成时代存在较大分歧。通过高精度LA-ICP-MS(激光剥蚀等离子体质谱)锆石微区原位U-Pb同位素测年,获得西藏八宿县巴兼村一带嘉玉桥群上部大理岩中所夹含石榴子石绿片岩(原岩为玄武岩)的上交点年龄为(566±27)Ma,将八宿县巴兼村一带嘉玉桥群的原岩形成时代限定为晚震旦世。结合相关研究成果,初步认为冈底斯北缘自晚震旦世到寒武纪可能存在较大规模的陆缘裂谷。     

青藏高原羌塘地区果干加年山—荣玛乡一带石炭纪—二叠纪古生物研究新进展

在羌塘中部大沙河-果干加年山剖面展金岩群中发现珊瑚化石赫氏鲍斯维耳剌毛虫Chatetes（Boswellia）heritschi Sokolov,说明展金岩群中存在晚石炭世的生物时代证据。但是该化石并不是属于冈瓦纳冷水生物区的,而是来自温水环境的特提斯型生物区。在荣玛乡黑石山剖面中发现大量中二叠世科化石,既出现典型的冈瓦纳相冷水生物,如Wannerophyllam、Monodiexo-dina等,也存在大量暖水型的生物,如田氏朱森Chusenella tieni Chen、散尔多希瓦格Schwagerina sanerduoensis Nieet Song、假孙氏假纺锤Pseudofusulina pseudosuni Sheng等。化石特征属于冈瓦纳相与特提斯相的混合类型。研究表明,羌塘中部的喀喇昆仑—龙木错—双湖一带是石炭纪、二叠纪冈瓦纳和特提斯生物混生区,不存在明显的生物大区界线。推测龙木错-双湖蛇绿岩带所代表的洋盆可能仅为特提斯南缘弧盆系统中的小盆地。     

滇西高黎贡山南段公养河群变质基性火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

滇西公养河群1965年创名,为一套浅变质砂岩与泥板岩,夹少量硅质岩（或硅质页岩）及灰岩,生物稀少,常具类复理石韵律,为一套浊流至半深海相沉积;其时代一般认为属震旦纪—中寒武世,但一直缺乏准确的化石或测年依据。本次1∶5万区调在龙陵县邦迈村地层剖面中,确定了该套地层夹数层变质基性火山岩序列,根据地球化学研究恢复其原岩为玄武岩,形成于陆内拉张环境,可能与泛非造山期后的伸展有关。获得了变质基性火山岩的锆石U-Pb激光探针（LA-ICP-MS）499.2Ma±2.1Ma的年龄。这是测区首次获得的有关公养河群的高精度测年数据,为该群的划分及其时代约束提供了可靠的年代学依据。这一新的发现和成果对于进一步深入研究高黎贡山变质变形带泛非期的构造属性与演化历史具有重要意义。     

Report on the 5th International Meeting of the IUGS Lower Cretaceous Ammonite Working Group,the Kilian Group (Ankara,Turkey, 31st August 2013)

The 5th meeting of the IUGS Lower Cretaceous Ammonite Working Group (the Kilian Group) held in Ankara, Turkey, 31st August 2013, discussed the Mediterranean ammonite zonation, and its calibration with different ammonite zonal schemes of the Boreal, Austral and Central Atlantic realms. Concerning the standard zonation, that corresponds to the zonal scheme of the West Mediterranean province, some changes have been made on two stages. For the Valanginian, the Busnardoites campylotoxus Zone was abandoned; the upper part of the lower Valanginian is now characterised by the Neocomites neocomiensiformis and Karakaschiceras inostranzewi zones. For the upper Barremian, the former Imerites giraudi Zone is here subdivided into two zones, a lower I. giraudi Zone and an upper Martellites sarasini Zone. The I. giraudi Zone is now subdivided into the I. giraudi and Heteroceras emerici subzones, previously considered as horizons. The current M. sarasini and Pseudocrioceras waagenoides subzones correspond to the lower and upper parts of the M. sarasini Zone, respectively. The Anglesites puzosianum Horizon is kept. The Berriasian, Hauterivian, Aptian and Albian zonal schemes have been discussed but no change was made. The upper Hauterivian zonal scheme of the Georgian (Caucasus) region (East Mediterranean province) has been compared with the standard zonation. Discussions and some attempts at correlations are presented here between the standard zonation and the zonal schemes of different palaeobiogeographical provinces: the North-West European area for the Valanginian and Hauterivian, the Argentinean region for the Berriasian, Valanginian and Hauterivian, and the Mexican area for the Valanginian–Hauterivian and Aptian–lower Albian. The report concludes with some proposals for future work.     

张广才岭“新元古代”一面坡群的形成时代：来自岩浆锆石和碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄的制约

本文报道了黑龙江省张广才岭"新元古代"一面坡群唐家屯组流纹岩和长石石英砂岩以及杨木岗组粉砂质泥岩中锆石的U-Pb定年结果,结合上覆早侏罗世太安屯组流纹岩的定年结果,讨论了一面坡群的形成时代及其构造属性。采自该群绝大多数锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,显示出典型岩浆生长环带或条痕状吸收,暗示其岩浆成因。定年结果表明,采自一面坡群唐家屯组底部流纹岩的形成时代为295±2Ma,而上部长石石英砂岩产生了234Ma、260Ma、273Ma、291Ma、309Ma和327Ma多组谐和年龄;杨木岗组粉砂质泥岩产生了226Ma、267Ma、362Ma、411Ma、485Ma和783Ma多组谐和年龄;覆盖在杨木岗组之上的中生代太安屯组流纹岩的定年结果为189±1Ma。从上述定年结果可以看出,一面坡群唐家屯组流纹岩形成于早二叠世,而其上部的长石石英砂岩与杨木岗组粉砂质泥岩的形成时代类似(226~234Ma)——即其形成于晚三叠世-早侏罗世之间(226~189Ma),而非先前所确定的新元古代。基于杨木岗组中碎屑锆石的年龄频数,杨木岗组的沉积物源主要来自于周边晚古生代地质体以及次要的早中生代、早古生代和新元古代地质体。此外,早二叠世流纹岩与同时代玄武质岩石共同构成了双峰式火山岩组合,可能暗示一种伸展环境。     

华北克拉通北缘白云鄂博群和腮林忽洞群底部碎屑锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素分析及其地质意义

白云鄂博群位于华北克拉通北缘,由于赋存超大型REE-Nb-Fe矿而受到广泛关注。白云鄂博群形成时代有中元古代、古生代等不同认识。腮林忽洞群位于白云鄂博群的南部,与白云鄂博群的关系也有不同认识。本文报道了白云鄂博群和腮林忽洞群底部中-粗粒砂岩的碎屑锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和LA-ICPMS Hf同位素组成。两个岩群碎屑沉积岩的碎屑锆石在形态和内部结构上类似,按结构特征可分为继承或捕获锆石、岩浆锆石、变质锆石和重结晶锆石等不同类型。年龄都主要分布在1.8~2.1Ga之间和2.4~2.7Ga之间,尽管年龄峰值存在一定区别。它们的Hf同位素组成也类似,εHf(t)和tDM2(Hf)变化范围分别主要在约-6.0~6.0之间和2550~2950Ma之间。结合前人研究,可得出如下结论:白云鄂博群和腮林忽洞群的物源区类似,主要由新太古代晚期和古元古代晚期岩浆岩组成,为新太古代早期陆壳物质再循环产物;部分岩石遭受新太古代晚期和古元古代晚期高级变质作用改造;碎屑物质都来自华北克拉通北缘早前寒武纪变质基底,与其形成时代相同的认识不矛盾。     

西秦岭舒家坝地区泥盆纪舒家坝群碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄：源区特征与形成时代

以西秦岭舒家坝地区泥盆纪舒家坝群碎屑岩为研究对象,进行碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄研究,探讨其形成时代、物源组成和构造背景。所测样品最小锆石年龄组的年龄加权平均值为413Ma,代表了舒家坝群的沉积下限,结合前人研究的古生物资料将其形成时代限定为中泥盆世。所获碎屑锆石年龄可划分为4个谱段：震旦纪—古生代年龄谱段619～409Ma,峰值为445Ma;新元古代年龄谱段930～735Ma,峰值为849Ma;中元古代年龄谱段1760～1033Ma;新太古代—古元古代年龄谱段3095～2478Ma。综合研究认为,舒家坝群的物源具多元性,包括西秦岭北缘构造带、北祁连造山带东段和华北板块基底,其中北祁连造山带东段和西秦岭北缘构造带是舒家坝群沉积的主要物源区,且后者占主导地位。结合区域地质资料,根据其物源组成特征判断,舒家坝群形成于陆—陆或弧—陆碰撞后由挤压转换为伸展环境的局部裂陷盆地。     

嵩山地区登封群地层的新认识

嵩山地区位于华北克拉通南缘,是我国记录前寒武纪地质的典型地区之一。但以往对该区偏重于地球化学的研究,对地层学的研究相对薄弱,尤其是太古界登封群地层研究程度很低。在野外实地调查,实际测量研究整个登封群地质剖面时,发现登封群存在的一个宏观的粒序,从老羊沟岩组到金家门岩组再到郭家窑岩组,所含砾石粒径存在一个总体变小,数量由多变少的规律。     

鄂尔多斯盆地中西部长8砂岩的流体包裹体特征与油气成藏期次分析

利用流体包裹体的分析测试技术与研究方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地中西部长8油层组的成藏期次进行了研究。烃类包裹
体及其伴生的盐水包裹体的岩相学特征、均一温度、盐度、密度及成分分析显示,长8储层主要发育两期烃类包裹体,第
一期分布在早期方解石胶结物、石英颗粒表面及其连生的石英加大边中以及未切穿石英颗粒的早期愈合裂缝中,其伴生盐
水包裹体的均一温度峰值为80~90℃;第二期烃类包裹体分布在石英颗粒表面和切穿石英颗粒的裂缝中,其伴生盐水包裹
体的均一温度峰值为100~120℃。储层成岩作用与油气充注微观分析、成岩-烃类充注演化时间序列研究,结合地层埋藏史
和热史分析表明,研究区经历了三期烃类充注事件：第一期（约169~161 Ma） 充注规模小,砂岩中未捕获到这一期适合进
行均一温度与成分测定的烃类包裹体,因此本研究缺乏这期包裹体的温度与成分数据;第二期（约148~135 Ma） 烃类充注
对应前述获得均一温度与成分数据的第一期烃类包裹体;第三期烃类充注规模最大,发生在早白垩世晚期的125.2~105.7 Ma
之间,为主成藏期,对应前述获得均一温度与成分数据的第二期烃类包裹体。     

Petrography,mineralogy and geochemistry of Cretaceous sediment samples from western Khorat Plateau,Thailand, and considerations on their provenance

At Mo Hin Khao on the western flank of Khorat Plateau, Thailand, the Phra Wihan Formation reveals litharenite and sublitharenite with some subarkose and arkose. A cuesta in the eroded sedimentary sequence exhibits spectacular rock pillars of considerable geotourist potential. The rock sequence is high in silica (SiO₂ 67–98 wt%) and contains quartz, mica, magnetite, chert fragments and accessory minerals such as zircon and tourmaline and amphibole species. These accessory minerals suggest felsic rocks, such as granite, granodiorite and pegmatite, were sources for the sandstones. Geochemical analyses of the sedimentary sequence suggest that source rocks may lie in the passive continental margin, before sediment transport and deposition in the Khorat Basin by rivers flowing across a large flood plain. Many depositional sequences/episodes formed thick beds of cross bedded clastic rocks. A high average maturity index (>5) indicates sedimentary reworking/recycling. Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) values range from 47 to 98, suggesting variable chemical weathering within the source area rocks, largely representing moderate to high degrees of weathering. The average CIA value of these sediments (78) suggests that relatively extreme alteration factors were involved.